八年级上语法总结.docx
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八年级上语法总结.docx
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八年级上语法总结
语法:
一般将来时
结构:
be(am/is/are)goingtodosth.表示计划、打算或安排搭配词:
tomorrow;thedayaftertomorrow;tomorrowmorning/...nextweek/month/Friday/...
Thismorning/afternoon/evening/week/term/...;tonightinaweek=>in+一段时间;注意划线的提问词用howsooninthefuture
fourdayslater=>一段时间+latersb.hope/wish+宾语从句(将来时)
e.g.OurChineseteacherisgoingtogive(give)aspeechthisFriday.否定句:
OurChineseteacherisn'tgoingtogiveaspeechthisFriday.一般疑问句:
IsourChineseteachergoingtogiveaspeechthisFriday?
肯定回答:
Yes,heis.否定回答:
No,heisn't.
画线提问:
Whenishegoingtogiveaspeech?
结构:
主语+willdosth.====>适用于任何人称搭配词:
tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,in+一段时间,nextSunday/week/year/...,thismorning/afternoon/evening/year/week/month/...,tonight,inthefuture
e.g.Herunclewillvisitherinthreedays.===>Howsoonwillherunclevisither?
语法:
表示建议的句型:
Wouldyoumind(not)doingsth.?
“做某事你(不)介意吗?
”WouldyoumindifI....?
“如果我做某事你不介意吗”
表示允许的回答:
Ofcoursenot./Certainlynot./...
表示不允许的回答:
You'dbetternot./Sorry....1.Couldyoupleasedomeafavor?
=Couldyouhelpme?
=Couldyougivemeahand?
语法:
情态助动词:
can/could;may/might;should;must;haveto;hadbetter;nded;dare;oughtto;
1.can“能”能力“可以”允许“可能”猜测2.may“可能”猜测“可以”允许,征求同意
3.must“必须”义务;mustn't“不得”禁止“一定;准是”猜测表示请求,客气或正式程度:
might>may>could>can表示猜测,可能性:
must>can>could>may>mightmust提问时,否定回答是:
—Mustwe„„?
—No,youdon'thaveto./No,youneedn't.“必须”must(除了过去时might外)没有时态、人称和数的变化;主观看法haveto有时态、人称和数的变化;客观需要hadbetter的否定hadbetternot
感叹句:
What(a/an)+(adj.)+名词+主语+谓语How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语
过去进行时:
结构:
was/were+doing
用法:
①过去某个时刻正在进行的动作:
at8:
00/...+过去的时间atthis/thattime/moment+过去的时间②过去某段时间内持续进行的动作:
from7to9+过去的时间thewholemorning/...+过去的时间注:
过去进行时可以运用于when、while、as引导的时间状语从句中。
①as从句谓语动词可用短暂性或延续性动词;从句表示进展过程。
②when从句谓语动词可用短暂性或延续性动词;从句表示一个时间段或时间点。
③while从句谓语动词须用延续性动词;从句表示一个时间段。
eg.①Ashegrewup,hebecamemoreclever.②Whenhearrivedhome,itwasjustnineo'clock.③WhilehewasinLondon,hestudiedmusic
形容词的比较级、最高级:
⑴规则变化:
A.单音节和少数双音节
①加-er或-est:
great-greater-greatest②以e结尾的加-r或-st:
fine-finer-finest
③辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加-er或-est:
happy-happier-happiest④重读,辅元辅结尾,尾字母有独立发音的,双写尾字母加-er或-est:
big-bigger-biggestB.多音节和部分双音节
在词前加more或most:
popular-morepopular-themostpopular⑵不规则变化:
good/well-better-best;bad/ill-worse-worst;many/much-more-most;little-less-least;far-farther/further-farthest/furthest注:
①比较级要有比较对象,而且必须同级同类比较。
搭配词:
than②最高级要有比较范围,形容词最高级前加the。
搭配词:
of/in
be(not)sure+(that)宾语从句be(not)sure+if/whether宾语从句
be(not)sure+when/where/which/why/how/...宾语从句
附加疑问句,即反意疑问句,表示说话者有一定的看法,征求对方的同意或肯定。
前面肯定,后面否定;前面否定,后面肯定。
两部分人称和时态要一致。
注:
①反意疑问句的前面陈诉部分含有:
no,nothing,little,few,never,hardly,seldom,nobody/...等表示否定意义的词时,后面用肯定形式。
②以Ithink/believe引导的宾语从句,后面的疑问句应针对从句部分。
③对于祈使句的附加疑问句,附加疑问部分常用willyou。
注意Let's和Letus的不同:
eg.Let'sgotoschool,shallwe?
Letusplaysoccer,willyou?
④对于回答,不管问题的提法如何,若事实是肯定的,就用yes;事实是否定的,就用no:
eg.--Heisadoctor,isn'the?
--Yes,heis.(是的,他是)/No,heisn't.
--Sheisn'tanurse,isshe?
--Yes,sheis.(不,她是)/No,sheisn't.
八年级上期英语期末考试
二、单项选择题(15分)
()21.—Wouldyoumindturningdownthemusic?
—_____________.
A.Yes,please.B.You’rewelcome.C.Ofcoursenot.DSure
()22.—Sorry,DoctorSmithisn’thererightnow.
—MayI____amessageonhisdesk?
A.takeB.leaveC.haveDbring
()23—Couldyou______meyourbike,please?
—Sorry,I’musingit.YoucanborrowJack’s.A.lentB.borrowC.lendDkeep
()24I________foranEnglishtestwhenshecameinatthistimeofyesterday.
A.studiedB.amstudyingC.wasstudyingDstudy
()25____________youwrite,________youmake.
AThecarefuler,thefewmistakeBThemorecareful,thefewmistakeCThemorecarefully,thefewermistakesDThemorecareful,thefewermistakes
()26—Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool?
—______students,Ithink.
AThousandofB.TwothousandsC.TwothousandD.Twothousandsof
()27—Lookattheseflowers.—__________beautifultheyare!
AHowB.DoC.WhatD.Which
()28.Afterhardwork,hefelt__________tiredtowalk.
A.soB.toC.tooD.Very
()29.____isgood_______yourhealth.
A.Walk,toB.Walking,toC.Towalk,withD.Walking,for()30.Don’tdrink____water.Thereisnowashroomonthebus.
A.toomuchB.muchtooC.toomanyD.manytoo
()31.Don’tforget_____thedoorwhenyouleave.
A.closeB.closingC.tocloseD.closed()32.Ifit____tomorrow,wewillhaveapicnicinthepark.
A.won’trainB.doesn’trainC.isn’trainD.don’train
()33.HespeaksEnglish______thananyotherstudentinhisclass.
A.betterB.wellC.bestDgood
()34.It’sdifficult______thisworktoday.
AtofinishB.finishedC.finishingDfinishes
()35.You’dbetter________.It’sbadforyoureyes.
A.notreadinthesunB.notplaybasketballC.workonthenetforlongDreadinthesun
三、完形填空(10个小题,共10分)
Samisa9-year-olddog.Hehasa36:
painting.Thehobbynotonlymakeshimfamous,butalsomakeshim37.
Samhasdrawn22paintings.38ofthemareabstract(抽象派的).Helikestostartwithdarkercolors39movingontolighterones.
Sam’spaintingsare40intheUS.Someofthemsellfor41$1,700.Awomanevenboughtone42abirthdaygiftforherdog.
“Helovespaintingandalwayspaintsforhours,”saidSam’sowner,Mary.
Samwasoncearescue(搜救)dog.Oneday,Marywantedtoteachhim43.
“I44dolphinspaintandelephantspaint,soIthoughtthatmaybemydogcouldpaint,too,”saidMary.
Sheisright.NowSamisoneoftheworld’s45animalartists.Peoplecallhim“DaVinciinthedogworld”.
()36.A.jobB.habitC.planD.hobby
()37.A.fatB.uglyC.richD.healthy
()38.A.AllB.BothC.EnoughD.Everyone
()39.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.then
()40.A.luckyB.newC.popularD.open
()41.A.assoonasB.asearlyasC.asmuchasD.asmanyas
()42.A.withB.asC.atD.in
()43.A.nothingB.everythingC.anythingD.something
()44.A.sawB.madeC.triedD.loved
()45.A.greaterB.greatestC.wellD.better
四、阅读理解。
(40分)
A
LastFridaymyfriendDeborahaskedmeifIwouldliketolearnhowtomaketofu.Icouldn’tthinkofanygoodreasonnottobeinterestedin,soIsaid,"Yes".ThenextdayImetherandanotherthreenicepeopleattheHodoSoyBeaneryOakland.Ienjoyedthetrip.Igotalotfromthetrip.ThefollowingiswhatIlearnt.
Tofuhasahistoryof2,000years.Althoughtheword"tofu"isfromJapanese,thefoodmaybecomesfromChina.
Therearetwomainkindsoftofu:
softtofu(软豆腐)andfirmtofu(硬豆腐).InsomepartsofAsia,peopleusetofuasakindofmeat.
Douhuaisonekindofsofttofu.ItisapopularbreakfastfoodinChina.Becauseitisverysoft,peoplecan’teatitwithchopsticks,butwithaspoon(勺子).Peopleofteneatitasasnack(小吃)andoftenaddspringonionsandgravytoit.InMalaysia,peopleusuallyeatdouhuawithwhiteordarksugarwater.根据材料内容选择最佳答案,并将其标号填入题前括号内。
()46.WhendidthewritergotoHodoSoyBeaneryOckland?
A.LastThursday.B.LastFriday.C.LastSaturday.D.LastSunday.
()47.Howmanypeoplewenttherewiththewriter?
A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.
()48.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthefoodtofumaycomefrom______.
A.JapanB.ChinaC.OaklandD.Malaysia
()49.Theunderlinedword"chopstick"means"______"inChinese.
A.筷子B.盘子C.叉子D.杯子
()50.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Peoplebegantomaketofu2,000yearsago.B.Somepeopleusetofuasakindofmeat.C.Douhuaisonekindoffirmtofu.D.Manypeopleeattofuasasnack.
B
Simonhardlylistenedtohisteachersorworkedhardinclass.Forhim,talkingwassomuchbetter.Heneverstoppedtalking.Hewantedtobeheard.“Ifyoulistencarefully,you’lllearnsomething.”Mrs.Jacobstoldhimmanytimes,butitdidn’twork.
LastSunday,Simonhadasorethroat(喉咙痛)andhelosthisvoicethenextmorning.“CanIstayhome?
”hetriedtoask,butwordsdidn’tcomeout.Hismotherthoughthecouldgotoschool.Hefeltupset.
Whenhegottoschool,hedidn’tsayanythingtohisfriendsorteachers.Everyonestartedtalkingatonce.Theywereexcited,worriedandsurprised.Mrs.Jacobsseemedhappy.Simonwasboredbecausehecouldn’ttalk.
Butitwasn’tsobad.Hecoulddohishomework.Thenextday,eventhoughhisvoicewascomingback,hestayedquietagain.Helistenedandputuphishandtospeak.Whatagreatdifference!
根据材料内容选择最佳答案,并将其标号填入题前括号内。
()51.SimonbeforelastSunday.
A.washard-workingB.wasshyC.keptsilentD.likedtalking()52.Mrs.JacobsonceaskedSimontomanytimes.
A.leaveschoolB.listentoherC.gettoschoolearlyD.talkloudly()53.WhathappenedtoSimononMonday?
A.Helosthisdog.B.Hehadtheflu.C.Hehadafightwithhisfriend.D.Helosthisvoice.()54.Simonfeltwhenhegottoschool.
A.excitedB.worriedC.boredD.surprised
()55.Accordingtothepassage,Simonfinallylearnedto.
A.listentohisteacherB.listentohisfriendsC.dohishomeworkaloneD.talkwithhisclassmates
C
Lastsummer,Jeffbecameamiddleschoolstudent.Hewasagoodstudent,andhealwaysworkedhard.Hehadatestinthefirstmonthandhefinishedthequestionseasilyuntilhereadthelastone:
”56What’shername?
”
Ofcourse,thisquestionwasalittlespecial.57Shewastallandherhairwasdark.ButJeffdidn’ttalkwithheranddidn’tknowhername.Thetestwasover.58Thenastudentaskedtheteacher,“Isthelastquestionveryimportantinthistest?
”
“Yes,”saidtheteacher.“Inourlife,wewillmeetmanyhard-workingpeople.Theyareimpor
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