人教版八年级上册一般过去时语法讲解及练习含答案.docx
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人教版八年级上册一般过去时语法讲解及练习含答案.docx
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人教版八年级上册一般过去时语法讲解及练习含答案
一般过去时语法讲练
一、含义
一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
二、用法
(一)表示过去某个时间或某一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态
①平时经常的或习惯性的动作,通常用一个实义动词来描述。
Shecamebackhomeafterdinneryesterday.
IhadawordwithJuliathismorning
②平时的状态和特征,就要用到形容词,句子往往是一个系表结构,而这种状态和特征,是比较稳定的,或者是有规律的。
Shewasateacherin1995.
HewasinShanghailastyear.
Theywereyoungfouryearsago.
(二)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作
He got upat7everyday.
Mrs.Peteralwayscarriedanumbrella.
常用usedto/would表示过去习惯性动作:
Heusedtovisithismotheronceaweek.
Theoldmanwouldsitonabenchinthequietparkandlookatothersforhourswithoutdoinganythingortalkingtoanybody.
(三)有时可替代一般现在时,表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气
Wouldyoumindmysitinghere?
(四)时间标志词
yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek/year/summer,two/three/days/weeksago,thatmorning/winter/day/year,thosedays/years,atthattime/moment,in1990,justnow,intheolddays,twohourslater,oneday,whenIwas…yearsold/whenIwasyoung…
三、句型结构
(一)be动词
肯定句
主语+be的过去式(was,were)+表语
例:
Hewasalazyboy.
否定句
主语+be的过去式(was,were)+表语
例:
Weweren'tlateyesterday.
一般疑问句
be的过去式(was,were)+主语+表语
例:
Wereyouatschoolyesterday?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+be的过去式(was,were)+主语+表语
例:
Howwastheweatheryesterday?
(二)行为动词
肯定句
主语+动词过去式+其它
例:
Hewenttovisithisgrandparentseveryweekend.
否定句
主语+didn't+谓语动词原形+其它
例:
Ididn’tdomyhomeworkyesterday.
一般疑问句
Did+主语+谓语动词原形+其它?
例:
Didyouhavebreakfastthismorning?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?
例:
Whatdidyoudojustnow?
四、动词过去式(过去式)的变化规则
(一)直接加ed
listen-listenedvisit-visitedwalk-walked
(二)以e结尾,直接加d
live-livedhope-hoped
(三)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i加ed
carry-carriedstudy-studied
(四)以重读闭音节结尾,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母加ed
shop-shoppedstop-stoppeddrop-droppedplan-plannedfit-fittedprefer-preferred
Ilived(live)inShanghaiin2003.
(五)不规则动词过去式的变化需特殊记忆
buy-boughtgo-wentread-read
Iread(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.
【注意事项】
1、一般过去时只说明过去的事情,不强调动作对现在的影响。
Hecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.他昨天打扫了教室(教室干净不干净,不知道)
2、一般过去时,如果表示过去的一段时间里经常或反复的动作,常与always、never等连用。
Maryalwayscarriedawalkingstick.
Ineverdrankcoffee.
3、表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用一般过去时,句中没有表示过去的时间状语,通过上下文来表示。
Jimgotdressed,atebreakfastquicklyandwenttoschool.
4、如果用“usedtodo(过去常常干……)”表过去时,表达过去的习惯,但这个习惯已终止。
Weusedtogooutwithoutmasks,butnowwealwayswearmasks.
一般过去时专项训练
写出下列动词的过去式
play_________run_________swim_________make_________
go_________study_________write_________read_________
have_________sing_________dance_________fly_________
see_________buy_________eat_________live_________
take_________come_________get_________stop_________
sit_________begin_________shop_________chat_________
rain_________take_________do_________be_________
单选
()1.Myfather______illyesterday.
A.isn'tB.aren'tC.wasn'tD.weren't
()2.______yourparentsathomelastweek?
A.IsB.WasC.AreD.Were
()3.Thetwins______inDalianlastyear.They______herenow.
A.are;wereB.were;areC.was;areD.were;was
()4.______yourfatheratworktheday______yesterday(前天)﹖
A.Was;beforeB.Is;beforeC.Was;afterD.Is;after
()5.—WhowasondutylastFriday﹖
—______.
A.IamB.IwasC.Yes,IwasD.No,Iwasn't
()6.Icleanedmyclassroom___________.
A.withthreehoursB.threehoursago
C.inthreehoursD.threehoursbefore
()7.Icame_______myhousetwodaysago.
A.backonB.backtoC.tobackD.back
()8.—___________?
—Hedidsomereadingathome.
A.
Whatdoesyourfatherdoyesterdayevening
B.Whatdoesyourbrotherdointheschool
C.Whatdidyourbrotherdoovertheweekend
D.WheredidyourbrothergolastSunday
()9.—Whatdidyoudo________?
—Iwenttothemovies.
A.nextmorningB.overtheweekendC.intheweekendD.nextMonday
()10.Thekoalasleeps_______,butgetsup_________.
A.duringtheday;attheeveningB.atday;duringnight
C.intheday;duringtheeveningD.duringtheday;atnight
二、根据括号中动词的适当形式填空
1.She________(look)afterhermotherathomeyesterday.
2.I_________(taste)someChinesefoodlastweek.
3.WhileJimwasridingalongthestreet,apoliceman_________(stop)him.
4.MissLi__________(make)acakejustnow.
5.Mary__________(study)inNo.3JuniorHighSchoollastyear.
6.I__________(watch)TVtwohourago.
7.Jim__________(become)ateacherin2001.
8.Myfather__________(go)toworkbybikethatday.
9.Mary____________(notcatch)thebusyesterdaymorning.
10.I__________(start)playingfootballwhenIwassixyearsold.
11.Lisa___________(notgo)backhomeuntilhisfathercameback.
12.Lastyeartheteacher___________(tell)usthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.
13.Whilemakinggreateffortstorunaway,she_____(fall)overthehillanddied.
14.I’mnotsurewhat_________(happen).ImadesomesandwichesearlierandleftthemonthetablewhenIwenttoanswerthephone.
15.Myparents__________(visit)myuncleandthenwenthome.
16.Hisuncle_________toworkbybuslastyear.(go)
17.LinTaoandhisclassmates______onafarmlastweek.(work)
18.We______totheGreatWallbecauseit_______yesterday.(notgo,rain)
19.TodayisMonday.Yesterday______Sunday.(be)
20.There_______nohospitalsheretenyearsago.(be)
21.Ialways______upatsixinthemorning,butI_____upalittlelateryesterday.(get)
22.She_______swimverywellwhenshewasfiveyearsold.(can)
23.They________inBeijingin1960.(be)
24.Healways_______toworkbybikewhenhewasinShanghai.(go)
25.I______toschoolyesterdaybecauseI_____ill.(notgo,be)
三、改错
1.HowisJaneyesterday?
__________________________________________
2.Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.
__________________________________________
3.Heoftengoeshomeat6:
00lastmonth.
__________________________________________
4.Icanflykitessevenyearsago.
__________________________________________
5.Didyousawhimjustnow?
__________________________________________
6.Tomwasn’twatchTVlastnight.
__________________________________________
7.Ididn’tmyhomeworkyesterday.
__________________________________________
8.Hewaitforyouthreehoursago.
__________________________________________
9.Whofinditjustnow?
__________________________________________
10.Whatmakehimcryjustnow?
__________________________________________
11.Iwasthreeyearsoldwhenmymotherleavesus.
__________________________________________________
12.IinvitedLisatomyhomeandwewatchTVtogether.
__________________________________________________
13.Hedidn’thishomeworkafterdinner.
__________________________________________________
14.Shewasscaredandruntohermother.
__________________________________________________
15.Theydon’tgobackhomeuntiltheirparentscalledthemyesterday.
__________________________________________________
16.Herbrotherdidn’tfinishedhishomeworkbecausehehadabadcold.
__________________________________________________
四、按要求改写句子
1.Hewasathomeyesterday.
否定句:
___________________________________________________
一般疑问句:
_______________________________________________
肯定回答:
_______________________否定回答___________________________
对“athome”提问:
_______________________________________
对“yesterday”提问:
_____________________________________________
2.Maryworkedinahospitallastyear.
否定句:
_____________________________________________
一般疑问句:
_________________________________________
肯定回答:
_______________________否定回答:
_________________________
对“inahospital”提问:
_________________________________________
对“lastyear”提问:
___________________________________________
【答案】
写出下列动词的过去式
play-playedrun-ranswim-swammake-made
go-wentstudy-studiedwrite-wroteread-read
have-hadsing-sangdance-dancedfly-flew
see-sawbuy-boughteat-atelive-lived
take-tookcome-cameget-gotstop-stopped
sit-satbegin-beganshop-shoppedchat-chatted
rain-rainedtake-tookdo-didbe-was/were
单选
1-5CDBAB
6-10BBCBD
二、根据括号中动词的适当形式填空
1.looked
2.tasted
3.stopped
4.made
5.studied
6.watched
7.became
8.went
9.didn’tcatch
10.started
11.1.didn’tgo
12.2.told
13.3.fell
14.4.happened
15.5.visited
16.6.went
17.7.worked
18.didn’tgo;rained
19.was
20.were
21.get;got
22.could
23.were
24.went
25.didn’t;was
三、改错
1.HowwasJaneyesterday?
2.Hewenttoschoolbybuslastweek.
3.Heoftenwenthomeat6:
00lastmonth.
4.Icouldflykitessevenyearsago.
5.Didyouseehimjustnow?
6.Tomdidn’twatchTVlastnight.
7.Ididn’tdomyhomeworkyesterday.
8.Hewaitedforyouthreehoursago.
9.Whofounditjustnow?
10.Whatmadehimcryjustnow?
11.Iwasthreeyearsoldwhenmymotherleftus.
12.IinvitedLisatomyhomeandwewatchedTVtogether.
13.Hedidn’tdohishomeworkafterdinner.
14.Shewasscaredandrantohermother.
15.Theydidn’tgobackhomeuntiltheirparentscalledthemyesterday.
16.Herbrotherdidn’tfinishhishomeworkbecausehehadabadcold.
四、按要求改写句子
1.Hewasn’tathomeyesterday.
WasHeathomeyesterday?
Yes,hewas.No,hewasn’t
Wherewasheyesterday?
Whenwasheathome?
2.Marydidn’tworkinahospitallastyear.
DidMaryworkinahospitallastyear?
Yes,shedid.No,shedidn’t.
WheredidMaryworklastyear?
WhendidMaryworkinahospital?
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