初中阶段宾语从句知识点总结.docx
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初中阶段宾语从句知识点总结.docx
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初中阶段宾语从句知识点总结
初中阶段宾语从句知识点总结
一首歌诀的时间记住宾语从句所有的知识点,有不懂的地方可以看后面的解释哦
宾语从句歌诀
宾语从句三姊妹,that,if/whether,wh-/how展风采
展风采有三关,引导词、语序、时态在把关
主从时态要一致,陈述语序永不变
陈述请你选that,疑问需用if/whether连
特殊问句作宾从,原来问词不用换
三关过后莫得意,人称、标点需注意
留意变脸的if/when,从句的简化记心间
歌诀解码
一、三姊妹
宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型:
1.由that引导的宾语从句。
如:
Weknew(that)weshouldlearnfromeachother.
2.由if/whether引导的宾语从句。
如:
Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAmerica.
3.由who,where,how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。
如:
CanyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestpostoffice?
二、三关
1.引导词关
如果从句是陈述句,引导词用that(that在口语或非正式文体中常省略);如果从句是一般疑问句,引导词用if/whether;如果从句是特殊疑问句,引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。
2.语序关
①陈述句变为宾语从句,语序不变,即仍用陈述语序。
如:
Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid(that)hewasanhonestboy.
②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句,语序变为陈述语序。
如:
Doesheworkhard?
Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.
Whendidheleave?
Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.
3.时态关
①如果主句是现在的时态,从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
如:
Ihaveheard(that)hewillcomebacknextweek.
②如果主句是过去的某种时态,那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。
如:
Hesaid(that)therewerenoclassesyesterday.
注意:
如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时,不管主句是什么时态,从句都要用一般现在时。
如:
Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.
三、人称的变化和标点的使用
1.从句的主语如果是第一人称,变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致;如果是第二人称,则与主句的宾语一致;如果是第三人称,不用变化。
如:
“MayIuseyourknife?
”Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.
“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber?
”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.
2.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。
主句是陈述句,用句号;主句是疑问句,用问号。
如:
Whowillgiveusatalk?
Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.
Doyouknow?
Wheredoeshelive?
→Doyouknowwherehelives?
四、两副面孔
if和when既能引导时间状语从句,又能引导宾语从句。
因此,遇到它们就要认真分析一下,它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。
如:
Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwon’tcome.(时间状语从句)
Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.(宾语从句)
五、从句的简化
1.当主句谓语动词是find,see,watch,hear等感官动词时,从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构,宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。
如:
Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.
2.当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时,从句可简化为不定式结构。
如:
Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.
3.在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。
如:
CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?
→Canyoutellmehowtogettothestation?
中考真题演练
1.重庆A卷
---Doyouknow________?
---Letmesee.IrememberitwasonMarch18th.
A.whydidtheymovehere
B.whytheymovedhere
C.whendidtheymovehere
D.whentheymovedhere
2.山东烟台
---Doyouknow_______?
---Perhapstomorrow,butI’mnotsure.
A.howwe’llgotothemuseum
B.whichplacewe’llvisitnextSunday
C.whenwe’lltraveltoDisneyLand
D.whyhewon’tcomehere
3.四川自贡
----Howaboutbuyinganiphone6sforyourbirthday?
----Oh,it’smaybetooexpensive,Dad.Doyouknow______?
A.howmuchitcosts
B.howmuchdoesitcost
C.howmuchitcost
4.四川成都
-----Couldyoutellme_______?
-----Mylifeisnotwhatitusedtobe.
A.whatyouthinkofyourself
B.howyoulikeyourpresentlife
C.whatyourlifeislikeafteryoubecamefamous
5.山东临沂
----Excuseme,doyouknow_____yesterday?
---Sure.Itclosedat6:
00p.m.yesterday.
A.whenthebookstorecloses
B.whendoesthebookstoreclose
C.whenthebookstoreclosed
D.whendidthebookstoreclose
6.福建福州
----Mr.Black,couldyoutellme_____?
-----At10:
00tomorrowmorning.
A.wherewe’llgohiking.
B.whenwe’llhaveameeting
C.whetheryouwillcometomaybirthdayparty
7.湖南株洲
Doyouknowwhen______today.
A.isthebookstoreclosed
B.doesthebookstoreclose
C.thebookstorecloses
8.四川宜宾
Wemustremember______.
A.whatourteachersaid
B.whatdidourteachersay
C.whathasourteachersaid
9.江苏南京
---Areyougoingcampingthisafter?
---Atyphooniscoming.I’mnotsure_____theroadtothemountainwillbeclosed.
A.whichB.what
C.whetherD.why
10.湖南衡阳
Myneighboraskedme_____Iheardthebignoiselastnightornot.
A.whetherB.ifC.what
11.天津
----Couldyoutellme_____you’llgotoParis?
----Nextmonth.
A.whyB.where
C.whenD.how
12.山东菏泽
----Excuseme,butcouldyoupleasetellme______?
---Sure.
A.whereistherestroom
B.whenthestoreopens
C.whattimedoesitbegin
13.山东德州
----Excuseme.I’dliketotakeexercisebutI’mnewhere.Couldyoupleasetellme_____?
----Followme.I’lltakeyouthere.
A.howIcangettotheairport B.wherethesupermarketis
C.howtogettothepolicestation
D.whichisthewaytothesportscenter
14.山东滨州
----Whatdidyourfathersaytoyoujustnow?
----Heaskedme_______.
A.thatIwouldliketoseeamovie
B.whereIwillspendmyholiday
C.ifIenjoyedmyselfattheparty
D.whendidIattendthegraduationparty
15.四川达州
----Couldyoupleasetellme_____ZhangAiping’shometown?
----Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.
A.whenwillyouvisit
B.whenyouwillvisit
C.whyyouwillvisit
D.howyouwillvisit
16.四川攀枝花
Couldyoutellme______thebeautifulmobilephone?
Iwanttobuyone,too.
A.whendidyoubuy
B.whenyoubought
C.whereyoubought
D.wheredidyoubuy
17.重庆B卷
---IlikeSuperBrainverymuch.Doyouknow______onshow?
---At10:
00everyFridayevening.It’sagoodprogramtomakesciencepopular.
A.whereitisB.whereisit
C.whenitisD.whenisit
18.安徽
---Lookatthestonebridge.Doyouknow______itwasbuilt?
---Inthe1860s.Itisquiteold.
A.whenB.howC.whereD.why
19.四川广安
---Canyoutellme______?
---Sure.Forabout3weeks.
A.howlongThomashasboughtthebike
B.howlonghasThomasboughtthebike
C.howlongThomashashadthebike
D.howlonghasThomashadthebike
20.四川绵阳
----Couldyoutellme_____?
----Atnineo’clock,intenminutes.
A.howwillleave
B.whenhehasleft
C.whyheisleaving
D.whenhewillleave
21.新疆阜康、米泉
----Couldyoutellus_____thesportsmeeting?
----OnWednesdaythisweek.
A.wherewearegoingtohave
B.wherearewegoingtohave
C.whenwearegoingtohave
D.whenarewegoingtohave
22.江苏连云港
----WhatdidMaxjustsaytoyou?
----Heaskedme_____.
A.ifIwouldliketogoskating
B.whendidIbuythisCD
C.whereIwillspendtheweekend
D.thatIhadagoodtime
23.四川巴中
Iwonder______nextweek.Pleasecallmewhentheyreturn.
A.whentheywillcomeback
B.whenwilltheycomeback
C.whentheycomeback
24.四川南充
---Doyouknow_____?
---Sure.OnAugust5th,2016.
A.whenwillthe31stOlympicGamesopenB.wherewillthe31stOlympicGamesopen
C.whenthe31stOlympicGameswillopenD.wherethe31stOlympicGameswillopen
25.甘肃武威Itoldtheteacher_____Ihadseen.
A.whatB.which
C.whereD.that
26.甘肃武威
Couldyoupleasetellme______?
A.whereistheGrandHotel
B.whentheGrandHotelis
C.wheretheGrandHotelis
D.howistheGrandHotel
27.江苏盐城
----Iwonder______.
-----Yes,ofcourse.
A.whywewillvisitthismuseum
B.whenwewillgettothemuseum
C.whetherthemuseumisworthvisiting
D.whatwecanseeinthemuseum
28.山西
—IjustcamebackfromShanghaiDisneyland.Canyouguess_______?
—I’venoidea.Butitcan’tbecheap.I’veheardeverythingisveryexpensive.
A.howIcamebackhome
B.howmanydaysIstayedthere
C.howmuchIpaidfortheMickyMousetoy
29.湖南郴州
----David,lookatthemaninblackoverthere.Canyoutellme____?
----Heisanengineer.
A.whoishe
B.whoheis
C.whathedoes
30.江苏宿迁
---couldyoupleasetellme_______?
---OK.IwillgotoBeijingnextweek.
A.wherewillyougo
B.howyouwillgotoBeijing
C.whenyouwillgotoBeijing
D.whywillyougotoBeijing
答案
1--5DCACC;6--10BCACA;
11--15CBDCB;16---20CCACD;
21--25CAACA;26--30CCCCC
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