英语高二英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题含答案及解析.docx

英语高二英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题含答案及解析.docx

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英语高二英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题含答案及解析

【英语】高二英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题（含答案）及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Theyhavebeatenusatchess,andnowcomputersaretakingastepintoaveryhumanterritory:

thereadingcomprehensiontest,whichschoolchildreneverywherearesuffering.

   Alibabasaiditsartificialresearchoutperformedmeremortals（凡人）inaglobalreadingtestthatseeksanswerstosuchpressingquestionsas"whatwasNikolaTesla'sethnicity?

"and"howbigistheAmazonrainforest?

"

   LuoSireferredtothemachines'victoryas"amilestone".Hesaidthetechnologyhasmanyuses,fromcustomerservicetomuseumtutorialstomedicalenquires-someofwhicharealreadybeinghandledbychatbots（聊天机器人）globally.

   Inthetest,companiessubjectedtheirartificialintelligencesystemstoqueriesfromtheStanfordQuestionAnsweringDataset,whichassessedreadingcomprehension.Thecomputers'answerswerecomparedagainstaveragehumanresponsesandranked.

   TyingintopplacewereMicrosoft,theUSsoftwaregiant,andAlibaba,theChinesetechgroupthatbeganwithecommerceand--likeitspeersathomeandabroad---isploughingmorefundsintoAI,muchofitviaitsresearcharm.

   WhileMicrosoftandAlibabawonbytheslimmestofmargins---ataccuracylevelsafewbasispointsabovehumans'82.3percentinprovidingexactmatchestoquestions--thetieprovidedafittingsymboloftheAIarmsracebetweentheUSandChina.

   Chinaaimstouseitsvasttroves（宝库）ofdata,collectedfromits1.4billionpopulationincluding730millionwhoareonline,anddeeppocketstoovertaketheUSincreatinga$150billionindustrythatisseenasthenextindustrialrevolution.AIisalreadybeingharnessedineverythingfromdriverlesscarstocustomisingnewsfeeds.

   WhileChina'sdriveisbeingspearheadedbygovernment,itiscultivatinghomegrowntechgiantsincludingBaidu,AlibabaandTencenttoleapaheadoftheUS.

   BaidumadeanearlybetonAI,andisleadingitsrivalsinautonomousdriving.Tencent,whichboastsjustshyof1billionmonthlyactiveusersonitssocialmediaWeChatapp,andAlibabahaveadoptedAIinoperationssuchascustomizingnewsandads,andareinvestinginnewfields.

（1）WhatdoesLuoSithinkofAl'sperformanceinreadingcomprehension?

A.Hefeelsfrightenedatit.

B.Hehassomedoubtsaboutit.

C.Hethinkshighlyofit.

D.Heconsidersitworthatry.

（2）HowdidthereadingtestcarryonforAl?

A.Byallowingthemtointeractwithhumans.

B.Byaskingthemtoanswerquestions.

C.Bygivingthemquestionstoanalyze.

D.Bymakingthemcompetewithchatbots.

（3）WhatdoesChinadependontoleadinAl?

A.Thenewindustrialrevolution.

B.Thehugemarketof$150billionindustryinvestment.

C.Massivedatafromits1.4billionpopulationandhugeamountsoftreasure.

D.ThecooperationbetweenChinesegovernmentandMicrosoft.

（4）InwhichfielddoesBaidudobetterthanitsrivals?

A.Themedicalenquires.

B.Thecustomerservice.

C.Customernewsfeeds.

D.Thedriverlesscars.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能的发展。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第三段“LuoSireferredtothemachines'victoryas‘amilestone’.Hesaidthetechnologyhasmanyuses,fromcustomerservicetomuseumtutorialstomedicalenquires-someofwhicharealreadybeinghandledbychatbots（聊天机器人） globally.”可知司罗把机器取得的这个胜利称为一个里程碑，称该技术有很多用途，从客户服务、博物馆讲解，到医疗查询，其中一些在全球范围已经由聊天机器人处理。

他对人工智能评价很高，所以选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段“Inthetest,companiessubjectedtheirartificialintelligencesystemstoqueriesfromtheStanfordQuestionAnsweringDataset,whichassessedreadingcomprehension.Thecomputers'answerswerecomparedagainstaveragehumanresponsesandranked.”可知通过问问题，回答问题来检测人工智能，所以选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第七段中的“Chinaaimstouseitsvasttroves（宝库）ofdata,collectedfromits1.4billionpopulationincluding730millionwhoareonline,anddeeppocketstoovertaketheUSincreatinga$150billionindustrythatisseenasthenextindustrialrevolution.”可知中国力求利用来自其14亿人口（其中有7.3亿上网）的海量数据和雄厚财力，在创建被视为下一场工业革命的1500亿美元产业方面超越美国。

故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“BaidumadeanearlybetonAI,andisleadingitsrivalsinautonomousdriving.”可知XX在无人驾驶汽车的 技术方面领先其他竞争对手，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Plantsareboring.Theyjustsittherephotosynthesizing（光合作用）whileanimalshaveallthefun.Right?

Notsomuch.Anewstudyhasfoundthatthereisalonghistoryofinteractionsbetweenantsandplants.Theantandplantco-evolution（协同进化）startedwithantsfeedingonplantsandplantsevolvingant-friendlyfeatures.

   Plantsmakeanumberofdifferentstructuresthatarespecificforantuse.Someplantshaveevolvedfeaturesthatpersuadeantsintodefendingthemfromattackfromotherinsectsandevenmаmmаlѕ.Тhеѕеіnсludеhollowthornsthatаntѕwillliveіnѕіdе,orехtranесtаr（琼浆）оnlеаvеѕorstemsfortheantstoeat.Someantswilljustcheatandtakethenectarandrun,butsomewillstickaroundandattackanythingthattriestohurttheplant.Otherplantsgetantstohelpthemmovetheirseedsaround,byprovidingthemwithrichfoodpacketsattachedtotheseeds.Theantwillpickuptheseedandcarryitaway,eatthefoodpacket,andleavetheseed-ofteninanutrient-richareawhereit'llgrowbetter,andsinceit'sfartherawayfromitsparent,theywon'thavetocompeteforresources.

   Butscientistsweren'tsurehowtheevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenantsandplantsgotstarted.Ifevolutionisanarmsracebetweenspeciesdevelopingwaystomakeuseoftheirneighbors,thenscientistswantedtoknowwhetherplantsorantsfiredthefirstshot.Itwasachicken-and-eggquestion,whetherthingsstartedwithantsdevelopingbehaviorstotakeadvantageofplants,orplantsevolvingstructurestotakeadvantageofants.

   Thehistoryofantsandplantsevolvingtogethergoesbacktothetimeofthedinosaurs,andit'snoteasytotellfromfossilswhofiredthefirstshot.However,itisaquestionoflittlesignificance.Scientistssaytheirstudymatersbecauseitprovidesalookathowthesewidespreadandcomplexinteractionsevolved.

（1）Someplantsattachfoodpacketstotheirseedsinorderto       .

A.rewardtheants

B.makeafoolofants

C.providenutritionfortheseeds

D.gettheseedsmovedaround

（2）WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?

A.Howplantsandantsinteract.

B.Whatantsdotoprotectplants.

C.Howplantsandantssurviveattacks.

D.Whyplantsandantsneedco-evolution.

（3）Whichistrueabouttheevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenantsandplants?

A.Antsdependedmoreuponplants.

B.Itcausedaraceforbetterevolution.

C.Howitgotstartedwasuncertain.

D.Itwasoflittlevalueforfuturestudies.

（4）What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.Tointroduceascienceresearchmethod.

B.Toinformreadersofalatestresearchfinding

C.Toarousereaders'interestinscienceresearch.

D.Tocriticizepeople'straditionalviewsaboutplants.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究发现，蚂蚁和植物之间的互动有着悠久的历史。

蚂蚁和植物的共同进化始于蚂蚁以植物为食，植物进化出对蚂蚁友好的特征。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Otherplantsgetantstohelpthemmovetheirseedsaround,byprovidingthemwithrichfoodpacketsattachedtotheseeds.”其他植物让蚂蚁帮助它们移动种子，方法是在种子上附加丰富的食物包。

故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Plantsmakeanumberofdifferentstructuresthatarespecificforantuse.”植物有许多不同的结构，这些结构是专门为蚂蚁使用的；以及“Someantswilljustcheatandtakethenectarandrun,butsomewillstickaroundandattackanythingthattriestohurttheplant.Otherplantsgetantstohelpthemmovetheirseedsaround,byprovidingthemwithrichfoodpacketsattachedtotheseeds.”，有些蚂蚁会偷取花蜜逃跑，但有些会留下来攻击任何试图伤害植物的东西。

其他植物让蚂蚁帮助它们移动种子，方法是在种子上附加丰富的食物包。

可知，第二段主要讲了植物和蚂蚁如何互动，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“Butscientistsweren'tsurehowtheevolutionaryrelationshipbetweenantsandplantsgotstarted.”但是科学家们并不确定蚂蚁和植物之间的进化关系是如何开始的。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Anewstudyhasfoundthatthereisalonghistoryofinteractionsbetweenantsandplants.”一项新的研究发现，蚂蚁和植物之间的互动有着悠久的历史。

是全文的主题句，由此推断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是告知读者最新的研究结果，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   AcallcameintoJimmyGilleece'sbar.Anewlymarriedwoman,whohadspenttheafternoonathisbar,couldn'tfindherwallet.Shedidn'tcareaboutherID,creditcards,or150incash-butherweddingringwasinside.

   Gilleece,42,didn'tliketheideathatatheftcouldhaveoccurredathisplace.Sohedeterminedtofindthewallet.Hespenthoursonvideosfromsurveillance（监控）cameras,watchingthewoman'severystepinthebar.Withinminutes,ayoungmanapproachedthebar,putsomethinginhispocket,andwalkedoff.

   Gilleecepostedaclip（视频片段）onthebar'sFacebookpagetofindoutwhotheyoungmanwas.Withinhours,Gilleecegotatextfrom17-year-oldRiversPrather,whosaidhe'ddoneitbecausehehadn'teatenintwodays.Hesaidhesawtheringbutthoughtitwasfake,sohetookthemoneyandthrewthewalletintotheocean.Thenheboughtasandwich.

   Gilleecetoldtheteentomeethimatthedocks（码头）.TheretheytalkedalotandGilleeceknewthatPratherwasfromapoorfamily.Seeingtheteenager'ssmallbuild,Gilleecethoughthewasmoreofakidthanacriminal.However,becauseofthemissingring,Prathercouldbeputintoprison.

   Gilleecedecidedtohelpthekid.Hehiredtwolocaldiverstosearchthewaterswherethewallethadbeenthrown.Morethananhourpassed,withnosignofthering.Gilleecegrewworried.Andthenadiverpoppedup.Inhishandwasthewallet,andinsidewasthering.WhenGilleececalledthewallet'sowner,sheburstintotearsandimmediatelydroppedthechargeagainstPratherforstealingthering.

（1）Whatdidthewomanvaluemostinherwallet?

A.HerID.

B.Hercreditcards.

C.Her