广东省广州市荔湾区学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题含详解.docx
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广东省广州市荔湾区学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题含详解.docx
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广东省广州市荔湾区学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题含详解
2019年5月
2018——2019学年第一学期期末教学质量检测
高二英语
试卷分第Ⅰ卷(客观题)和第Ⅱ卷(主观题)两部分。
试卷共8页,卷面满分135分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答题前,考生务必在答题卡上用黑色钢笔或签字笔填写自己的学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号和考生号,再用2B铅笔把考生号的标号涂黑。
2.全部答案必须在答题卡上完成,答在本试卷上无效。
3.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案;答案不能答在试卷上。
4.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在另发的答题卷各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后,将答题卡交回。
第Ⅰ卷(满分70分)
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,共20小题,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
(A)
Ifirstbeganexperiencinganxietyanddepressionattheageof14,afterbeingbullied(欺凌)atschoolforyears.Whileatfirstanxietyanddepressionwouldcomeandgo,iteventuallybecameaconstantpartofmylife.
IwassoeagertofindthesolutiontoovercomingmyanxietyanddepressionthatItriedeverythingfromwhenIwasincollegetograduateschool:
mood-changingmedication,specialteas,yoga,anythingIreadaboutinbooks,andadvicegivenbydoctors.Despitethis,IstillfeltIhadn’tevencomeclosetomanagingtheproblem.
Butoneafternoon,myeyesfelluponanarticleinamagazineIwasreadingthattalkedabouthowdogswereabletohelppeoplewithanxietyanddepression.Theverynextday,Idecidedtogetadog—acorgi.WhenIbroughtmylittlecorgi,Buddy,home.Ididn’trealizehowmuchhewouldchangemylife.Itdidn’thappenrightaway,however.
Oncethe“puppyexcitement”wentaway,myanxietyanddepressioncamebackasusual.Onemorning,Iwokeupwiththosefamiliarfeelingagain.Ididn’twanttogetoutofbed.Iturnedtopullthecoversbackovermyheadandgiveup.That’swhenIsawBuddy.
Buddystartedjumpingalloverme,lickingmyface,lettingmeknowthatitwastimetogooutside.Itwasasifheweresaying,“There’snotimetobesad;theworldisamazing!
”Andforthefirsttimeinmylife,mylifewaschanging.Ireallywasanewperson.Thiswasmynewbeginning.
It’sbeenmorethanayearsincethatday,andI’veneverspentanothermorningunabletogetoutofbed.I’venotcriedmyselftosleeporspentmydaysstuckwithfearandregret.Sure,IstillhavedayswhenIfeelsadoranxious.ButwithBuddy,mybestfriend,bymyside,I’vefinallylearnedhowtomanagethesefeelingsandemotions.
1.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,theauthor________.
A.hasbeenaschoolbullyforyears
B.sufferedfromdepressionsincecollege
C.triedmanywaystofightdepressionbutnothingworked
D.feltlessdepressedaftertakingmedicationanddoingyoga
2.Howdidtheauthorknowhavingadogmighthelpwithherdepression?
A.adoctorputitforwardtoher.
B.Shereaditinanarticlebychance.
C.Shehearditfromsomeotherdepressionsufferers.
D.Shefoundoutherselfafterspendingsometimewithacorgi.
3.Howdoestheauthorfeelinthelastparagraph?
A.hopefulB.Anxious
C.ConfusedD.Doubtful
【答案】1.C2.B3.A
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在学校被欺负后开始焦虑和抑郁,偶然在一篇文章中作者了解到宠物狗可能是治疗抑郁的好办法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“IwassoeagertofindthesolutiontoovercomingmyanxietyanddepressionthatItriedeverythingfromwhenIwasincollegetograduateschool”及“Despitethis,IstillfeltIhadn’tevencomeclosetomanagingtheproblem.”可知,作者尝试很多方法来处理抑郁,但都不起作用,故C项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第三段中的“Butoneafternoon,myeyesfelluponanarticleinamagazineIwasreadingthattalkedabouthowdogswereabletohelppeoplewithanxietyanddepression.”可知,作者是偶然在一篇文章中了解到宠物狗可能有助于缓解抑郁症的,故B项正确。
【3题详解】
观点态度题。
根据最后一段中的“Sure,IstillhavedayswhenIfeelsadoranxious.ButwithBuddy,mybestfriend,bymyside,I’vefinallylearnedhowtomanagethesefeelingsandemotions.”可知,虽然作者有时还会感到悲伤或焦虑,但有最好的朋友巴迪在身边,作者终于学会了如何处理这些情绪,由此可知作者对处理抑郁是感到有希望的,故A项正确。
【点睛】一些表示转折关系的句子往往会体现出作者对某事的态度,例如本篇第3题,根据最后一段中的“Sure,IstillhavedayswhenIfeelsadoranxious.ButwithBuddy,mybestfriend,bymyside,I’vefinallylearnedhowtomanagethesefeelingsandemotions.”可知,虽然作者有时还会感到悲伤或焦虑,但有最好的朋友巴迪在身边,作者终于学会了如何处理这些情绪,由此可知作者对处理抑郁是感到有希望的。
(B)
Britishscientistshavediscoveredthewillowtreesplantedatananglecouldincreasesugarsforbiofuelproduction.
Willowisafast-growingspecies.Itisalreadyusedtoproducefuelsfortherenewableheatingandpowermarket.Infutureitcouldalsohelptoproducebiofueltopowervehicles.Ithasbeenknownthatwhenwillowsgrowinginthewildareblownsideways,theytendtoproducemoresugars.Butforawhileithasnotbeenknownwhythishappens.
ResearchersatImperialCollegeLondon,ledbyDrNicholasBreretonandDrMichaelRayoftheDepartmentofLifeSciences,havenowsolvedthemystery.Whenthetreeisblownsideways,itsgenes(基因)producelargenumbersofsugarmolecules(分子)tostraightenthetreeupwards.
“Thisisanimportantbreakthrough.Ourstudynowshowsthatnaturalgeneticchangesarerelatedtothesedifferences.Andthiscouldwellbethekeytounlockingthefutureforgreenenergyfromwillow,”saidDrBrereton.
Theresearchwascarriedoutunderlabconditions.Thewillowsweregrownatanangleof45degrees.Theywerecomparedtowillowswhichgrownaturallystraightupwards.TheteamthenlookedforthesameeffectamongthewillowsgrowingontheIsleofOrkneywherestrongwindscausethetreestobendatextremeangles.TheydiscoveredthattheOrkneytreesproducefivetimestheamountofsugarsfoundinwillowsgrowninshelteredconditions.
WillowiswidelyplantedacrosstheUK.Theresultsshowthatbiofuelcropssuchaswillowscouldbegrowninclimaticallychangeableconditionswherechancesofgrowingfoodcropsarelimited.
ThestudyispublishedinBiotechnologyforBiofuels.
4.Whatmayhappenwhenwillowsareplantedinstrongwinds?
A.Theystopgrowing.B.Fewsugarsareproduced.
C.Theytrytogrowsideways.D.Changesingenestakeplace.
5.TheOrkneywillows________.
A.areunusuallyrichinsugarsB.grownaturallystraightupward
C.looktallerthanordinarywillowsD.arestrongerthanthosegrowinginlabs
6.Farmerslivinginchangeableclimate_______.
A.usebiofuelforheatingandpowerB.areencouragedtogrowbiofuelcrops
C.canplantdifferentkindsoffoodcropsD.shouldmaketheirwillowsgrowstraight
7.Wheredoesthispassagemostprobablycomefrom?
A.Apersonaldiary.B.Atravelmagazine.
C.Ascientificjournal.D.Anewspaperadvertisement.
【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文,介绍了科学家通过研究发现倾斜种植的柳树可以增加生物燃料生产所需的糖分。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第三段中的“Whenthetreeisblownsideways,itsgenes(基因)producelargenumbersofsugarmolecules(分子)tostraightenthetreeupwards.”及“Ourstudynowshowsthatnaturalgeneticchangesarerelatedtothesedifferences.”可知,当杨柳被吹倾斜时,它的基因会产生大量的糖分子,使树向上伸直,也就是在大风中种植杨柳的基因会发生变化,故D项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段中的“TheydiscoveredthattheOrkneytreesproducefivetimestheamountofsugarsfoundinwillowsgrowninshelteredconditions.”可知,奥克尼柳树生产的糖分是在遮风挡雨条件下生长的柳树的五倍,也就是非常富含糖分,故A项正确。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“Theresultsshowthatbiofuelcropssuchaswillowscouldbegrowninclimaticallychangeableconditionswherechancesofgrowingfoodcropsarelimited”可知,结果表明,生物燃料科作物可以在气候多变、粮食作物生长机会有限的条件下种植,由此可知,生活在气候多变地区的农民被鼓励种植燃料科作物,故B项正确。
【7题详解】
文章出处题。
通读全文,特别是根据第一段可知,本文主要介绍了科学家通过研究发现倾斜种植的柳树可以增加生物燃料生产所需的糖分,属于科学研究范畴,最有可能出现在科学杂志上,故C项正确。
【点睛】文章出处题需要根据文章话题来判断文章来源,因此抓住文章主题句是关键,科普说明文的特点是开篇就点明主题,根据第一段“Britishscientistshavediscoveredthewillowtreesplantedatananglecouldincreasesugarsforbiofuelproduction.”可知,本文主要介绍了科学家通过研究发现倾斜种植的柳树可以增加生物燃料生产所需的糖分,属于科学研究范畴,最有可能出现在科学杂志上。
(C)
Haveyoueverrunintoacarelesscellphoneuseronthestreet?
Perhapstheywerebusytalking,textingorcheckingupdatesonWeChatwithoutlookingatwhatwasgoingonaroundthem.Asthenumberofthisnew“species”ofhumanhaskeptrising,theyhavebeengivenanewname—phubbers(低头族).
Recently,acartooncreatedbystudentsfromChinaCentralAcademyofFineArtsputthisgroupofpeopleunderthespotlight.Intheshortfilm,phubberswithvarioussocialidentitiesburythemselvesintheirphones.adoctorplayswithhiscellphonewhilelettinghispatientdie,aprettywomantakesselfeinfrontofacaraccidentsite,andafatherloseshischildwithoutknowingaboutitwhileusinghismobilephone,achainofsimilareventseventuallyleadstoaseriesofdestruction.
Althoughtheendingsoundsoverstated,thedamagephubbingcanbringisreal.
Yourhealthisthefirsttobeartheconsequence(后果)ofit.“Constantlybendingyourheadtocheckyourcellphonecoulddamageyourneck,”GuangmingDailyquoteddoctorsassaying.“Theneckislikearopethatbreaksafterlong-termstretching.”Also,staringatcellphonesforlongperiodsoftimewilldamageyoureyesightgradually,accordingtothereport.
Butthat’snotall.Beingaphubbercouldalsodamageyoursocialskillsanddriveyouawayfromyourfriendsandfamily.Atreunionswithfamilyorfriends,manypeopletendtosticktotheircellphoneswhileothersarechattinghappilywitheachotherandthiscreatesastrangeatmosphere,QiluEveningNewsreported.
Itcanalsocostyouyourlife.Therehavebeenlotsofreportsonphubberswhofelltotheirdeath,sufferedaccidents,andwererobbedoftheircellphonesinbroaddaylight.
8.ForwhatpurposedoestheauthorgivetheexampleofacartooninPara.2?
A.Toadvertisethecartoonmadebystudents.
B.Toinformpeopleofthebadeffectsofphubbing.
C.Toshowtheworldwillfinallybedestroyedbyphubbers.
D.Towarndoctorsagainstusingcellphoneswhiletreatingpatients.
9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTariskaphubbermaytake?
A.Hissocialskillscouldbeaffected.
B.Hewillcausealotofdestruction.
C.Hisneckandeyesightwillbegraduallyharmed.
D.Hemightgetseparatedfromhisfriendsandfamily.
10.Whichofthefollowingmay
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