单元质量检测二.docx
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单元质量检测二.docx
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单元质量检测二
单元质量检测
(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
HiddenLondon:
thecity'slesserknowndelights
DulwichPictureGallery
AsmuchanexcusetoenjoythevillagecharmsofDulwichVillageastoadmiresomedelicateEuropeanmasterworks,thisgalleryisasoutheastLondoncharmer,whichwasfoundedin1811.Joinafreeguidedtourtothepermanentcollection(3pmSaturdayandSunday),catchthelatesttemporaryexhibitionandadmirethelovelygarden(open1:
30pmto3:
30pmTuesdays).
Were:
GalleryRdSE217AD
Train:
WestDulwich
TempleChurch
FeaturinginthenovelTheDaVinciCodeanddatingbacktothelate12thcentury,thisisoneofLondon'soldestandholiestmedieval(中世纪的)treasures.BuiltbytheKnightsTemplar,thechurchisdividedintotheRound—whichcontainsthestatuesofcrusadingknights,whotriedtorecovertheHolyLandfromtheMuslimsintheMiddleAges—andtheChancel,wherethepriests(牧师)andsingersperforminginchurchservicessit.
Where:
TempleEC4Y7DE
Underground:
TempleorBlackfriars
ChelseaPhysicGarden
Endlesslysatisfyingthegreenfingered,theplaincuriousorthoseeagertodiscoverbotanical(植物学的)interestsincentralLondon,thisdelightfulwalledgardenwasfoundedbytheApothecaries'Societyinthe17thcenturyandisoneoftheoldestbotanicalgardensinLondon.
Where:
66RoyalHospitalRdSW34HS
Underground:
SloaneSquare
EstorickCollectionofModernItalianArt
Builtbetween1953and1958,theEstorickisBritain'sonlygallerydevotedtoItalianart.ItdrawstogetherafascinatingcollectionofFuturistmasterpiecesfromUmbertoBoccioni,GiacomoBalla,CarloCarraandothers,whoemphasizedtheimportanceofmodernthings,especiallytechnologyandmachines.
Where:
39aCanonburySqN12AN
Underground:
Highbury&Islington
1.WhencanyoufollowafreeguidetovisitDulwichPictureGallery?
A.3pmonSunday. B.3:
30pmonTuesday.
C.1:
30pmonTuesday.D.1:
30pmonSaturday.
解析:
选A 细节理解题。
根据第一部分中的“Joinafreeguidedtourtothepermanentcollection(3pmSaturdayandSunday)”可知,每周六、日的下午3点可以跟着免费导游参观达利奇美术馆。
2.Whereshouldyougoifyouhaveaninterestinplants?
A.GalleryRdSE217AD.
B.TempleEC4Y7DE.
C.66RoyalHospitalRdSW34HS.
D.39aCanonburySqN12AN.
解析:
选C 细节理解题。
根据第三部分中的“greenfingered;botanical(植物学的)interests;delightfulwalledgarden”及“oneoftheoldestbotanicalgardens”可知,如果对植物感兴趣的话应该去切尔西草药园,其地址为66RoyalHospitalRdSW34HS。
3.IfyouwanttoenjoyItalianart,youmaygetoffat.
A.WestDulwich B.Blackfriars
C.SloaneSquareD.Highbury
解析:
选D 细节理解题。
根据最后一部分中的“theEstorickisBritain'sonlygallerydevotedtoItalianart”可知,如果对意大利艺术感兴趣的话应该去艾斯托力克现代意大利艺术馆,乘坐地铁在Highbury或Islington下车。
B
WhenIwasasmallboy,Inoticedthatthoughmanyoftheadultsaroundmewerewealthyandeducated,theywerenotalwayshappyandthissometimesledthemtobehaveinways,whichI,asachild,thoughtstrange.Asaresultofthat,Idecidedtotrytounderstandwhathappinesswasandhowbesttoachieveit.Itwasnotsurprising,then,thatIdecidedtostudypsychology.
Onarrivalattheuniversity,Iwasdisappointedtofindthatacademicpsychologistsweretryingtounderstandhumanbehaviourbystudyingratsinalab.Ifeltthattheremustbeothermoreusefulwaysoflearninghowwethinkandfeel.Idecidedtobuildmycareerontryingtodiscoverwhatmadeothershappy.Istartedoutbystudyingcreativepeoplesuchasmusicians,artistsandathletesbecausetheywerepeoplewhodevotedtheirlivestodoingwhattheywantedtodo,ratherthanthingsthatjustbroughtthemfinancialrewards.
Later,Iexpandedthestudybyinventingasystemcalled“theexperiencesamplingmethod”.Ordinarypeoplewereaskedtokeepanelectronicpager(传呼机)foraweekwhichgaveoutabeepingsoundeighttimesaday.Everytimeitdidso,theywrotedownwheretheywere,whattheyweredoing,howtheyfeltandhowmuchtheywereconcentrating.Thissystemhasnowbeenusedonmorethan10,000people,andtheanswersareconsistent:
aswithcreativepeople,ordinarypeoplearehappiestwhenconcentratinghard.
Ifoundthatthemostobviouscauseofhappinessisintenseconcentration.Thismustbethemainreasonwhyactivitiessuchasmusic,art,literature,sportsandotherformsofleisurehavesurvived.Inordertoconcentrate,whetheryou'rereadingapoemorbuildingasandcastle,whatyouneedisachallengethatmatchesyourability.Thewaytoremaincontinuallyhappy,therefore,istokeepfindingnewopportunitiestoimproveyourskills.Thismaymeanlearningtodoyourjobbetterorfaster,ordoingothermoredifficultjobs.Asyougrowolder,youhavetofindnewchallengeswhicharemoreappropriatetoyourage.
4.Whatledtheauthortostudypsychology?
A.Hisdeterminationtobecomerich.
B.Hisobservationofadults.
C.Hisunhappychildhood.
D.Hisinterestinstrangers.
解析:
选B 推理判断题。
第一段提到作者小时候看到周围富有且受过教育的成年人并不快乐,因而决定找到使人们获得快乐的途径,由此可推断:
他对成年人的观察促使他学了心理学。
5.Whoweretheauthor'sstudysubjectsatthestartofhiscareer?
A.Peoplehavingdeepaffectionfortheircareer.
B.Peopleveryawareoftheirpersonallife.
C.Peoplesuccessfulinacquiringwealth.
D.Peoplewithmorefreedom.
解析:
选A 推理判断题。
由第二段中的“Istartedoutbystudying...whodevotedtheirlivestodoingwhattheywantedtodo”可知,作者认为他选择的研究对象是热爱自己事业的一群人。
6.Theauthorusedhissystemtoshowthat.
A.people'shappinessdependsonwhotheyarewith
B.peoplearehappierwhentheyfocusonanactivity
C.creativepeoplearehappierthanordinarypeople
D.ordinarypeoplefindithardtoconcentrate
解析:
选B 细节理解题。
由第三段中的“aswithcreativepeople,ordinarypeoplearehappiestwhenconcentratinghard”可知,作者采取经验取样法研究发现:
普通人和有创造性的人一样,他们在集中精神做事情的时候最快乐。
7.Accordingtothetext,peopleconcentratemostwhentheyaredoing.
A.somethingstrangeandenjoyable
B.somethingdifficultbutpossible
C.thingsappropriatetotheirages
D.manythingsatthesametime
解析:
选B 推理判断题。
由最后一段中的“intenseconcentration”及“challengethatmatchesyourability”等可知,人们在做具有一定难度但又是自己能力所及的事情时精神最集中。
C
Mistakesareapartoflife.Toerrishuman.Failureisalsoapartoflife,nottheendoflife.Behappywhenfacinglife'schallenges.Whenyoumaketheefforttobehappyandtoimproveyourlife,youareactuallyrewardedalongtheway.
Lifeislikeagameandmaybeyoucanaward(奖励)pointsforeveryeffortthathasbeenasuccessforyou.Tryit.Addtenpointsforeveryachievement.Andwhenyouhavereached50points,justyell,“Hey,I'vewon!
”andgiveyourselfareward.Ifyouhappentohavemissedyourpointsforwhateverreason,tellyourself,“Well,I'vetried!
Itisbetterthannottryingatall.”Don'tletitbesaidyoudidn'ttry.
Whatisitthatyouwanttomakeyourselfhappy?
Actuallyhappinessmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Forexample,anathletewillbehappywhenwinninghisfirstrace.Foranewmotherhappinesswouldbeseeingherbaby'sfirststeps.Happinessforapoorpersonwouldmeanhavingamealjustfortoday.Sohappinessforyouisreallysomethingsimplethatyouwantforyourself.
Itreallydoesn'thavetobebig.Asamatteroffactyoushouldalwayshaverealisticexpectations.Makethebestoutofeverygivensituation.Ifyouexpectacertainresultfromasituationanditdoesnothappen,don'tgetdespondent.Thisjustmeanstryinghardernexttime.Weallhaveinourselvesthepowertosucceed.Don'tlet“giveup”beapartofyourvocabulary.
语篇解读:
本文是一篇充满哲理的小品文,提醒人们在面对失败、痛苦时应该采取积极乐观的态度,并告诫人们要知道“人非圣贤,孰能无过”,要坦然面对失败和错误,要努力去获得快乐和幸福。
8.Bysaying“Toerrishuman”,theauthormeansthat.
A.humanbeingsshouldtrytoavoidmakingmistakes
B.nooneisperfectandeveryonemakesmistakes
C.mistakesandfailuremakeupourlife
D.humanbeingsmakemistakeseasily
解析:
选B 细节理解题。
根据文章首段中的“Mistakesareapartoflife.”可知,错误是人生的一部分,人人都会犯错,故选B。
9.What'sthemainideaofParagraph2?
A.Trytoreach50points.
B.Neverstoptryinginyourlife.
C.Awardyourselfforyoursuccess.
D.Don'tbeafraidofmissingyourpoints.
解析:
选C 段落大意题。
在第二段中作者建议人们取得成就的时候要给自己奖励,没有实现目标时要安慰自己“努力过了”,所以根据内容判断“Lifeislikeagameandmaybeyoucanaward(奖励)pointsforeveryeffortthathasbeenasuccessforyou.”为本段主旨句,由此可知选C。
10.TheauthorproveshisideainParagraph3through.
A.examplesB.numbers
C.experimentsD.stories
解析:
选A 推理判断题。
作者首先提出本段中心“Actuallyhappinessmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.”,然后举例说明“Forexample...”,由此判断作者在本段中使用了例证的方法,故选A。
11.Theunderlinedword“despondent”inthelastparagraphmeans“”.
A.frightenedB.disappointed
C.surprisedD.excited
解析:
选B 词义猜测题。
根据画线词前的内容“Ifyouexpectacertainresultfromasituationanditdoesnothappen”可以推断如果期望的结果没有发生,人们会感到沮丧或者失望,故选B。
D
It'sbeensaidthatthelinebetweenchildhoodandadulthoodiscrossedwhenwemovefromsaying“Itgotlost”to“Ilostit”.
Indeed,beingresponsible—understandingandacceptingtheroleourchoicesplayinthethingsthathappen—isaveryimportantsignofemotionalandmoralmaturity(情感和道德成熟).That'swhyresponsibilityisoneofthemainpartsofagoodcharacter.
ManypeoplehavebeenattractedbythePeterPanphilosophyofrefusingtogrowupandavoidingtheburdens(负担)impliedinbeingresponsible.Yes,responsibilitysometimesrequiresustodothingsthatareunpleasantorevenfrightening.Itasksustocarryourownweight,prepareandsetgoals,anddothetrainingofthemindandcharactertorealizeourdreams.
Butthebenefitsofacceptingresponsibilityisfarmoreimportantthantheshortlivedadvantagesofrefusingtodoso.Noonemakeshisorherlifebetterbyavoidingresponsibility.Infact,irresponsibilityisaformofburdenyouhavemadeforyourself—tocircumstancesandtootherpeople.
Responsibilityisaboutourabilitytorespondtocircumstancesandtochoosethe
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