全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟试题.docx

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟试题.docx

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全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟试题

2007年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟试题

预测试卷一

SectionIUseofEnglish

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Thebasicfunctionofmoneyistheenablebuyingtobeseparatedfromselling,thuspermittingtradetotakeplacewithoutthesocalleddoublecoincidenceofbarter.Ifapersonhassomethingtosellandwantssomethingelse1return,itisnotnecessarytosearchforsomeoneableand2tomakethedesiredexchangeofitems.Thepersoncansellthe3itemforgeneralpurchasingpower—thatis,“money”—toanyonewhowantstobuyitandthenusetheproceedstobuythedesireditemfromanyonewhowantstosellit.

Theimportanceofthisfunctionofmoneyis4illustratedbytheexperienceofGermanyjustafterWorldWarⅡ,5papermoneywas6largelyuselessbecause,despiteinflationaryconditions,pricecontrolswereeffectively7bytheAmerican,French,andBritisharmiesofoccupation.Peoplehadto8tobarterortoinefficientmoneysubstitutes.Theresultwastocuttotaloutputoftheeconomyinhalf.TheGerman“economicmiracle”justafter1948reflectedpartlyacurrencyreformbytheoccupationauthorities,9someeconomistsholdthatitstemmedprimarilyfromtheGermangovernment’s10ofallpricecontrols,11permittingamoneyeconomyto12abartereconomy.

13oftheactofsalefromtheactofpurchase14theexistenceofsomethingthatwillbegenerallyacceptedinpayment—thisisthe“15ofexchange”functionofmoney.Buttheremustalsobesomethingthatcanserveasa16abodeofpurchasingpower,inwhichthesellerholdstheproceedsintheinterim17thefirstsaleandthe18purchase,orfromwhichthebuyercan19thegeneralpurchasingpowerwithwhichtopay20whatisbought.Thisisthe“asset”functionofmoney.

1.［A］on［B］in［C］by［D］for

2.［A］capable［B］likely［C］desirable［D］willing

3.［A］excess［B］extra［C］surplus［D］ample

4.［A］dramatically［B］urgently［C］faithfully［D］incidentally

5.［A］when［B］before［C］since［D］until

6.［A］developed［B］reserved［C］rendered［D］imagined

7.［A］encouraged［B］enlarged［C］endured［D］enforced

8.［A］conform［B］resort［C］commit［D］gear

9.［A］and［B］but［C］therefore［D］however

10.［A］deprivation［B］stimulation［C］elimination［D］restriction

11.［A］thereby［B］therefore［C］then［D］while

12.［A］alternate［B］establish［C］substitute［D］replace

13.［A］Introduction［B］Specification［C］Representation［D］Separation

14.［A］assumes［B］requires［C］focuses［D］undertakes

15.［A］medium［B］function［C］role［D］nature

16.［A］fashionable［B］favorable［C］temporary［D］token

17.［A］both［B］for［C］between［D］after

18.［A］consequent［B］relevant［C］inadequate［D］subsequent

19.［A］execute［B］extract［C］exceed［D］exchange

20.［A］for［B］off［C］back［D］in

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Tworelatedparadoxesalsoemergefromthesamebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience.ThefirstwasgivenextendedconsiderationbyHegel,whoarguedroughlyasfollows:

oursensuousattentionandthatgivestotheworkofartitspeculiarindividuality.Becauseitaddressesitselftooursensoryappreciation,theworkofartisessentiallyconcrete,tobeunderstoodbyanactofperceptionratherthanbyaprocessofdiscursivethought.

Atthesametime,ourunderstandingoftheworkofartisinpartintellectual;weseekinitaconceptualcontent,whichitpresentstousintheformofanidea.Onepurposeofcriticalinterpretationistoexpoundthisideaindiscursiveform—togivetheequivalentofthecontentoftheworkofartinanother,nonsensuousidiom.Butcriticismcanneversucceedinthistask,for,byseparatingthecontentfromtheparticularform,itabolishesitsindividuality.Thecontentpresentedthenceasestobetheexactcontentofthatworkofart.Inlosingitsindividuality,thecontentlosesitsaestheticreality;itthusceasestobeareasonforattendingtotheparticularworkandthatfirstattractedourcriticalattention.Itcannotbethisthatwesawintheoriginalworkandthatexplaineditspoweroverus.

Forthiscontent,displayedinthediscursiveidiomofthecriticalintellect,isnomorethanahusk,adiscardedrelicofameaningthateludedusintheactofseizingit.Ifthecontentistobethetrueobjectofaestheticinterest,itmustremainweddedtoitsindividuality:

itcannotbedetachedfromits“sensuousembodiment”withoutbeingdetachedfromitself.Contentis,therefore,inseparablefromformandforminturninseparablefromcontent.（Itistheformthatitisonlybyvirtueofthecontentthatitembodies.）

Hegel’sargumentisthearchetypeofmany,allaimedatshowingthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformfromcontentandalsoimpossibletodoso.Thisparadoxmayberesolvedbyrejectingeitherofitspremises,but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable.Tosupposethatcontentandformareinseparableis,ineffect,todismissbothideasasillusory,sincenotwoworksofartcanthenshareeitheracontentoraform-theformbeingdefinitiveofeachwork’sindividuality.

Inthiscase,noonecouldeverjustifyhisinterestinaworkofartbyreferencetoitsmeaning.Theintensityofaestheticinterestbecomesapuzzling,andultimatelyinexplicable,featureofourmentallife.If,ontheotherhand,weinsistthatcontentandformareseparable,weshallneverbeabletofind,throughastudyofcontent,thereasonforattendingtotheparticularworkofartthatintriguesus.Everyworkofartstandsproxyforitsparaphrase.Animpassablegapthenopensbetweenaestheticexperienceanditsground,andtheclaimthataestheticexperienceisintrinsicallyvaluableisthrownindoubt.

21.Hegelarguedthat.

［A］itisoursensuousappreciationthatgivespeculiarindividualitytotheworkofart

［B］itisthecontentoftheworkofartthatholdsourattention

［C］theworkofartcannotbeunderstoodwithoutaprocessoflogicalthinking

［D］theformoftheworkofartiswhatoursensuousappreciationconcentrateson

22.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethat.

［A］theparadoxthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformcontentandalsoimpossibletodosocannotberesolvedbyrejectingitspremises

［B］bothcontentandformoftheworkofartareillusory

［C］thecontentandformoftheworkofartareseparable

［D］aestheticexperienceisnotintrinsicallyvaluable

23.WhichofthefollowingisNOTwhatHegelbelieved?

［A］Thecontentandformoftheworkofartcannotbeseparatedfromeachother.

［B］Thecontentoftheworkofartisalwaysthetrueobjectofaestheticinterest.

［C］Thecontentpresentedwithoutanyindividualityisnotthecontentoftheworkofart.

［D］Thecontentunderstoodbymeansofaprocessofdiscursivethoughtisnomorethanahusk.

24.Premisesthatarerelatedtoeachotherseemstobedispensablebecause.

［A］Kantthinkstheyareindispensable

［B］eitherofthemcanresolvetheparadox

［C］thepremisesareseparated

［D］thepremisescanaccountforthetheory

25.Thispassageismainlyabout.

［A］thesensuousappreciationofart

［B］thebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience

［C］howtoappreciatetheworkofart

［D］therelationshipbetweenformandcontentoftheworkofart

Text2

Everycountrywithamonetarysystemofitsownhastohavesomekindofmarketinwhichdealersinbills,notes,andotherformsofshorttermcreditcanbuyandsell.The“moneymarket”isasetofinstitutionsorarrangementsforhandlingwhatmightbecalledwholesaletransactionsinmoneyandshorttermcredit.Theneedforsuchfacilitiesarisesinmuchthesamewaythatasimilarneeddoesinconnectionwiththedistributionofanyoftheproductsofadiversifiedeconomytotheirfinalusersattheretaillevel.Iftheretaileristoprovidereasonablyadequateservicetohiscustomers,hemusthaveactivecontactswithotherswhospecializeinmakingorhandlingbulkquantitiesofwhateverishisstockintrade.Themoneymarketismadeupofspecializedfacilitiesofexactlythiskind.Itexistsforthepurposeofimprovingtheabilityoftheretailersoffinancialservices—commercialbanks,savingsinstitutions,investmenthouses,lendingagencies,andevengovernments—todotheirjob.Ithaslittleifanycontactwiththeindividualsorfirmswhomaintainaccountswiththesevariousretailersorpurchasetheirsecuritiesorborrowfromthem.

Theelementalfunctionsofamoneymarketmustbeperformedinanykindofmoderneconomy,evenonethatislargelyplannedorsocialist,butthearrangementsinsocialistcountriesdonotordinarilytaketheformofamarket.Moneymarketsexistincountriesthatusemarketprocessesratherthanplannedallocationstodistributemostoftheirprimaryresourcesamongalternativeuses.Thegeneraldistinguishingfeatureofamoneymarketisthatitreliesuponopencompetitionamongthosewhoarebulksuppliersoffundsatanyparticulartimeandamongthoseseekingbulkfunds,toworkoutthebestpracticabledistributionoftheexistingtotalvolumeofsuchfunds.

Intheirmarkettransactions,thosewithbulksuppliesoffundsordemandsforthem,relyongroupsofintermediarieswhoactasbrokersordealers.Thecharacteristicsofthesemiddlemen,theservicestheyperform,andtheirrelationshiptootherpartsofthefinancialvarywidelyfromcountrytocountry.Inmanycountriesthereisnosingle