词汇学第七单元测试2.docx

词汇学第七单元测试2.docx

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词汇学第七单元测试2

C7Test-1

I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatement.

1.InHamlet,"rival"in"Therivalsofmywatch,hidthemmakehaste."Means.

A.opinionB.partner

C.animalD.judgement

2.Whichofthefollowingwordsdoesnotundergotheprocessofextensionofmeaning?

A.meatB.manuscript

C.pictureD.journal

3.Whichisaninstanceofwordscommonizedfrompropernouns?

A.feedbackB.glass

C.lynchD.silver

4.Theassociatedtransferofmeaningandeuphemisticuseofwords,etc.areoftenduetofactor.

A.scientificB.internal

C.historicalD.psychological

5.Word-meaningchangesbymodesof.

A.extensionandnarrowing

B.degradationandelevation

C.transfer

D.alltheabove

6."aboor"wasmerely"apeasant"andnowmeans"arude,ill-manneredperson",whichbelongstoofword-meaning.

A.extensionB.narrowing

C.elevationD.degradation

7.Theoriginalmeaningof"shrewd"is"evil"or"wickedness"whilemodemmeaningis"clever".Thisisofword-meaning.

A.extensionB.elevation

C.degradationD.transfer

8.Themeaningsof"lip"and"tongue"in"thelipofawound"and"thetongueofabell"haveexperienced.

A.extensionB.elevation

C.associatedtransferD.degradation

9.isnotthenarrowingofword-meaning.

A.Somephrasesareshortenedandonlyoneelementoftheoriginalislefttoretainthemeaningofthewhole

B.Materialnounsareusedtorefertoobjectsmadeofthem

C.Awordofabstractmeaningisusedasaconcretemeaning

D.Acommonwordisturnedintoaspecificword

10."silly"meant"happy"inoldEnglish,butnowitmeans"foolish".Thiscodeofword-meaningchangeis.

A.elevationB.narrowing

C.transferD.degradation

11."paper"in"awhitepaper"means.

A.newspaper

B.asetofquestionsusedasanexam

C.governmentdocument

D.essaywrittenattheendoftheterm

12."do"in"doamuseum"means“”.

A.arrangeB.study

C.cleanD.visit

13.haveexperiencedtheextensionofmeanings.

A.Propernounsinthepast

B.PolysemicwordsofmodemEnglish

C.Technicaltermsinthepast

D.Alltheabove

14.Theoriginalmeaningof"nice"is"ignorant"or"foolish"anditsmodemmeaningis"delightful".Thisisofwordmeaning.

A.transferB.degradation

C.elevationD.extension

15.DuringAmericanCivilWar,theword"copperhead",avenomoussnakeintheSouthofAmerica,wasendowedwiththenewmeaningthenorthernerswhoweresecretlyaidingandabettingthesouthbecauseof.

A.historicalreasonB.classreason

C.religiousreasonD.psychologicalreason

16.Linguisticfactorsofwordmeaningchangeexclude.

A.internalfactorswithinthelanguagesystem

B.theinfluxofborrowing

C.analogy

D.grammar

17.Inradiation,thesecondarymeaningofawordisderivedfromtheprimarymeaningofawordby.

A.extensionB.specialization

C.transferD.alltheabove

18.Ofthemodes'ofword-meaningchanges,arethemostcommon.

A.degradationandtransfer

B.extensionandnarrowing

C.elevationandtransfer

D.narrowinganddegradation

19.Alegalterm“alibi”signifying“pleathattheaccusedisnotattheplacewhenthecrimeiscommitted”nowmeans“excuse.”Thischangeofword-meaningiscalled

A.extensionB.narrowing

C.degradationD.transfer

20.“minister”originallymeant“servant”.Thisprocessofmeaningshiftiscalled

A.extensionB.narrowing

C.elevationD.transfer

21.“hope”hastransferredfromto.

A.concrete,abstract

B.abstract,concrete

C.appreciative,pejorative

D.pejorative,appreciative

22.isthemostunstableelementofalanguage.

A.PronunciationB.Meaning

C.VocabularyD.Grammar

23.Somemeaningsremainmuchthesameforatime,butoften,a/anformorgroupofformsarepressedintonewservicewhenanewlinguisticneedisfelt.

A.newB.archaic

C.oldD.obsolete

24.InHamlet,“pregnant”in“Howpregnantsometimeshisrepliesare.”means

A.foolishB.clever

C.withchildD.meaningful

25.Extensionisfoundin.

A.polysemicwords

B.technicalterms

C.commonizedpropernouns

D.alltheabove

26.Ifawordwhichusedtohaveamoresensebecomesrestrictedinitsapplicationinapresent-daylanguage,thewordhasundergonenarrowingofmeaning.

A.specificB.pejorative

C.generalD.appreciative

27.Pejorationisaprocesswherebywordsofgoodoriginfallsintoreputationorwordscometobeusedinsense.

A.bad,good,derogatory

B.neutral,good,derogatory

C.ill,iii,commendatory

D.iii,non-affective,derogatory

28.Ifawordhasextendedtocoveraandoftendefiniteconcept,thewordhasundergoneextensionofmeaning.

A.broader,moreB.narrower,less

C.broader,lessD.narrower,more

29.Whichofthefollowingwords'hasnotundergonedegradationofmeaning?

A.wench.B,-hussy

C.angelD.boor

30.Whichofthefollowingwordshasundergoneextensionofmeaning?

A.sillyB.knave

C.lewdD.mill

31.Transferexcludes.

A.associatedtransfer

B.transferofsensations

C.transferbetweensubjectiveandobjectivemeanings

D.transferredepithet

32.Whichofthefollowingwordshasnotundergonenarrowingofmeaning?

A.liquorB.poison

C.journalD.garage

33.Thecausesofmeaningchangeinlinguisticaspectsinclude.

A.internalfactorswithinthelanguagesystem

B.theinfluxofborrowings

C.analogy

D.alltheabove

34.Theattitudeofclasseshasalsomadeinroadsintolexicalmeaninginthecaseofor.

A.extension,narrowingB.elevation,degradation

C.extension,transferD.elevation,transfer

35.Quiteanumberofwordsthatdenotedifferentsortsofpeopleortheiroccupationshaveacquiredsenses.

A.rich,non-affectiveB.working,appreciative

C.rich,pejorativeD.working,pejorative

36.Theandareoftenduetopsychologicalfactors.

A.associatedtransfer,figurativeuseofwords

B.transferofsensations,euphemisticuseofwords

C.transferbetweensubjectiveandobjectivemeanings,transferbetweenabstractandconcretemeanings.

D.associatedtransfer,euphemisticuseofwords

37."angel","martyr"and"paradise"havetheirmeaningselevatedtomeet.

A.psychologicalneedB.socialneed

C.economicneedD.religiousneed

38.Meaningchangeinlinguisticaspectisdueto.

A.internalfactorswithinthelanguagesystem

B.theinfluxofborrowings

C.analogy

D.alltheabove

39.Manylow,humbleanddespisedoccupationstakemorenamesdueto

reasons.

A.appealing,economic

B.vulgar,psychological

C.appealing,psychological

D.non-affecting,psychological

40.Whichofthefollowingwordshasnotundergoneelevationofmeaning?

A.earlB.governor

C.fondD.fabulous

II.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook.

1.Extensionofmeaning,alsoknownas,isthenamegiventothewideningofmeaningwhichsomewordsundergo.

2.Themostcommontypesofword-meaningchangesareextensionand.

3.Narrowingofmeaningistheoppositeofmeaning.

4.Theassociatedtransferofmeaningandeuphemisticuseofwordsetc.areoftendueto.

5.Extensionofmeaningisalsoknownas.

6.isthenamegiventothewideningofmeaningwhichsomewordsundergo.

7.Extensionisaprocessbywhichawordwhichoriginallyhadameaninghasnowbecomegeneralized.

8.Narrowingofmeaningisalsocalled.

9.istheoppositeofwideningmeaning.

10.Elevationisalsoknowas.

1l.referstotheprocessbywhichwordsrisefromhumblebeginningtopositionsofimportance.

12.Degradationisalsocalled.

13.Pejorationofmeaningistheoppositeofsemantic.

14.Wordswhichwereusedtodesignateonethingbutlaterchangedtomeansomethingelsehaveexperiencedtheprocessofsemantic.

15."glass"for"cup"isaninstanceof.

16.Theword"pen"originallymeant“”.

17.Theword"atom"isderivedfromtheform"atom”.

18.Thechangeofmeaningmaybecausedbyfactorswithinthelanguagesystem.

19."animal"isawordfrom.

20."beast"isawordfrom.

21.Comparatively,thecontentisevenmoreunstablethanthe.

22.AlargenumberofwordsofmodemEnglishhavetheirmeaningsextendedsometimeinthecourseofdevelopment.

23.Extensionofmeaningisalsofoundinmanyterms,whichasthetermsuggestsareconfinedtospecializeduse.

24.Wordsfrompropernounshaveexperiencedextensionofmeaning.

25.Extensionisaprocessbywhichawordwhichoriginallyhadaspecializedmeaninghasnowbecome.

26.Ifawordhasundergonenarrowingofmeaning,thewordconveysameaninginapresent-daylanguage.

27.Thetwokindsofpejorationare

（1）wordsofgoodoriginfallintoiiireputationand

（2）non-affectivewordscometobeusedinsense.

28.Transferincludesassociatedtransfer,transferbetweensubjectiveandobjectivemeanings,transferfromabstracttoconcretemeaningsandtransferof

29.Thetwomajorfactorsthatcausechangesinmeaningconsistoflinguisticfactorsandfactors.

30.Itoftenhappensthatawordisretainedforanamethoughthemeaninghaschangedbecausethehaschanged.

31.Manywordsaboutpeopleortheirprofessionshaveacquiredpejorativesenses.

32.Theassociatedtransferofmeaninganduseofwords,etc.areoftenduetopsychologicalfactors.

33.Low,humbleanddespisedoccupationsoftentakemoreappealingnamesduetoreasons.

34.“loudcolours”isaninstanceoftransferof.

35.“fearful”,“doubtful”and“suspicious”keepbothandobjectivemeaningsatthesametime.

36.Increasedscientificknowledgeandarealsoimportantfactorsthataccountforthechangeofwordmeaning.

37.Peoplechangeword-meaningowingtovariousmotives:

love,respect,courtesy,suspicion,pessimism,sarcasm,irony,contempt,hatred,etc.