高考任务型阅读专题及答案.docx
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高考任务型阅读专题及答案.docx
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高考任务型阅读专题及答案
一、高中英语任务型阅读
1.Directions:
Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.
"Myworkisdone."ThosewordsweresomeofthelastpennedbyGeorgeEastman.Heincludedtheminhissuicidenote.Theymarkanignobleendtoanoblelife,theleavetakingofatrulygreatman.Thesamewordscouldnowbesaidforthecompanyheleftbehind.Actually,theEastmanKodakCompanyisthrough.Ithasbeenmismanagedfinancially,technologicallyandcompetitively.________ OneofAmerica'sbedrockbrandsisabouttodisappear,theKodakmomenthaspassed.
ButGeorgeEastmanisnothowhedied,andtheEastmanKodakCompanyisnothowitisbeingkilled.Thoughtheendsareneedlessandpremature,theymustnotbeallowedtoovershadowthegreatnessthatcamebefore.Fewcompanieshavedonesomuchgoodforsomanypeople,ordefinedandliftedsoprofoundlythespiritofanationandperhapstheworld.________
Kodakservedmankindthroughentertainment,science,nationaldefenseandthestockpilingoffamilymemories.KodaktookustothetopofMountSuribachiandtotheSeaofTranquility.ItintroducedustothemerryoldLandofOzandtostarsfromCharlieChaplintoJohnWayne,andElizabethTaylortoTomHanks.________ Whenthatsailorkissedthenurse,andwhenthespyplanessawmissilesinCuba,Kodakwastheeyesofanation.FromthedeckoftheMissouritothegrandeurofMonumentValley,Kodaktookusthere.Virtuallyeverysignificantimageofthe20thCenturyisagifttogenerationfromtheEastmanKodakCompany.________ Yes,therewerephotographers,andforrelativelylargesumsofmoneytheywouldtakeunnaturalpicturesinstudiosandformalsettings.Butmostpeoplecouldn'taffordphotographs,andsoalltheyhadtorememberdistantlovedones,orearliertimesoftheirlives,wasmemory.Childrencouldnotknowwhattheirparentshadlookedlikeasyoungpeople,grandparentsfarawaymightneverlearnwhattheirgrandchildrenlookedlike.EastmanKodakallowedmemorytomovefromtheuncertaintyofrecollection,tothepermanenceofaphotograph.Butitwasn'tjustpeoplewhosefeaturesweresavable;itwasevents,theprecioustimesthatfamiliescherish.TheKodakmoment,washumanity'smoment.
A.ItshowedustheshotthatkilledPresidentKennedy,andhisbrotherbleedingoutonakitchenfloor.
B.GeorgeEastmanwasnotonlyinterestedincommercialprofits,butalsointheimprovementofotherpeople'slives.
C.Inaneraofeasydigitalphotography,whenwecantakeapictureofanythingatanytime,wecannotimaginewhatlifewaslikebeforeGeorgeEastmanbroughtphotographytopeople.
D.For20years,itsleadershavefoolishlyspentdownthepatrimony(祖传的财物)ofacentury'sprosperity.
E.BeforeGeorgeEastmanbroughtphotographytopeople,paintingwastheonlywayforpeopletokeeparecordoftheirancestors.
F.Itisimpossibletounderstandthe20thCenturywithoutrecognizingtheroleoftheEastmanKodakCompany.
【答案】D;F;A;C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,由于在财务、技术和竞争方面管理不善。
作为美国最重要的品牌之一,柯达即将消失,柯达时代已经过去。
文章同时重点描述了柯达给人们的生活所带来的重大影响和意义,作者认为几乎每一张20世纪的重要照片都是伊士曼柯达公司送给下一代的礼物。
(1)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空后“OneofAmerica'sbedrockbrandsisabouttodisappear,theKodakmomenthaspassed.”美国最重要的品牌之一即将消失,柯达时代已经过去。
可知在财务、技术和竞争方面管理不善,20年来,柯达的领导人愚蠢地挥霍了一个世纪繁荣的遗产。
最终导致品牌的倒闭。
故选D。
(2)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前“Fewcompanieshavedonesomuchgoodforsomanypeople,ordefinedandliftedsoprofoundlythespiritofanationandperhapstheworld.”很少有公司为这么多人做了这么多好事,或如此深刻地定义和提升了一个国家乃至整个世界的精神。
此处公司的指的是柯达公司,下文进一步强调柯达的作用:
不认识EastmanKodak公司的作用,就不可能理解20世纪。
故选F。
(3)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前“ItintroducedustothemerryoldLandofOzandtostarsfromCharlieChaplintoJohnWayne,andElizabethTaylortoTomHanks.”它向我们介绍了快乐的奥兹故土,从查理·卓别林到约翰·韦恩,从伊丽莎白·泰勒到汤姆·汉克斯。
可知在列举柯达记录下的世界上重要的人物和事件,如:
它向我们展示了杀死肯尼迪总统的那一枪,以及他的弟弟在厨房地板上流血不止。
故选A。
(4)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前“Virtuallyeverysignificantimageofthe20thCenturyisagifttogenerationfromtheEastmanKodakCompany.”几乎每一张20世纪的重要照片都是伊士曼柯达公司送给下一代的礼物。
可知下文应继续强调柯达给人们生活产生的影响:
在一个数码摄影简单的时代,当我们可以在任何时候拍任何东西的照片,我们无法想象在乔治·伊士曼把摄影带给人们之前的生活是什么样的。
故选C。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
2.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Top3Self-DisciplineTechniques
Self-disciplineisthekeytoleadingahealthier,happierandmoresuccessfullife,________.Wehavesharedsomeself-disciplinetechniquesbelow.Followtheseself-disciplinetechniquestostartlivingabetterlife.
⑴Startsmall
Thejourneyofathousandmilesstartswithasinglestepastheproverbgoes.________.Instead,stamina(耐力)isbuiltupbydoingalittlemorethanthepreviousday'starget.
Thesamegoesfordiscipline.Startbytryingtocarryoutself-disciplinetechniqueslittlebylittleeverydayforbigresults.Increaseyourgoalsovertime.
⑵________
Stayingself-disciplinedrequiresmotivation.Itcanbehardtostaymotivatedifyoufeellikeyouhaven'tmadeanyprogresssofar.Trackingprogressmakesyouawareofhowmuchyou'vedoneandencouragesyoutokeepgoing.
⑶Exerciseyourwillpower
________.Somedays,stickingtothetaskisgoingtobedifficultbutbyremindingyourselfoftheendinmindandhowmuchthegoalmeanstoyou,youwillbeabletoignoretemporarytemptationsforlongtermgain.
Theabove-mentionedself-disciplinetechniqueshavebeenproventobeextremelyeffective.
________,anditisthekeytolivingahappyandfulfillinglife.
A.Buildasupportsystem
B.Measureyourgoals
C.Willpowerandself-disciplinegohandinhand
D.Self-disciplineisafeaturefoundinmanysuccessfulpeople
E.Self-disciplineislinkedtoeffectivetimemanagement
F.However,itiseasiersaidthandone
G.Youdon'ttrainforamarathonbyrunning10kilometersonthefirstday
【答案】F;G;B;C;D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍三大自律的技巧。
A.Buildasupportsystem建立一个支持系统。
B.Measureyourgoals测评你的目标。
C.Willpowerandself-disciplinegohandinhand意志力和自律相辅相成。
D.Self-disciplineisafeaturefoundinmanysuccessfulpeople自律是在很多成功人士身上都能找到的特征。
E.Self-disciplineislinkedtoeffectivetimemanagement自律和有效的时间管理有联系。
F.However,itiseasiersaidthandone然而说起来容易做起来难。
G.Youdon'ttrainforamarathonbyrunning10kilometersonthefirstday你不会在第一天跑10公里来训练马拉松。
(1)根据上文提示自律是通向更健康、更快乐、更成功生活的关键。
下文提示我们在下面分享一些自律技巧。
承接上下文,However,itiseasiersaidthandone切题,该项中的However表示该句与上文构成转折关系,故选F。
(2)根据上文提示千里之行,始于足下。
下文说相反耐力是通过比前一天的目标多做一点来建立的。
承接上下文Youdon'ttrainforamarathonbyrunning10Kilometersonthefirstday切题,下文中的Instead表示前后句是一种转折关系,故选G。
(3)本题为标题选择。
本段主要说保持自律需要动机,但是如果你很久没有取得进步你就很难保持动力。
追踪系统让你知道你做了多少,鼓励你坚持下去。
此处的trackingprogress应该指的是对你目标的测评,故选B。
(4)根据本段小标题Exerciseyourwillpower(锻炼你的意志力);再根据下文提示有时候,坚持完成任务是很困难的,但是通过提醒自己目标的意义和目标对你的意义,你就可以忽略暂时的诱惑而获得长期的利益。
可知C项Willpowerandself-disciplinegohandinhand.切题,故选C。
(5)上文提示上述自律技巧已被证明是非常有效的。
再根据下文提示这是快乐充实生活的关键。
承接上下文D项Self-disciplineisafeaturefoundinmanysuccesfulpeople.切题,故选D。
【点评】在做七选五时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/inaddition/what'smore等词汇、固定结构的运用。
它们连接了上下文,起着承上起下的作用。
像but(但是)、however(然而)表示转折,这说明前后的内容相反或相对。
同时还要注意选项中代词的指代和小标题选择时是对段落的总结。
3.Directions:
Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencesgiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.
NowhereToHide:
WhatMachinesCanTellFromYourFace
Thehumanfaceisaremarkablepieceofwork.________Soistheface'sabilitytosendemotionalsignals,whetherthroughtheunconsciousshameorthetrickofafalsesmile.Peoplespendmuchoftheirwakinglives,intheofficeandthecourtroomaswellasthebarandthebedroom,readingfaces,forsignsofattraction,hostility,trustanddeceit.Theyalsospendplentyoftimetryingtohidetheirfeelings,intentionsornature.
________InAmericafacialrecognitionisusedbychurchestotrackworshippers'attendance;inBritain,byretailerstospotpastshoplifters.ThisyearWelshpoliceusedittoarrestasuspectoutsideafootballgame.InChinaitconfirmstheidentitiesofride-hailingdrivers,permitstouriststoenterattractionsandletspeoplepayforthingswithasmile.Apple'snewiPhoneisexpectedtouseittounlockthehomescreen
Setagainsthumanskills,suchapplicationsmightseemenhancive.Somebreakthroughs,suchasflightortheinternet,obviouslytransformhumanabilities.________Althoughfacesarepeculiartoindividuals,theyarealsopublic,sotechnologydoesnot,atfirstsight,intrudeonsomethingthatisprivate.Andyettheabilitytorecord,storeandanalyseimagesoffacescheaply,quicklyandonavastscalepromisesonedaytobringaboutfundamentalchangestonotionsofprivacy,fairnessandtrust.
________Maskingtruefeelingshelpsfixthewheelsofdailylife.Ifyourpartnercanspoteveryprohibitedyawn,andyourbosseveryhintofannoyance,marriagesandworkingrelationshipswillbemoretruthful,butlessharmonious.Thebasisofsocialinteractionsmightchange,too,fromasetofcommitmentsfoundedontrusttocalculationsofriskandrewardderivedfromtheinformationacomputerattachestosomeone'sface.Relationshipsmightbecomemorereasonable,butalsotransactional.
A.However,facialrecognitionseemsmerelytoencodethem.
B.Researchshowthatartificialintelligencecanreconstructthefacialstructuresofpeople.
C.Anyonewithaphonecantakeapictureforfacial-recognitionprogramstouse.
D.Technologyisrapidlycatchingupwiththehumanabilitytoreadfaces.
E.Continuousfacialrecordingthatpaintscomputerizeddataontotherealworldmightchangethetextureofsocialinteractions.
F.Theastonishingvarietyo
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