届高考高三英语第二次模拟考试四解析附后.docx

届高考高三英语第二次模拟考试四解析附后.docx

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届高考高三英语第二次模拟考试四解析附后

2020届高考高三英语第二次模拟考试（四）（解析附后）

第一部分听力（略）

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

ThecoldnorthernwindhereinthestreetsofPetersburgstrengthensmynervesandfillsmewithdelight.IcannotthinkofthePoleascoldandempty;inmyimaginationitisaregionofbeautyanddelight.Whoknowswhatstrangelandscapesandcreatureswemayfindthere?

Ishallsatisfymycuriositywiththesightofanunknownpartoftheworld,andwalkwherenomanhasbefore.Thinkingofit,Ifeelthesamejoyachildfeelswhenhesailshislittleboatonavoyageofdiscoveryuphisnativeriver.

Thisvoyagewasthefavoritedreamofmyearlyyears.Myeducationwasneglected,yetIwaspassionatelyfondofreading.UncleThomas’slibrarycontainedonlybooksaboutexploration,whichIreaddayandnight.Finally,mythoughtscometotheideaofmakingavoyageofdiscovery.

SixyearshavepassedsinceIdecidedonthepresentvoyage.Ican,evennow,rememberthehourwhenIcommittedmyselftothisgreatenterprise.Ibeganbymakingmybodyusedtohardship.IwentonwhalehuntingvoyagestotheNorthSea;Ivoluntarilyenduredcold,hunger,thirst,andlackofsleep.Ioftenworkedharderthanthecommonsailorsduringtheday.Then,atnights,Istudiedmathematics,thetheoryofmedicine,andsciencesofpracticalimportanceforasea-goingadventurer.TwiceItookjobsasanofficeronaGreenlandwhalingship.Ifeltalittleproudwhenmycaptainaskedmetoremainwiththeship,sovaluabledidheconsidermyservices.Andnow,doInotdeservetoachievesomegreattask?

Mylifemighthavebeenpassedineaseandcomfort,butIpreferredglorytoeverypleasurethatwealthplacedinmypath.

21.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthePole?

A.Itremindshimofhischildhood.

B.Itmustbearegionfullofsurprises.

C.Itwouldfulfilhisdreamtobeanadventurer.

D.It’stoocoldadestinationwithalmostnothing.

22.Torealizehischildhooddream,theauthorgot________.

A.physicallypreparedbyexperiencinggreatsuffering

B.spirituallypreparedbygainingcaptain’srecognition

C.academicallypreparedbyreadingbooksonexploration

D.financiallypreparedbyservingonawhalehuntingship

23.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorisdefinitelyapersonfullof________.

A.curiosityB.fancyC.perseveranceD.pride

B

Asayoungchild,AnnMakosinskiwouldspendhoursexperimentingwithhertoysandothereverydayobjectsaroundhertocreateherowninventions.

Nowafirst-yearArtsstudent,Makosinskiisawell-knowninventor.ShewontherecentSustainableEntrepreneurshipAwardofExcellence,whichrecognizescreativebusinesssolutionstosocialproblems--thesamerecognitionwasgiventoBarackObamain2014.Hertwoinventions—theHollowFlashlightandthee-Drink—havebeencausingexcitementinternationallysincetheircreation.

WhenMakosinskiwas15yearsold,shecreatedaflashlightpoweredbytheheatofone'shand.Thisinventionwastheresultofa9thgradescienceproject,buthergoalwastoofferapracticalsolutiontopeoplewithunlimitedaccesstopowerandelectricity.“OneofmyfriendsfromthePhilippinestoldmethatshefailedschoolbecauseshehadnolighttostudywithatnight,sothatwaskindoftheinspiration.”Makosinskiexplained.

At12thgrade,Makosinskithenwentontocreatethee-Drink.Itisacoffeecupthatharveststheextraheatofahotdrinkwhileitcools,storesitaselectricityinaninternal（内置的）batteryandmakesitavailabletochargeanexternaldevicesuchasaphone,whoselifecannowbelongerbyapproximately10to30minutes.

“Myfavoritepartofcreatinginventionswouldbewhenyouhadtheideaandyouhavetophysicallybuildit，anditdoesn'tworkout,”shesaid.“Soyouhavetofigureoutdifferentwaystosolveit.Alotoftimes,I'llgiveupandI’llcomebackafteracoupleofdaysandI'lltakeitupagain.”

Heradvicetootherstudentinnovators?

“Startnow.There’snothingholdingyouback.Actually,youcandowhateveryouwant.”Makosinskisaid，“Ifyouwanttomakesomething，followyourheart,thengoahead.Ifthere'ssomethingyoureallywanttodo,youwillmaketimeforitandyouwillfindtimeinthedaytodoyourschoolwork.”

24.Makosinskycreatedthepowerlessflashlightmainlyto________.

A.satisfyherdesiretocreateinventions

B.settleproblemsinstudyforherfriend

C.helpthosewhoareshortofelectricity

D.finishtheassignmentofascienceproject

25.Whichofthefollowingismainlyexplainedinparagraph4?

A.Howthee-Drinkwasinvented.B.Whythee-Drinkwascreated.

C.Whatthee-Drinkbrings.D.Howthee-Drinkworks.

26.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.PopularInventionsbyaTeenagerGirl

B.TeenagerGirlAdvancinginCreation

C.ValuableAdvicefromaCreativeGirl

D.AwardsGiventoaYoungInventor

C

Stressinmiddleagecanmakeyourbrainshrinkandmakeyourmemoryworse,scientistshavediscovered.Thebrain-reducingeffectsofstress,identifiedinpeopleintheir40sfreefromdementia（痴呆症）—aseriousmentaldisordercausedbybraindiseaseorinjury,werefoundtobecausedbycortisol（皮质醇）.Thehighlevelsofthestresshormonemaybeanearlywarningsignthatsomeonemayendupwithdementia,theresearchsuggests.

Stressalsomadepeople'sthinkingskillsworse,whichtheHarvardMedicalSchoolstudy,publishedinthejournalNeurologyfound.Fortheresearch,scientistsledbyDr.JustinB.Echouffo-Tcheuguistudied2,231peoplewithanaverageof49andfreeofdementia.Hesaid,"Ourresearchdetectedmemorylossandbrainshrinkageinmiddle-agedpeoplebeforesymptomsstartedtoshow.Soit'simportantforpeopletofindwaystoreducestress,suchasgettingenoughsleep,takingpartinmoderateexercise,makingrelaxationtechniquespartoftheirdailylivesoraskingtheirdoctorabouttheircortisollevelsandtakingacortisol-reducingmedicationifneeded."Healsoadded,"It'simportantforphysicianstogiveprofessionaladvicetoallpeoplewithhighcortisollevels."

Researchersfoundlowerscoresontestsofmemoryandthinkinginpeoplewithhigherlevelsofcortisolthanthosewithaveragelevels.Inaddition,peoplewithhighercortisollevelshadasmallerbrainvolume,withthosewithhighcortisollevelshavingbrainsthatwere88.5percentofthetotalcranial（颅骨的）volume.Thiswascomparedto88.7percentofthetotalcranialvolumeforpeoplewithnormallevelsofthehormone.Nolinkswerefoundbetweenlowlevelsofcortisolandbrainsize.

Cortisolhelpsthebodyrespondtostressandwhenwearestressed,cortisollevelsincreasebecausethatisourfight-or-flight（战或逃）response.Itcanalsohelpreduceinflammation（发炎）andcontrolbloodsugarandbloodpressure.Highcortisollevelscanbecausedbystress,medicalconditionsormedications.

“Cortisolaffectsmanydifferentfunctionssoitisimportanttofullyinvestigatehowhighlevelsofthehormonemayaffectthebrain,”DrEchouffo-Tcheuguisaid,“Whileotherstudieshaveexaminedcortisolandmemory,webelieveourlarge,community-basedstudyisthefirsttoexplore,inmiddle-agedpeople,cortisollevelsandbrainvolume,aswellasmemoryandthinkingskills.”

27.WhatmayDr.Echouffo-Tcheuguisuggestpeopledoaboutstress-reducing?

A.Earlytobedandearlytorise.B.Strengthenthesocialnetwork.

C.Eatfoodwithmoreprotein.D.Rideabicyclearoundalake.

28.Whichstatementaboutcortisolmaytheauthoragreeto?

A.Highercortisollevelsareassociatedwithlargerbrainvolume.

B.Themorestressedonefeels,thehigherhiscortisollevelsare.

C.Ageandgenderplayabigroleintheparticipants'brainvolume.

D.Peoplewithhighcortisollevelswillsufferfromlowbloodpressure.

29.What'sthepossibledirectionforfutureresearchaccordingtoDr.Echouffo-Tcheugui?

A.Howhighcortisollevelsaffecthumanbrains.

B.Thelinkbetweencortisollevelsandmemory.

C.Thelinkbetweencortisollevelsandbrainsize.

D.Howcortisolaffectspeoples’response.

30.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?

A.Tosuggesttheefficientwaystoreducestress.

B.Topreventthefeaturesandfunctionsofcortisol.

C.Toexplainhowcortisolaffectspeoples’stresslevel.

D.Toshowstresscancausememorylossandbrainshrinkage.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Fondofwriting?

Havingdifficultyinwritingagoodarticle?

31.?

Trythefollowingsuggestionstohelpgetyourthoughtsflowingandontheirwaytobeingpublished.

32.

Brainstormforideasandmakeanoutlineofwhatyouwanttosay.Rememberwhoyouraudienceis.Getyourideasandmainpointsdown.There'splentyoftimeforrevisingandpolishing.

Writingyourpiece

You'vehearditbefore:

everypieceofwritingneedsabeginning,amiddleandanend.

33.?

Isthebodyofthepiecetightandconsistent?

Isyourendingbalancedwiththerestofthepiece?

Didyougetallyourpointsacross?

Doesyourwritingreadthewayyouwantitto?

Watchoutforneedlessrepetitions,orobviousstatements.Don'tbeafraidtogetridofunnecessaryadjectives,entiresentencesorparagraphs（scarythought,butyoucandoit!

）.Asksomeoneelsetoreadyourwritingtoseeifitmakessensetothemandtocheckforerrors.

Revise,revise,revise

34..Nowfindaredpenandreaditoutloudlikeyou'veneverseenitbefore.Makesureyourverbsareactive,notpassive;checkforflow,clarity,sentencestructure,smoothtransitions（过渡）betweenparagraphs,tenseconsistencyandspellingerrors.

Submitit

You'vewritten,proofed,corrected,proofedandproofedagain.Nowit'stimetoletyourpolishedpieceshine.Follow