学年新教材人教版必修 三Unit2 Morals and virtues 单元作业.docx
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学年新教材人教版必修 三Unit2 Morals and virtues 单元作业.docx
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学年新教材人教版必修三Unit2Moralsandvirtues单元作业
2021学年度新教材人教版必修三Unit2Moralsandvirtues单元作业
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题,每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将选项涂黑
A
MuirWoodsandSausalitoHalfDayTour
WanderthroughanancientcoastalredwoodforestandexploretheartisticbaysideonthishalfdaytourfromSanFrancisco.TravelacrosstheGoldenGateBridgetovisitMuirWoods,hometosomeoftheoldestandtallesttreesonEarth.AttheendofyourtourchoosebetweengettingdroppedoffatUnionSquareinSanFranciscoortakingtheferrybacktoSanFrancisco.
YosemiteNationalParkandGiantSequoiasDayTrip
DiscoverthebeautyoftheSierraNevadaonthisfulldaytriptoYosemiteNationalParkfromSanFrancisco.TravelaboardacomfortablevanthroughhistoricGoldRushtownstoreachthepark,whereyou'llbeamazedbysupersizednaturalwonders.Takeahikeamongancienttrees,andenjoyseveralhourstoexplorethepark'swondersonyourown.
NiagaraFallsTour
EscapefromNewYorkCityandheadnorthtoseebothsidesoftheCanadianborderonthisguided,2daytourtoNiagaraFalls.VisitNiagaraFallsonboththeAmericanandCanadiansidesandtakearideonthefamousMaidoftheMistboat.Then,ontheroadbacktoNewYorkCity,makeastoptoshopattheCrossingsPremiumOutlets,oneofthelargestoutletmallsintheUS.
NapaandSonomaWineCountryTour
EscapetoCalifornia'sfamouswinecountryonthisfulldaytourfromSanFrancisco.Tasteregionalvarietalsatthreedifferentwineriesincludingbothbignameandfamilyrunestates(庄园).Learnaboutthewinemakingprocessduringguidedtours,andappreciatetheregionalculturewithastopforlunch.
1.Whichtourshouldyouchooseifyouwanttodosomeshopping?
A.NiagaraFallsTour.
B.NapaandSonomaWineCountryTour.
C.MuirWoodsandSausalitoHalfDayTour.
D.YosemiteNationalParkandGiantSequoiasDayTrip.
2.WhatcanyoudoonNapaandSonomaWineCountryTour?
A.AppreciatesomeoftheoldestandtallesttreesonEarth.
B.Enjoysupersizednaturalwonders.
C.Getsomewinemakingknowledge.
D.Takearideontheboat.
3.Whatdoesthewriterintendtodobywritingthepassage?
A.Tointroducesomeoutdooractivities.
B.Tosharesometourexperiences.
C.Toadvertiseforthewinecountry.
D.Tocallforprotectingnaturalwonders.
B
Peoplehavedifferentwaysofdealingwithacommoncold.Sometakeoverthecounter(非处方的)medicinessuchasaspirinwhileotherstrypopularhomeremedies(治疗)likeherbalteaorchickensoup.Yethereisthetoughtruthaboutthecommoncold:
nothingreallycuresit.
Sowhydopeoplesometimesbelievethattheirremedieswork?
AccordingtoJamesTaylor,professorattheUniversityofWashington,coldsusuallygoawayontheirowninaboutaweek,improvingalittleeachdayaftersymptomspeak,soit'seasytobelieveit'smedicineratherthantimethatdeservesthecredit,USATodayreported.
Itstillseemshardtobelievethatwecandealwithmoreseriousdiseasesyetarepowerlessagainstsomethingsocommonasacold.Recently,scientistscameclosertofiguringoutwhy.Tounderstandit,youfirstneedtoknowhowantiviral(抗病毒的)drugswork.Theyattackthevirusbyattachingtoandchangingthesurfacestructuresofthevirus.Todothat,thedrugmustfitandlockintothevirusliketherightpieceofajigsaw(拼图),whichmeansscientistshavetoidentifythevirusandbuilda3Dmodeltostudyitssurfacebeforetheycandesignanantiviraldrugthatiseffectiveenough.
Thetwocoldvirusesthatscientistshadlongknownaboutwererhinovirus(鼻病毒)AandB.Buttheydidn'tfindoutabouttheexistenceofathirdvirus,rhinovirusC,until2006.Allthreeofthemcontributetothecommoncold,butdrugsthatworkwellagainstrhinovirusAandBhavelittleeffectwhenusedagainstC.
“Thisexplainsmostofthepreviousfailuresofdrugtrialsagainstrhinovirus,”studyleaderProfessorAnnPalmenbergatUniversityofWisconsinMadison,US,toldScienceDaily.
Now,morethan10yearsafterthediscoveryofrhinovirusC,scientistshavefinallybuiltahighlydetailed3Dmodelofthevirus,showingthatthesurfaceofthevirusis,asexpected,differentfromthatofothercoldviruses.
Withthemodelinhand,hopefullyarealcureforacommoncoldisonitsway.Soon,wemaynolongerhavetowasteourmoneyonmedicinesthatdon'treallywork.
4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpopularremediesforacommoncold?
A.Theyarequiteeffective.
B.Theyareslightlyhelpful.
C.Theyactuallyhavenoeffect.
D.Theystillneedtobeimproved.
5.Howdoantiviraldrugswork?
A.Bybreakingupcoldvirusesdirectly.
B.Bychangingthesurfacestructuresofthecoldviruses.
C.Bypreventingcoldsfromdevelopingintoseriousdiseases.
D.Byabsorbingdifferentkindsofcoldvirusesatthesametime.
6.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Thesurfaceofcoldviruseslooksquitesimilar.
B.Scientistshavealreadyfoundacureforthecommoncold.
C.ScientistswerenotawareoftheexistenceofrhinovirusCuntilrecently.
D.Knowingthestructureofcoldvirusesisthekeytodevelopinganeffectivecure.
7.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.Drugsagainstcoldviruses
B.Helpfulhomeremedies
C.Nocurrentcureforcommoncold
D.Researchoncoldviruses
C
HaveyouseenJurassicPark?
Inthisfilm,scientistsuseDNAkeptfortensofmillionsofyearstoclonedinosaurs.Theyfindtrouble,however,whentheyrealizethattheclonedcreaturesaresmarterandmoredangerousthanexpected.That'snothingmorethanafiction.
Butcouldwereallycloneendangeredanimals?
Todate,themostsuccessfulattempttodosowasthecloningofagaur,arareoxlikeanimalfromsoutheastAsia.Scientistsusedacowtobringtheclonedbabygaur,namedNoah.Twodaysafterbirth,however,Noahdiedfromacommonbacterialinfection.OtherendangeredspeciesthatmaybeclonedincludetheAfricanbongoantelope(羚羊),theSumatrantiger,thecheetah(猎豹),andthegiantpanda.
Next,couldwereallycloneextinctanimals?
Intheory?
Yes.Todothis,youneedawellkeptsourceofDNAfromtheextinctanimalssuchaswoolmammoth(毛象),Tasmaniantiger,orevendinosaur,andacloselyrelatedspecies,stillliving,whichcouldserveasasurrogatemother.
Inreality?
Probablynot.Ontheonehand,it'snotlikelythatextinctanimals'DNAcouldsurviveundamagedforsuchalongtime.Cloningsuchextinctanimalsaswoolmammoth,Tasmaniantiger,ordinosaurismuchmoredifficultduetothelackofproperlywellpreservedDNA.Ontheotherhand,forexample,agaurcanhaveacowasasurrogatemother,definitelynotamonkey.Butwhataboutanextinctanimalasuniqueasthepanda?
Whatspeciescouldpossiblyserveasasurrogatemother?
Cloningpresentsmanyexcitingpossibilities.However,evenifextinctanimalswerebroughtback,theycouldnotsurviveintoday'sworld.Notonlydomostextinctanimalshavenohabitattolivein,buttheotherplantsandanimalstheydependedonforfoodmayalsobegoneaswell.
8.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?
A.Thegaurisanextinctspecies.
B.ThegaurlivesinAsiaandisendangered.
C.ScientistshaveclonedtheAfricanbongoantelope.
D.BoththecheetahandthegiantpandaliveinAsia.
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“asurrogatemother”inParagraph5probablyreferto?
A.Afemalewhogivesbirthtoababyofitsown.
B.Afemalewhocannotgivebirthtoababy.
C.Afemalewhogivesbirthtoababyforanotherfemale.
D.AfemaleprovidesDNAforababy.
10.Whatdifficultydoscientistshavewithwhentheycloneanextinctspecies?
A.BoththewellpreservedDNAandasurrogatemother.
B.BoththehabitattoliveinandthewellpreservedDNA.
C.BoththewellpreservedDNAandplantstoliveon.
D.Boththehabitattoliveinandplantstoliveon.
11.Whatispossibleaccordingtotheauthor'sopinion?
A.Alltheextinctspeciesmaybecloned.
B.Extinctspeciesmaybeclonedandeasilysurvive.
C.Agaurcanhaveamonkeyasasurrogatemother.
D.Someextinctspeciesmaybecloned,butnotsurvive.
D
AninternationalteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofOxfordhavefoundthatthewaypeopleusetheInternetiscloselytiedtotheseasonalmovementsinthenaturalworld.Theironlinespeciessearchesfollowthepatternsofseasonalanimalmigrations(迁徙).
Migratorybirds(候鸟)floodbacktowheretheyreproduceeveryspring.Thatmigratorybehaviorisaccompaniedbysomehumanbehavior.“InEnglishlanguageWikipedia(维基百科),theonlinesearchesformigratoryspeciestendtoincreaseinspringwhenthosebirdsarriveintheUnitedStates,”saidtheleadauthorJohnMittermeier.
Andnotjustbirds.Mittermeierandhisteamsurveyednearly2.5billionWikipediasearchrecords,for32,000species,across245languages.Theyalsosawvariablesearchratesforinsects,horsetailsandfloweringplants.SeasonaltrendsseemedtobewidespreadinWikipediabehaviorformanyspeciesofplantsandanimals.
Thisfindingsuggestsnewwaystomonitorchangesintheworld'sbiologicaldiversity.Italsoshowsnewwaystoseehowmuchpeoplecareaboutnature,andwhichspeciesandareasmightbethemosteffectivetargetsforconservation.
Mittermeierisencouragedbythesearchresults.Hecommented,“Ithinkthere'saconcernamongconservationists(生态环境保护者)thatpeoplearelosingtouchwiththenaturalworldandthatthey'renotinteractingwithnativespeciesanymore.Andsointhatsense,itwasreallyexcitingandquiteunexpectedformetoseepeople'sWikipediainterestcloselyrelatedtochangesinnature.”
RichardGrenyer,AssociateProfessorfromtheUniversityofOxford,sayssearchdataisusefultoconservationbiologists,“Byusingthesebigdataapproa
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