Windows Distributed File System.docx
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Windows Distributed File System.docx
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WindowsDistributedFileSystem
StorageManagementinWindowsServer2003R2:
FileServerResourceManagerand
StorageManagerforStorageAreaNetworks
MicrosoftCorporation
Published:
October26,2005
Abstract
Businessesofallsizesareseekingeffectivestoragemanagementsolutionstohelpthemdealwiththerapidgrowthinstoreddata.ThiswhitepaperexaminesthecommonproblemsfacedbystorageadministratorsandshowshowthenewstoragemanagementtoolsintegratedintoMicrosoft®WindowsServer™2003R2andMicrosoftWindows®StorageServer2003R2providemanageable,reliable,andcost-effectivesolutionsdesignedtomeetthosechallenges.ThedocumentprovidesanintroductiontoStorageManagerforstorageareanetworks(SANs)andFileServerResourceManager,anddescribeshowthesetoolscandelivervaluetoWindowsadministrators.
Thisisapreliminarydocumentandmaybechangedsubstantiallypriortofinalcommercialreleaseofthesoftwaredescribedherein.
TheinformationcontainedinthisdocumentrepresentsthecurrentviewofMicrosoftCorporationontheissuesdiscussedasofthedateofpublication.BecauseMicrosoftmustrespondtochangingmarketconditions,itshouldnotbeinterpretedtobeacommitmentonthepartofMicrosoft,andMicrosoftcannotguaranteetheaccuracyofanyinformationpresentedafterthedateofpublication.
Thiswhitepaperisforinformationalpurposesonly.MICROSOFTMAKESNOWARRANTIES,EXPRESS,IMPLIEDORSTATUTORY,ASTOTHEINFORMATIONINTHISDOCUMENT.
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©2005MicrosoftCorporation.Allrightsreserved.
Microsoft,Windows,WindowsServer.WindowsNT,WindowsServerSystem,WindowsServer2003R2,WindowsStorageServer,andtheWindowslogosareeitherregisteredtrademarksortrademarksofMicrosoftCorporationintheUnitedStatesand/orothercountries.
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Contents
Introduction1
StorageManagement:
AnOverview2
StorageAdministration—Whodoesit?
3
StorageManagementChallenges3
Scalability3
FaultTolerance4
DataProtection4
Manageability5
CostEffectiveness5
Summary5
StorageManagement—Scope6
Windows2000ServerandWindowsServer2003Pre-R28
WindowsServer2003R210
FileServerResourceManager:
Overview10
Functionality10
UserScenariosandBenefits10
Capacitymanagement10
QuotaManagement11
PolicyManagement11
DeploymentScenarios12
StorageManagerforSANs14
Overview14
Functionality14
UserScenariosandBenefits14
Summary17
RelatedLinks18
Introduction
Datahasbecomeoneofthemostimportantassetsforbusinessestoday.Asthedatademandsofe-commercesystems,mission-criticaldatabaseapplications,andmultimediacontentcontinuetogrow,therehasbeenanexplosionintheamountofstorageneededbybusinesses.Thisgrowthinstoragerequirementshasledtoincreasedcomplexityinthemanagementofstorageresources.Thiscomplexity,oncethedomainofonlyenterprise-sizedorganizations,isincreasinglyaburdentomidsizeandevenrelativelysmallbusinessesthathaveundergonedramaticdatagrowth.Nowmorethaneverthereisarequirementforgreatersophisticationinstorageresourceprovisioningandmanagement.
Asadministratorslooktocomplementdirectattachedstoragewithnetworkedstoragesolutions,businessmanagerslooktotheirstorageadministratorstoprovidesolutionsthatdeliverlowerITcosts,improvedoperationalefficiency,andincreasedbusinesscompetitiveness.Effectivestoragemanagementisthekeytomeetingthesechallenges.Tohelporganizationsachieveeffectivestoragemanagement,Microsoft®hasdevelopedtwonewtoolsfortheR2releaseofWindowsServer™2003andWindows®StorageServer:
∙StorageManagerforSANs
∙FileServerResourceManager
Thiswhitepapersummarizesthecommonchallengesfacedbystorageadministrators,howtheseissueshavehistoricallybeenaddressed,andhowMicrosoftisworkingtohelpsolvetheseproblemstoday.ThedocumentprovidesanoverviewofStorageManagerforSANsandFileServerResourceManager,andthebenefitsthesetoolsprovidetoWindowsadministratorsintheareasofnetworkedstorageandstoragemanagement.
StorageManagement:
AnOverview
AWindowsadministratortaskedwithstoragemanagementtodayfacesaplethoraofchallenges.Duetotherapidgrowthofe-businessandnewregulatorycompliancerequirements,storagerequirementsaretypicallygrowingatarateof60-100%peryear.Administratorsareexpectedtoprotectmissioncriticaldata,ensurethedataisavailable24x7,andsupportcomplexapplicationsthatareincreasinglydemandingofstorageresources.
AddingtothecurrentsituationforWindowsadministrators,manycompaniesstillstruggletominimizetheshortcomingsofDirectAttachedStorage(DAS).Withdeviceslocallyattachedtoaspecificserverorintheserverenclosureitself,performingday-to-daymanagementtaskscanbecomeextremelycomplicated.Forexample,aroutinedatabackupcouldrequirecomplexproceduresifthedataisdistributedamongstmanyserversandPCs–andonlyaccessibleonlythroughthesystemtowhichitisattached.Asagivenserveroutgrowsitsstoragecapacity,newstorageforthatserverhastobeacquiredandattached—evenifthereareotherserversintheorganizationwithplentyofstoragespaceavailable.Sincemanyapplicationsarenotstorage-aware,andrequiremanualconfigurationtoutilizeavailablestorageresources,managingdataforbackupandtransportcanbeadifficultandinefficientprocess.
ManycompaniesthatimplementednetworkedstoragesolutionsinanattempttoavoidtheinefficienciesofDAShavestruggledwiththecomplexityandsupportcostsofthosesolutions.Fornearlyeverynetworkedstoragesolutiononthemarket,thereisaseparatevendor-specificdiskmanagementapplication.Managementconsolesarenotstandardized,makingtrainingandusageunnecessarilydifficult.Andtheburdenofmanagingthesecomplicatedstorageenvironmentshasfallenontheshouldersofadministrators.
Withtheintroductionofastorageareanetwork(SAN),storagesystemsmovedtoaseparatenetworkwhichcanbeaccessedthroughserversthathaveconnectionstoboththeregularnetworkaswellastheSAN.Backingupandtransferringdatacanbedonedirectly,withouttyingupserverprocessingresources.Mostimportantly,storageispooledandresourcescanbeshared.TheproblemofunderutilizationofstorageresourcesassociatedwithDASisdramaticallyreducedwithSANs.
SANsarenottheonlyformofnetworkedstorageemployedwithinorganizationstoday.Withtheappropriatetools,multiplenetworked-attachedstorage(NAS)devicesonaLANcanbepooledintoasinglesharedstoragerepository.Thisgivesadministratorsthebenefitsofcentralizationwithoutthetechnicalcomplexityofmanagingaseparatestoragenetworkorswitchingfabric.
TheMicrosoftWindowsServerplatformcanhelpaddresstheneedsofWindowsadministratorsforstoragemanagementinmanyways.Thefollowingsectionsofthiswhitepaperwillexploretheproblemsfacedbyadministrators,thebroadscopeofstoragemanagement,thehistoryofMicrosoft’ssupportofthoseneeds,andMicrosoft’snewesttoolstohelpstorageadministrators:
FileServerResourceManagerandStorageManagerforSANs.
StorageAdministration—WhoDoesIt?
SANsandespeciallyFibreChannelSANsareanewconcepttomanybusinessestoday;expertisewiththistechnologyresidesprimarilywithlargerenterprises.However,inrelationtotheissuesraisedintheprevioussection,weknowthattodaybusinessesofallsizesneedtobesmarteraboutthewaytheymanagetheirstorageresources.
Regardlessofthesizeofnetworkorthenumberofpeoplebeingsupported,storageadministrationincludesacommonsetofneeds.Storageadministratorsneedacentralizedviewofstoragethatsimplifiesplanning,provisioning,andmaintenance.Otherkeyfunctionalityincludestheabilitytomonitoravailablestorageresourcesandgeneratealertswhenproblemsarise.Baseduponthemonitoringandalertdatagenerated,richreportingandtrendanalysesneedtobecreatedaswell.
Historically,businesseshavehadITadministratorsorWindowsadministrators,but“StorageAdministrator”isararetitle.Storageadministrationisoftenviewedasasecondarytask,andisnotthemainfocusoftheITgroup—soITadministratorsmaynotknowthe“insandouts”ofstorage.Thismakestheautomationofstoragemanagement,seamlessenforcementofpolicy,andeasy-to-usereportingtoolsofcriticalimportancetoallbusinesses.
StorageManagementChallenges
Windowsadministratorswhoaremanagingstoragefaceanumberofongoingchallenges,regardlessofthesizeoftheirbusiness.Thegrowingdatastorageneedsoftheorganizationneedtobemet.Storeddatamustbeavailableondemand—usuallyona24x7basis.Andthemission-criticalcorporateinformationcontainedinthedatamustbeprotectedfromavarietyo
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