模具设计与制造外文文献及翻译.docx
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模具设计与制造外文文献及翻译.docx
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模具设计与制造外文文献及翻译
Themolddesigningandmanufacturing
Themoldisthemanufacturingindustryimportantcraftfoundation,inourcountry,themoldmanufacturebelongstothespecialpurposeequipmentmanufacturingindustry.Chinaalthoughveryalreadystartstomakethemoldandtheusemold,butlong-termhasnotformedtheindustry.Straightstabs0centuries80'slaterperiods,theChinesemoldindustryonlythendrivesintothedevelopmentspeedway.Recentyears,notonlythestate-ownedmoldenterprisehadtheverybigdevelopment,thethreeinvestmentsenterprise,thevillagesandtowns(individual)themoldenterprise'sdevelopmentalsorapidquietly.
AlthoughtheChinesemoldindustrialdevelopmentrapid,butcompareswiththedemand,obviouslyfallsshortofdemand,itsmaingapconcentratespreciselyto,large-scale,iscomplex,thelonglifemolddomain.Asaresultofinaspectandsoonmoldprecision,life,manufacturecycleandproductivity,Chinaandtheinternationalaveragehorizontalandthedevelopedcountrystillhadabiggerdisparity,therefore,neededmassivelytoimportthemoldeveryyear.
TheChinesemoldindustrymustcontinuetosharpentheproductivity,fromnowonwillhaveemphaticallytotheprofessioninternalstructureadjustmentandthestate-of-artenhancement.Thestructureadjustmentaspect,mainlyistheenterprisestructuretothespecializedadjustment,theproductstructuretocentertheupscalemolddevelopment,totheimportandexportstructureimprovement,centertheupscaleautomobilecovermoldforminganalysisandthestructureimprovement,themulti-purposecompoundmoldandthecompoundprocessingandthelasertechnologyinthemolddesignmanufactureapplication,thehigh-speedcutting,thesuperfinishingandpolishedthetechnology,theinformationdirectiondevelops.
Therecentyears,themoldprofessionstructureadjustmentandtheorganizationalreformstepenlarges,mainlydisplayedin,large-scale,precise,wascomplex,thelonglife,centertheupscalemoldandthemoldstandardletterdevelopmentspeedishigherthanthecommonmoldproduct;Theplasticmoldandthecompressioncastingmoldproportionincreases;Specializedmoldfactoryquantityanditsproductivityincrease;"Thethreeinvestments"andtheprivateenterprisedevelopsrapidly;Thejointstocksystemtransformationstepspeedsupandsoon.Distributesfromthearealooked,takeZhejiangDeltaandYangtzeRiverdeltaascentralsoutheastcoastalareadevelopmentquicklytomid-westarea,southdevelopmentquicklytonorth.Atpresentdevelopsquickest,themoldproducesthemostcentralizedprovinceisGuangdongandZhejiang,placessuchasJiangsu,Shanghai,AnhuiandShandongalsohasabiggerdevelopmentinrecentyears.
Althoughourcountrymoldtotalquantityhadatpresentachievedthesuitablescale,themoldlevelalsohastheverybigenhancement,afterbutdesignmanufacturehorizontaloverallriseandfallindustrydevelopedcountryandsoonYuDe,America,date,France,Italymany.Thecurrentexistencequestionandthedisparitymainlydisplayinfollowingseveralaspects:
(1)Thetotalquantityfallsshortofdemand
Domesticmoldassemblingonerateonly,about70%.Low-grademold,centerupscalemoldassemblingoneselfrateonlyhas50%about.
(2)theenterpriseorganizationalstructure,theproductstructure,thetechnicalstructureandtheimportandexportstructuredoesnotgather
inourcountrymoldproductionfactorytobemostisfromthelabormoldworkshopwhichproducesassemblesoneself(branchfactory),fromproducesassemblesoneselftheproportiontoreachashighasabout60%,buttheoverseasmoldultra70%isthecommoditymold.Thespecializedmoldfactorymostlyis"largeandcomplete","smallandentire"organizationform,butoverseasmostlyis"smallbut","isspeciallysmallandfine".Domesticlarge-scale,precise,complex,thelonglifemoldaccountsforthetotalquantityproportiontobeinsufficient30%,butoverseasin50%above2004years,ratioofthemoldimportandexportis3.7:
1,theimportandexportbalancestheafternetimportvolumetoamountto1.32billionUSdollars,isworldmoldnetimportquantitybiggestcountry.
(3)Themoldproductlevelgreatlyislowerthantheinternationalstandard
Theproductioncycleactuallyishigherthantheinternationalwaterbroadproductlevellowmainlytodisplayinthemoldprecision,cavityaspectandsoonsurfaceroughness,lifeandstructure.
(4)Developstheabilitybadly,economicefficiencyunsatisfactoryourcountrymoldenterprisetechnicalpersonnelproportionlow
Thelevelislower,alsodoesnottaketheproductdevelopment,andisfrequentinthepassivepositioninthemarket.Ourcountryeachmoldstaffaverageyearcreationoutputvalueapproximately,tenthousandUSdollars,overseasmoldindustrydevelopedcountrymostly15to10,000USdollars,somereachashighas25to10,000USdollars,relativeisourcountryquitepartofmoldsenterprisesalsocontinuestousetheworkshoptypemanagementwithit,trulyrealizestheenterprisewhichthemodernizedenterprisemanagesfew
Tocreatetheabovedisparitythereasontobeverymany,themoldlong-termhasnotobtainedthevaluebesidesthehistoryinastheproductwhichshouldhave,aswellasthemoststate-ownedenterprisesmechanismcannotadaptthemarketeconomy,butalsohasthefollowingseveralreasons:
.
(1)Countrytomoldindustrypolicysupportdynamicsalsoinsufficiently
Althoughthecountryalreadywasclearabouthaspromulgatedthemoldprofessionindustrialpolicy,butnecessarypolicyfew,carriedoutdynamicstobeweak.Atpresentenjoyedthemoldproductincrementdutyenterprisenation185;themajorityenterprisestillthetaxburdenisonlyoverweight.Themoldenterprisecarriesonthetechnologicaltransformationsintroductionequipmenttohavetopaytheconsiderableamountthetaxmoney,affectsthetechnologyadvancement,moreoverprivatelyoperatedenterpriseloanextremelydifficult.
(2)Talentedpersonseriousinsufficient,thescientificresearchdevelopmentandthetechnicalattackinvestmenttoourine
moldprofessionisthetechnology,thefund,theworkcrowdedindustry,alongwiththetimeprogressandthetechnicaldevelopment,graspsthetalentedpersonwhichandskilledutilizesthenewtechnologyexceptionallyshort,thehigh-qualitymoldfitterandtheenterprisemanagementtalentextremelyisalsoanxious.Becausethemoldenterprisebenefitunsatisfactoryandtakesinsufficientlythescientificresearchdevelopmentandthetechnicalattack,thescientificresearchunitandtheuniversities,collegesandinstituteseyestaresatiscreatingincome,causesthemoldprofessioninveststoofewinthescientificresearchdevelopmentandthetechnicalattackaspect,causesthemoldtechnologicaldevelopmentstepdoenottobebig,progressesdoesnotbequick.
(3)Thecraftequipmentlevelislow,alsoisnotgood,theusingfactorislow.Recentyears,ourcountryenginebedprofessionprogressedquickly,hasbeenabletoprovidethequitecompleteprecisionworkequipment,butcomparedwiththeoverseasequipment,stillhadabiggerdisparity.Althoughthedomesticmanyenterpriseshaveintroducedmanyoverseasadvancedequipment,buttheoverallequipmentlevellowareverymorethantheoverseasmanyenterprises.Asaresultofaspecttheandsoonsystemandfundreason,introducestheequipmentnotnecessary,theequipmentandtheappendixnotnecessaryphenomenonareextremelycommon,theequipmentutilizationratelowquestioncannotobtainthecomparativelyproperlysolutionforalongtime.
(4)Specialization,standardization,commercializeddegreelow,thecooperationability
Becausereceives"largeandcomplete""smallandentire"theinfluencesincelongago,moldspecializationlevellow,thespecializedlabordivisionisnotcareful,thecommercializeddegreeislow.Atpresentdomesticeveryyearproducesmold,commoditymoldminister40%about,otherforfromproduceusesforoneself.Betweenthemoldsenterprisecooperatesimpeded,completesthecomparativelylarge-scalemoldcompletetaskwithdifficulty.Moldstandardizationlevellow,moldstandardletterusecaverareislowalsotothemoldquality,thecosthasamoretremendousinfluence,speciallyhasverytremendousinfluence.
(5)Tothemoldmanufacturecycle)themoldmaterialandthemoldcorrelationtechnologyfall
Themoldmaterialperformance,thequalityandthevarietyquestionoftencanaffectthemoldquality,thelifeandthecost,thedomesticallyproducedmoldingtoolsteelandoverseasimportsthesteelproductstocomparehasabiggerdisparity.Plastic,plate,equipmentenergybalance,alsodirectinfluencemoldlevelenhancement.
Atpresent,ourcountryeconomystillwasatthehighspeeddevelopmentphase,ontheinternationaleconomicalglobalizationdevelopmenttendencyisdaybydayobvious,thishasprovidedthegoodconditionandtheopportunityfortheourcountrymoldindustryhighspeeddevelopment.Ontheonehand,thedomesticmoldmarketwillcontinuehighspeedtodevelop,ontheotherhand,themoldmanufacturealsograduallywillshiftaswellasthetransnationalgrouptoourcountrycarriesonthemoldpurchasetrendtoourcountryextremelytobealsoobvious.Therefore,willtakeabroadviewthefuture,international,thedomesticmoldmarketoveralldevelopmenttendencyprospectwillfavor,estimatedtheChinesemoldwillobtainthehighspeeddevelopmentunderthegoodmarketenvironment,ourcountrynotonlycanbecomethemoldgreatnation,moreovercertainlygraduallywillmakethepowerfulnationtothemoldtherankstomakegreatstridesforward."15"period,theChinesemoldindustrylevelnotonlyhastheverybigenhanceme
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