1993年考研英语真题及答案.docx
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1993年考研英语真题及答案.docx
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1993年考研英语真题及答案
1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
SectionI:
StructureandVocabulary
Ineachsentence,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.PutyourchoicesintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)
1.Theboarddeemediturgentthatthesefiles________rightaway.
[A]hadtobeprinted
[B]shouldhavebeenprinted
[C]mustbeprinted
[D]shouldbeprinted
2.Thelocalhealthorganizationisreported________twenty-fiveyearsagowhenDr.Audonbecameitsfirstpresident.
[A]tobesetup
[B]beingsetup
[C]tohavebeensetup
[D]havingbeensetup
3.TheschoolboardlistenedquietlyasJohnreadthedemandsthathisfollowers________for.
[A]bedemonstrating
[B]demonstrate
[C]hadbeendemonstrating
[D]havedemonstrated
4.Tedhadtoldmethathealwaysescapes________ashehasgotaveryfastsportcar.
[A]tofine
[B]tobefined
[C]beingfined
[D]havingbeenfined
5.MorethanonethirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia,________inSanFrancisco.
[A]previously
[B]predominantly
[C]practically
[D]permanently
6.Prof.Lee’sbookwillshowyou________canbeusedinothercontexts.
[A]thatyouhaveobserved
[B]thathowyouhaveobserved
[C]howthatyouhaveobserved
[D]howwhatyouhaveobserved
7.Allfights________becauseofthesnowstorm,wedecidedtotakethetrain.
[A]werecanceled
[B]hadbeencanceled
[C]havingcanceled
[D]havingbeencanceled
8.Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably________reportonlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails.
[A]concise
[B]clear
[C]precise
[D]elaborate
9.Withprices________somuch,it’shardforthecompanytoplanabudget.
[A]fluctuating
[B]waving
[C]swinging
[D]vibrating
10.Expertsaywalkingisoneofthebestwaysforapersonto________healthy.
[A]preserve
[B]stay
[C]maintain
[D]reserve
11.Expectednoisesareusuallymore________thanunexpectedonesofthelikemagnitude.
[A]manageable
[B]controllable
[C]tolerable
[D]perceivable
12.Itisn’tsomuchwhetherheworkshard;thequestioniswhetherheworks________.
[A]aboveall
[B]inall
[C]atall
[D]afterall
13.Thereisanincorrectassumptionamongscientistsandmedicalpeoplethateveryoneagrees________whatconstitutesabenefittoanindividual.
[A]on
[B]with
[C]to
[D]in
14.Alltheinformationwehavecollectedinrelationtothatcase________verylittle.
[A]makesupfor
[B]addsupto
[C]comesupwith
[D]putsupwith
15.Areallypowerfulspeakercan________thefeelingsoftheaudiencetothefeverofexcitement.
[A]workout
[B]workover
[C]workat
[D]workup
16.Beforethestudentssetoff,theyspentmuchtimesettingalimit________theexpensesofthetrip.
[A]to
[B]about
[C]in
[D]for
17.AccordingtothepsychoanalystSigmundFreud,wisdomcomesfromthe________ofmaturity.
[A]fulfillment
[B]achievement
[C]establishment
[D]accomplishment
18.FromthetearsinNedra’seyeswecandeducethatsomethingsad________.
[A]musthaveoccurred
[B]wouldhaveoccurred
[C]mightbeoccurring
[D]shouldoccur
19.YoucanarriveinBeijingearlierforthemeeting________youdon’tmindtakingthenighttrain.
[A]provided
[B]unless
[C]though
[D]until
20.Hardlyamonthgoesbywithout________ofanothersurveyrevealingnewdepthsofscientificilliteracyamongU.S.citizens.
[A]words
[B]aword
[C]theword
[D]word
21.Ifyou________JerryBrownuntilrecently,you’dthinkthephotographontherightwasstrange.
[A]shouldn’tcontact
[B]didn’tcontact
[C]weren’ttocontact
[D]hadn’tcontacted
22.Someteenagersharborageneralizedresentmentagainstsociety,which________themtherightsandprivilegesofadults,althoughphysicallytheyaremature.
[A]deprives
[B]restricts
[C]rejects
[D]denies
23.Imustgonow.________,ifyouwantthatbookI’llbringitnexttime.
[A]Incidentally
[B]Accidentally
[C]Occasionally
[D]Subsequently
24.Thereisnoreasontheyshouldlimithowmuchvitaminyoutake,________theycanlimithowmuchwateryoudrink.
[A]muchmorethan
[B]nomorethan
[C]nolessthan
[D]anymorethan
25.Though________inSanFrancisco,DaveMitchellhadalwayspreferredtorecordtheplainfactsofsmall-townlife.
[A]raised
[B]grown
[C]developed
[D]cultivated
26.Mostelectronicdevicesofthiskind,________manufacturedforsuchpurposes,aretightlypacked.
[A]thatare
[B]asare
[C]whichis
[D]itis
27.Asforthewinter,itisinconvenienttobecold,withmostof________furnacefuelisallowedsavedforthedawn.
[A]what
[B]that
[C]which
[D]such
28.AchievingahighdegreeofproficiencyinEnglishasaforeignlanguageisnotamysterious________withoutscientificbasic.
[A]process
[B]practice
[C]procedure
[D]program
29.Wecannotalways________thewind,sonewwindmillsshouldbesodesignedthattheycanalsobedrivenbywater.
[A]hangon
[B]counton
[C]holdon
[D]comeon
30.Thestormsweepingoverthisareanowissuretocause________ofvegetablesinthecomingdays.
[A]rarity
[B]scarcity
[C]invalidity
[D]variety
SectionII:
ReadingComprehension
Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked[A],[B],[C],and[D].Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosetheanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebrackets.(30points)
Text1
Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneedwithoutwhichachildatacriticalperiodoflifecanbestarvedanddamaged?
JudgingfromthedrasticexperimentofFrederickIIinthethirteenthcentury,itmaybe.Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue,hetoldthenursestokeepsilent.
Alltheinfantsdiedbeforethefirstyear.Butclearlytherewasmorethanlackoflanguagehere.Whatwasmissingwasgoodmothering.Withoutgoodmothering,inthefirstyearoflifeespecially,thecapacitytosurviveisseriouslyaffected.
TodaynosuchseverelackexistsasthatorderedbyFrederick.Nevertheless,somechildrenarestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothesignalsoftheinfant,whosebrainisprogrammedtolearnlanguagerapidly.Ifthesesensitiveperiodsareneglected,theidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandtheymightneverbelearnedsoeasilyagain.Abirdlearnstosingandtoflyrapidlyattherighttime,buttheprocessisslowandhardoncethecriticalstagehaspassed.
Expertssuggestthatspeechstagesarereachedinafixedsequenceandataconstantage,buttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeofhighIQ.Attwelveweeksababysmilesandmakesvowel-likesounds;attwelvemonthshecanspeaksimplewordsandunderstandsimplecommands;ateighteenmonthshehasavocabularyofthreetofiftywords.Atthreeheknowsabout1,000wordswhichhecanputintosentences,andatfourhislanguagediffersfromthatofhisparentsinstyleratherthangrammar.
Recentevidencesuggeststhataninfantisbornwiththecapacitytospeak.Whatisspecialaboutman’sbrain,comparedwiththatofthemonkey,isthecomplexsystemwhichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,atoy-bearwiththesoundpattern“toy-bear.”Andevenmoreincredibleistheyoungbrain’sabilitytopickoutanorderinlanguagefromthemixtureofsoundaroundhim,toanalyze,tocombineandrecombinethepartsofalanguageinnewways.
Butspeechhastobeinduced,andthisdependsoninteractionbetweenthemotherandthechild,wherethemotherrecognizesthesignalsinthechild’sbabbling(咿呀学语),graspingandsmiling,andrespondstothem.Insensitivityofthemothertothesesignalsdullstheinteractionbecausethechildgetsdiscouragedandsendsoutonlytheobvioussignals.Sensitivitytothechild’snon-verbalsignalsisessentialtothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.
31.ThepurposeofFrederickII’sexperimentwas________.
[A]toprovethatchildrenarebornwiththeabilitytospeak
[B]todiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakwithouthearinganyhumanspeech
[C]tofindoutwhatrolecarefulnursingwouldplayinteachingachildtospeak
[D]toprovethatachildcouldbedamagedwithoutlearningalanguage
32.Thereasonsomechildrenarebackwardinspeakingismostprobablythat________.
[A]theyareincapableoflearninglanguagerapidly
[B]theyareexposedtotoomuchlanguageatonce
[C]theirmothersrespondinadequatelytotheirattemptstospeak
[D]theirmothersarenotintelligentenoughtohelpthem
33.Whatisexceptionallyremarkableaboutachildisthat________.
[A]heisbornwiththecapacitytospeak
[B]hehasabrainmorecomplexthanananimal’s
[C]hecanproducehisownsentences
[D]heoweshisspeechabilitytogoodnursing
34.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeinferredfromthepassage?
[A]Thefacultyofspeechisinborninman.
[B]Encouragementisanythingbutessentialtoachildinlanguagelearning.
[C]Thechild’sbrainishighlyselective.
[D]Mostchildrenlearntheirlanguageindefinitestages.
35.Ifachildstartstospeaklaterthanothers,hewill________.
[A]haveahighIQ
[B]belessintelligent
[C]beinsensitivetoverbalsignals
[D]notnecessarilybebackward
Text2
Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic(官僚主义的)managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthiso
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