福建省高三英语模拟试题及答案.docx
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福建省高三英语模拟试题及答案.docx
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福建省高三英语模拟试题及答案
福建省 2020 年高考英语模拟试题及答案
(一)
(试卷满分 150 分,考试时间 120 分钟)
考生注意事项:
1.答卷前,着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。
2.回蓉选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B 铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改
动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷
上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分 30 分)(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、BC 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
With its snow-covered mountains and a variety of wildlife, Yellow Stone National Park is one of the
scenic treasures of the United States. Located primarily in Wyoming, the park hosts millions of visitors
every year. If you plan to travel within the park, keep in mind advice from the National Park Service.
Seasonal Travel
Travel varies vastly from season to season. Roads are generally open in the summer except for cases
of rock or mud slides, wild fires, accidents or road construction. Early snows in the fall can cause some
roads to close temporarily. In the winter almost all roads are closed to motor vehicles, but snowmobiles and
other snow vehicles with tracks are allowed. Roads begin to open for the spring by the latter part of April
but can close if snowfall continues.
Driving Time
Grand Loop is the main road through Yellowstone National Park; it passes by most of the major
attractions. These include Old Faithful, Yellowstone Lake and the Grand Canyon of Yellowstone. The
maximum speed limit on the Grand Loop is 45 miles per hour, but the speed limit drops during some of the
winding and twisting sections of this narrow road. Allow yourself at least two days to fully travel the loop
due to the size of the park and being sometimes stuck in heavy traffic.
Safety Awareness
Buffalo(水牛)often block the roads in the park as they move through the fields. If a group is traveling
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across the road you are on you can either wait for them to pass or find an alternative route. If you get out
of your vehicle, the National Park Service says to stay at least 25 yards from any buffalo (and 100 yards or
more away from bears and wolves). Buffalo are particularly unpredictable and charge people at speeds up
to 30 mph.
You can take your bicycle on any public roads and routes designed for bikes, but bicycles are not
allowed on the park roads which are narrow with few shoulders. Altitudes range from 5, 300 to 8, 860 feet.
The National Park Service recommends cyclists wear helmets and noticeable clothing.
1. What do we know about travelling in the Yellowstone Park?
A. Roads will stay open in case of emergency.
B. Traffic jam happens from time to time.
C. The driving speed on the road can be 50 mph.
D. Motor vehicles are allowed in the winter.
2. What does the National Park Service suggest people do about safety?
A. Stay inside the car throughout the travel.
B. Get out of their vehicles when coming across the Buffalo.
C. Wear the easy-to-see clothes while bicycling.
D. Avoid bicycling on the public roads.
3. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A guidebook.B. A commercial advertisement.
C. A research paper.D. A geography textbook.
B
Most adults firmly believe that as kids reach their teens, they start to take crazy risks that get them in
trouble. Do teenagers simply love taking all risks much more than adults?
A recent study suggests
otherwise.
Scientists designed a simple experiment involving 33 teenagers and three other age groups. In the
experiment, the researchers tried to distinguish between two very different kinds of risk-taking. The first
they called a willingness to take known risks (when the probability of winning is clear) and the second they
called a willingness to take unknown risks (when the possibility of success is uncertain).
The study offered participants the opportunity to play two kinds of games. They had the chance to win
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money, with one game offering a known risk and the other offering an unknown risk. On each round of the
game, each participant had to choose between taking a sure $5 and known or unknown risks of winning a
lot more. If on one particular round they had picked the $5 for sure choice, then they got $ 5. But if on that
round they had chosen to take a risk, the rules of the game will determine whether or not they had won. If
they did win, they went home with between $8 and $125. And, of course, if they lost, they went home with
nothing.
What the scientists found was really quite surprising. It turned out that the average teenager was very
hesitant when risks were known—more careful than college students or parents-aged adults, and about as
careful as grandparent-aged adults. This means that when the risks were known, teenagers were not risky in
their behavior at all. Only when the risks were unclear did teenagers choose them more often than other
groups. Under those kinds of conditions, they were much more willing to take a risk than any other group.
So, what does all of this mean?
The research suggests that adults should probably focus more energy
on trying to educate teenagers about risks than limiting them. Teenagers who understand the risks
associated with a decision are more likely to be careful in their behavior.
4. This experiment was carried out by
A. dividing the teens into three groups
B. comparing the reactions to different risks
C. giving equal amount of awards to the participants
D. observing the emotional changes of the teenager
5. When facing known risks, teenagers tended to be ________.
A. ambits
C. anxious
B. cautious
D. curious
6. Which group in the study were more likely to take unknown risks?
A. Teenagers.
C. Parent-aged adults.
B. College students.
D. Grandparent-aged adults.
7. According to the study, parents should focus on ________.
A. guaranteeing children to be careful
B. setting age limits on dangerous activities
C. respecting teens to make their own choices
D. guiding teens to learn more about the effect of risks
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C
Trees, some of the tallest in the world, towered above Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues each
morning as they walked deep into the rainforest in the Maliau Basin in Borneo, where they had set up a set
(
of experiments to look at the ecological effects of small creatures:
termites 白蚁).
Termites get a bum rap. They make headlines for chewing up billions of dollars of property each year
in the U. S. And they are responsible for something like two percent of global carbon emissions, simply as
a result of their huge populations and preference for chewing through carbonrich materials. A whole
industry is aiming at killing them.
But they play a key role in many natural ecosystems. Scientists have known for years that in tropical
(热带的) forests, termites chew up fallen leaves and dead wood, keeping the fallen material under control
and letting nutrients from the dead material back into the system to be used by other plants, insects, and
animals. But they didn’t know exactly how important the insects were in keeping the forest healthy and
functional, so they removed termites from a particular spot in the forest and saw how it responded.
As luck would have it, Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues started their experiment when the forest
was hit by an extreme drought (干旱). During the non-drought years, they saw there wasn’t much
difference between the normal plots and the ones where they’d removed the termites. But during the
drought, the effects were marked. What they found was unexpected:
in the termite-rich areas, the soil
stayed slightly wet, more tree seedlings sprouted (抽芽), and the system was full of activity despite the long,
hard dry spell.
For Griffiths, it was only because they happened to study the drought that they could pick out the real
importance of termites to the system, she points out. “And that rings alarm bells in my head,” she says,
“because it makes me think, well what else don’t we know?
If we start damaging biological communities,
we don’t know what that will do.”
8. Which of the following best explains “a bum rap” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A. Unfair blame.
C. Public attention.
B. Wide popularity.
D. Special preference.
9. What have scientists learned about termites?
A. They do serious harm to tropical rainforests.
B. They contribute a lot to the ecosystem they live in.
C. They act as food for other plants, insects and animals.
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D. They speed up the loss of nutrition in the rainforest.
10. What can we infer from the finding of Griffiths experiment?
A. Termites help rainforests survive climate change.
B. Termites prefer drought years to non-drought ones.
C. Termites benefit more from the forest during the drought.
D. Termites enjoy eating tree seedlings during the drought.
11. What does Griffiths tell us in the last paragraph?
A. Termites are now in danger of extinction.
B. Termites damage biological communities.
C. We should think twice before damaging a species.
D. We should study the drought to improve the system.
D
If humans pump enough carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere, the stratocumulus clouds(层积云 )
could disappear, and the earth's temperature could climb sharply to heights not predicted in current climate
models. It would burn the planet. That's the conclusion of a paper published in the journalNature
Geoscience and described in detail by Natalie Wolchover forQuanta Magazine.
As Wolchover explained, clouds have long been one of the great uncertainties of climate models.
Computer models that easily capture the complexity and detail of most climate systems just aren't powerful
enough to predict worldwide changes in cloud behavior. But clouds are important. They reflect sunlight
away from the earth's surface. And stratocumulus clouds are those white blankets you might have seen as
you looked out the window of arm airplane, rolling out below you and hiding the ground Researchers
suspect that certain sudden, past jumps in temperature may have been caused by changes to clouds like
these.
For the new research, scientists
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