四级.docx
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四级.docx
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四级
大学英语四级考前模拟
PARTIWriting
注意:
此部分试题在答题卡1上
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
Directions:
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.
Forquestions1-7,mark
Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;
N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;
NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.
Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
PenguinDeclineDuetoGlobalWarming?
TheEarthisgettingwarmeraccordingtomostscientists.Inrecentyearsthatphenomenonhaspromptedresearcherstoinvestigatewhateffectrisingtemperaturesarehavingoncold-lovingpenguinsandotherwildlifespecies.
LesUnderhilldirectstheAvianDemographyUnitattheUniversityofCapeTowninSouthAfrica.HesuspectsthatglobalclimatechangemayberesponsiblefordecliningpenguinpopulationsonSouthAfrica'sPrinceEdwardIslands.
TheislandsdottheIndianOceansome1,000miles(1,770kilometers)offtheSouth
Africancoast.Mostoftheislands'penguincoloniesaredwindling.AccordingtoUnderhill,onereasonforthedeclinemaybeaclimate-inducedsouthwardshiftingoffood-richwaters.Thechangemayhaveforcedtheseabirdstoswimfarthertoforage(寻觅食物).
Underhillandhiscolleagueswillsoonbegintotestthisidea.Theresearchersplantoplaceelectronictrackingdevicesontheislands'penguinstorecordwhentheygoouttoseatogetfoodfortheirchicksandwhentheyreturn.
"Wesuspectthatoneoftheconsequencesofglobalclimatechangeisthatwithwarmerseas,thejourneyswillbecomelonger,"hesaidinaninterviewwiththeradioprogramPulseofthePlanet.
Food-RichWaters
ThePrinceEdwardIslandssitnearthesouthernboundaryoftheAntarcticCircumpolarCurrent(ACC).Itisinthesefood-richwatersthattheislands'penguinsarethoughttoforage.
Consideredthegreatestofalloceancurrents,theAntarcticCircumpolarCurrentmixeswatersfromtheIndian,Pacific,andAtlanticOceans.Itswirlsabout140millioncubicmetersofwaterpersecondaroundAntarctica.ThesouthernedgeofthecurrentismarkedbyaboundaryseparatingitfromthecoldcoastalwatersalongtheAntarcticcontinentalshelf.WaterstothenorthoftheboundaryareseveraldegreesCelsiuswarmerthanthosetothesouth."ThesouthernboundaryoftheACCisnotedforbeingafoodsource."saidEileenHofmann,anoceanographer(海洋学者)atOldDominionUniversityinNorfolk,Virginia.
Buttheboundaryisnotfixed.Itshiftsnorthandsouthwithinarangeofabout10to20kilometers.Thismaybedue,inpart,towesterlywindsthatcirclewhatmanycalltheSouthernOcean--thosepartsoftheIndian,Pacific,andAtlanticOceansthatsurroundAntarctica.
"Thequestioniswhetherornotthecurrentcore,thewholesystem,shiftsintoadifferentstate,"Hofmannsaid.Hofmannaddedthatthereiscurrentlynoevidencetosuggestthewholesystemisshifting.Rather,theinfluenceofaclimatechange-inducedshiftisatopicofscientificspeculation(推测).
Underhill,theUniversityofCapeTownresearcher,speculatesthatasouthwardtrendingboundarycouldbeadverselyinfluencingpenguincoloniesonthePrinceEdwardIslands.Inresponse,Hofmannsaiditispossiblethatsouthwardmovementofthecurrentcouldbehurtingpenguins,ifthatareaisindeedwherethepenguinsgotoforage.
"It'sdocumentedthatalotofSouthernOceanwhalepopulationsareassociatedwiththeboundaryandfeedalongtheboundary,"shesaid."Itwouldn'tbetoosurprisingifpenguinsdothesamething."
AntarcticleeChanges
WayneTrivelpiecedirectsAntarcticseabirdresearchfortheU.S.AntarcticResearchDivisionattheSouthwestFisheriesScienceCenterinLaJolla,California.HesaidchangesinAntarcticicecyclesareinfluencingthepenguincolonieshestudiesontheAntarcticPeninsula(半岛).
Averagewintertimetemperaturesonthepeninsula,Trivelpiecesaid,haverisenbyabout5degreesCelsiusinthelast50years.Asaresult,packicethatonceformedeverywinternowhasacyclicalnaturetoit.
"Foracoupleofwintersinarowthere'siceintheseareas,thenthere'sthreetofiveyearswithnoice”.hesaid.
Trivelpiece'sresearchshowsacorrelationbetweenpackiceandtheavailabilityofalgae(海藻)forkrill(磷虾),amainstapletothepenguindiet.Inwinter,algaeaccrete(依附)ontopackice.Later,meltingicemakesthealgaeavailabletokrillduringthespringbreedingtime.Penguins,inturn,eatthekrill.Butwhenthereisnoice,thereisnoalgae--aphenomenonthatdisruptsthefoodchain.
Duringyearsthatfollowedwinterswithlotsofice.Trivelpieceandhiscolleagueshavefoundamplesmallkrill.Butinyearsofnoseaice,thekrilltheresearchersfoundweresignificantlylarger.Ineachsuccessiveyearwithoutwinterseaice,thekrillgetprogressivelylarger.
ThiscycleisreflectedintherateinwhichyoungpenguinssurvivetoreachbreedingageontheAntarcticPeninsula.Withlesskrilltogoaroundduringtheice-freeyears,fewerpenguinssurvivetoadulthood.Inthelastdecadethepenguinpopulationshavedeclinedbyalmost50percent.
TrivelpiececautionsthatthisfindingisspecifictotheAntarcticPeninsula.InmoresoutherlyregionsofAntarctica,penguinpopulationsareactuallygettinglarger,owingtothewarmingtemperatures.
Forexample,intheIndianOceanregionofAntarctica,icestillformseachwinter.Butowingtothewarmertemperatures,theicebreaksupearlier,givingpenguinsaccesstotheirprimaryfoodsourceearlierinthebreedingseason.This,inturn,hasledtohigherreproductivesuccessandincreasingpopulationsinthisregion.
注意:
此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答;8-10在答题卡1上。
1.Themainideaofthepassageisthatglobalwarmingmayberesponsiblefordecliningpenguinpopulations.
2.Penguinsareanimalsthatlikecoldclimate,notwarmone.
3.TheboundaryofAntarcticisfixedanditiswithinarangeofabout10to20kilometers.
4.Whenthepenguinsgotoforage,theyarealwayshurtbysouthwardmovementofthecurrent.
5.Penguins'populationslikethoseofwhalesareassociatedwiththeboundaryandfeedalongtheboundary.
6.Accordingtoscientists,thepenguincolonieshavebeeninfluencedbythechangesinAntarcticicecircles.
7.Inthemiddleoflastcentury,averagewintertimetemperatureonthepeninsulawasabout10degreelowerthannow.
PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)
Directions:
Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.
注意:
此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
SectionA
11.A.Toahospital.B.Toabookshop.C.Toadepartmentstore.D.Tothegrocer’s
12.A.Aguestandawaitress.B.Apassengerandanairhostess.
C.Aguestandareceptionist.D.Acustomerandashopassistant.
13.A.Theweatherwasalittlebithot.B.Theweatherwasalittlebitcold.
C.Theweatherwascoolerthanexpected.D.Theweatherwasbad.
14.A.SheinvitesthemantovisittheForbiddenCitywithher.
B.ShehasvisitedtheForbiddenCitytwice.
C.ShehasvisitedtheForbiddenCityonce.
D.ShewillgotoBeijinginJune.
15.A.Hedoesn’twanttogoshoppingwiththewoman.
B.HewantstogoshoppingwithDr.Johnson.
C.Hecan’tgooutwiththewoman.
D.HecangoshoppingwiththewomanafterhisappointmentwithDr.Johnson.
16.A.Verysorry.B.Abitannoyed.C.Lonely.D.Surprised.
17.A.HeonceborrowedFrank’sknife.B.Theknifebelongstohim.
C.Frank’sknifeisn’tasgoodashis.D.Frankshouldmindhisownbusiness.
18.A.Itwillprobablyraintomorrow.B.Sheneedsanewraincoatorumbrella.
C.Shedoesn’tknowwherethemanputhisraincoatorumbrella.
D.Shedoesn’tknowwhattheweatherwillbeliketomorrow.
Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
19.A.AnAmericanbaseballplayerinNewYork.B.AforeignbasketballplayerintheU.S.A.
C.AforeignbaseballplayerintheU.S.A.D.AnAmericanbasketballplayerinSpain.
20.A.HowlonghasthemanstayedinU.S.A.?
B.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthavingalotofmoney?
C.Hasthemanthoughtofhowmuchmoneyhehasearned?
D.Hasthemanthoughtofhowtomakemuchmoremoneythanhedoesnow?
21.A.Hisenthusiasmforstudyandsports.B.Someeconomicfactors.
C.Thedreamofhavingalotofmoney.D.Thedreamofbeingthebestplayer.
22.A.It’suptohisparents.B.Itdependsonhismood.
C.Themoresuitableishispreference.D.Themoreimportantishispreference.
Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
23.A.Themanatfirstmisunderstoodandcriticizedthewoman.
B.Themandidn’twanttohelpthewoman.
C.Themanwassoangrythathefinallydismissedthewoman.
D.Themanwasveryangrythatthecouplehaddisappeared.
24.A.Shewaslookingforthemanagerofthestore.
B.ShewaslookingforaCDforthecustomers.
C.Shewaslookingfortheaddressofthemanager.
D.ShewaslookingforthecouplewhowantedtheCD.
25.A.Thecouple’sspecialheight.B.Thefemalecustomer’scurlyblondhair.
C.Themalecustomer’sredhair.D.Thefemalecustomer’sclothes.
SectionB
Direction:
Inthissection,youwillhear3passages.Attheendo
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