考研英语二真题与答案完整版.docx

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考研英语二真题与答案完整版

2015年考研英语二真题及答案（完整版）

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,C

orDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith-orevenlookingat-a

strangerisvirtuallyunbearable.Everyonearoundusseemstoagreebythewaytheyclingtotheir

phones,evenwithouta1onasubway.

It‘sasadrea-litoyurdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeings-becausethere‘s2

tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldn‘tknowit,3in

phone.Thisuniversalprotectionsendsthe4:

―Pleasedon‘tapproachme.‖

Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohid5ourscreens?

Oneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,anexecutivementalcoach.Wefear

rejection,orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6as―weird.‖Wefearwe‘ll

we‘llbedisruptive.

Strangersareinherently8tous,sowearemorelikelytofeel9whencommunicatingwith

themcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintances.Toavoidthisuneasiness,we10toturnour

phones.―Phonesbecomeoursecurityblanket,‖Wortmannsays.―Theyareoutrhappyglasse

protectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore11.‖

Butonceweripofftheband-aid,tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlookup,itdoesn

12sobad.Inone2011experiment,behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJuliana

Schroederaskedocmmuterstodotheunthinkable:

―Starta13.TheyhadChicagotraincommuters

talktotheirfellow14.WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrain

stationto15howthewouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir16would

bemorepleasantiftheysatonthierown,‖TheNewYorkTimessummarizes.Thoughthe

participantsdidn‘texpectapositiveexperience,afterthey17withtheexperiment,

personreportedhavingbeenembarrassed.‖

18thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosewithout

communication,whichmakesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.

It'sthat20:

Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected.

1.[A]ticket[B]permit[C]signal[D]record

2.[A]nothing[B]little[C]another[D]much

3.[A]beaten[B]guided[C]plugged[D]brought

4.[A]message[B]code[C]notice[D]sign

5.[A]under[B]beyond[C]behind[D]from

6.[A]misinterpreted[B]misapplied[C]misadjusted[D]mismatched

7.[A]fired[B]judged[C]replaced[D]delayed

8.[A]unreasonable[B]ungrateful[C]unconventional[D]unfamiliar

9.[A]comfortable[B]anxious[C]confident[D]angry

10.[A]attend[B]point[C]take[D]turn

11.[A]dangerous[B]mysterious[C]violent[D]boring

12.[A]hurt[B]resist[C]bend[D]decay

13.[A]lecture[B]conversation[C]debate[D]negotiation

14.[A]trainees[B]employees[C]researchers[D]passengers

15.[A]reveal[B]choose[C]predict[D]design

16.[A]voyage[B]flight[C]walk[D]ride

17.[A]wentthrough[B]didaway[C]caughtup[D]putup

18.[A]Inturn[B]Inparticular[C]Infact[D]Inconsequence

19.[A]unless[B]since[C]if[D]whereas

20.[A]funny[B]simple[C]logical[D]rare

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,C,orD.

MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurvey，speopleareactuallymorestressedat

homethanatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeople‘scortisol,weshsicmhaisrkaesr,trwhilethey

wereatwereworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobea

placeofrefuge.

―Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenaswellasmenhave

lowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome.‖Writeoneoftheresearchers,SarahDamaske.Infact

womenevensaytheyfeelbetteratwork,shenotes,―Itismen,notwomen,whoreportbeing

happierathomethanatwork.‖Anothersurpriseisthatthefindingsholdtrueforboththosewith

childrenandwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypeoplewhoworkoutsidethehome

havebetterhealth.

Whatthestudydoesn‘tmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhenthey‘

whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendofthe

workdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhosayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.And

forwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,theyoftenareplayingcatch—up—with—householdtasks.

Withtheblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplacein

makingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,it‘snotsurprisingthatwomenaremorestressedat

home.

Butit‘snotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwhatthey‘res

bedoing：

working,makingmoney,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.

Thebargainisverypure;Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedraws

outlife—sustainingmoola.

Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthe

divisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobedone,there

areinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleague—syourfamily—havenoclear

rewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleague—syourfamily—havenoclearrewardsfortheir

labor;theyneedtobetalkedintoit,orifthey‘reteenagers,threatenedwithcompleterem

allelectronicdevices.Plus,they‘reyourfamily.Youcannotfir.eYyoouunrefavmerilyreallyget

togohomefromhome.

Soit‘snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparently

infinite,theco—workersaremuchhardertomotivate.

21.AccordingtoParagraph1，mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome.

[A]wasanunrealisticplaceforrelaxation

[B]generatedmorestressthantheworkplace

[C]wasanidealplaceforstressmeasurement

[D]offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace

22.AccordingtoDamaske，whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome?

[A]Workingmothers

[B]Childlesshusbands

[C]Childlesswives

[D]Workingfathers

23.Theblurringofworkingwomen‘srolesreferstothefactthat.

[A]theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives

[B]theirhomeisalsoaplaceforkickingback

[C]thereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftbehind

[D]itisdifficultforthemtoleavetheiroffice

24.Theword―moola‖（T，inePa4ra4）mostprobablymeans.

[A]energy

[B]skills

[C]earnings

[D]nutrition

25.Thehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceinthat.

[A]homeishardlyacozierworkingenvironment

[B]divisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cut

[C]householdtasksaregenerallymoremotivating

[D]familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewarded

Text2

Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestuden–tthosewhodonothavea

parentwithacollegedegree–lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.

Theirgradesarelowerthanandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremost

likelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshave

pushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated―aparadox‖inthatrecruitin

first-generationstudent,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas

―continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose.‖Anachievementgapbasedonsocial

accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychological

Science.

Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,

suggestingthatanapproach（whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram）canclose63

percentoftheachievementgap（measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades）betweenfirst-generationand

otherstudents.

Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedona

studyinvolving147students（whocompletedtheproject）atanunnamedprivateuniversity.First

generationwasdefinedasnothavingparentwithfour-yearcollegedegree.Mostofthe

first-generationstudents（59.1percent）wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantof

undergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswithat

leastoneparentwithfour-yeardegree.

Theirthesis–thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact–wasbasedon

theviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpractical

knowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepast

researchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosethe

achievementgap.

Manyfirst-generationstudents―struggledtonavigatethe-cmlaisdsdcleultureofhigher

education,learnthe?

rulesofthegame,‘andtakeadvanretasgoeurocfecso,lle‖getheywrite.And

thisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollegesdon‘ttalkabouttheclassadvantagesand

disadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents.BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldom

acknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudentseducational‘experiences,manyfirst-generation

studentslackofsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandstudents?

likethem

canimprove.‖

26.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas.

[A].reducedtheirdropoutrates

[B].narrowedtheachievementgap

[C].misseditsoriginalpurpose

[D].depressedcollegestudents

27.Theauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause.

[A].theproblemissolvable

[B].theirapproachiscostless

[C].therecruitingratehasincreased

[D].theirfindingsappealtostudents

28.Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents.

[A].studyatprivateuniversities

[B].arefromsingle-parentfamilies

[C].areinneedoffinancialsupport

[D].havefailedthe