船长面试问题及参考答案.docx
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船长面试问题及参考答案.docx
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船长面试问题及参考答案
船长面试问题及参照答案
船长是船上最重要职位,也是个方面规定最高职位。
船东在面试船员时对船长考核最认真,最费时间,也是最复杂,作为一名合格船长,不但规定有丰富海上工作经历、娴熟船舶驾驶经验和技术,更要有较好商务操作能力、领导管理能力、极佳个人人品、强大人格魅力和感召力。
还要勤于动脑、身体力行,在所有船员面前树立典范。
船东在进行面试时,往往提问船长问题最多,也最复杂,考察时间也最长。
提问船长问题涉及到国际安全管理规则、安全管理体系、船长资历、船舶管理、各种详细商务和技术问题等等。
下面收集了一某些面试试题,供广大面试船长参照。
其中某些问题,不但船长必备,其她干部船员,特别是大副也必要看,轮机长也应当参照一下。
1.Canyoutellmeaboutyoureducationalbackground?
实事求是,最佳告诉人家在某个学校学了多长时间,最佳也要告诉人家你接受某些社会培训状况,谦虚好学毕竟是一种美德嘛。
Pleaserefertoamaster’sself-introductioninPartOneofthisbook.
2.Whatisaclassificationsociety?
Whatisthepurposeofclassificationsurvey?
Pleaselistsomefamousclassificationsocietiesintheword.
Aclassificationsocietyisusuallyanindependentorganizationthatcarriesoutclassificationsurveys,statutorysurveys,surveysrelatedtoanotarymattersforships,offshoreinstallations,marinefreightcontainers,materialsandmarineequipments.Italsoprovidessafetymanagementcertificationservicestoshippingcompaniesandtheirships.Thepurposeofclassificationsurveyistoevaluatethesituationofashipandthemanagementofacompanyanditsship.
Someofthefamousclassificationsocietiesare:
NK(Japanese日本海事协会),CCS(Chinese),ABS(American),DNV(Norwegian),SL(BritishLloyd英国劳氏),GL(GermanLloyd德国劳氏),KR(Korea),RINA(意大利船级社).
3.Canyoutalkaboutthepreviousvesselsyouworkedonboard?
实事求是,若没有做过,千万不要伪造。
并且服务簿、书面简历以及你自己口头简介资历内容一定要一致,特别是时间、船型、航区、吨位、船员状况、外派公司、船东及租船公司状况,由于你是船长,应当对自己管理船有非常深印象。
Pleaserefertoanmaster’sself-introductioninPartOneofthisbook.
4.Whattypeofcargowascarriedonboardyourlastvessel?
曾经在什么船上工作过,运过什么货品也是船东非常关怀问题,由于船东在考虑把她一条船交给你时,对你与否运过某种她们船舶载货品非常核心。
由于你只有运过某种货品,才对这种货品特性、装卸时需要注意事项、运送途中需要注意事项有所理解和经验。
其实,你如果运过某些货品,你也应当说出来。
下面提供几种货品名称,供参照:
Bulkcargocement,cementclicker,nickel,ore,iron,sand,phosphorus,potashinbulk,salt,grain,petcoke,coaletc.,
Generalcargo:
vehicle,loader,wagon,heavylifts,over-lengthcargo,mineequipment,steelconstructionmaterial.Other:
Log,plywood,container,andsoon.
5.Whenwasyourlastvesseltradingarea,whichportshaveyoucalled?
IhaverichexperienceincallingtheportsintheUS,somedevelopingcountriesandinthepassagethroughtheSuezCanal,PanamaCanalandDenverStrait,andDenmarkStrait.
Someusefulexpressionsfortradingareas:
全球航线ocean-going,worldwidely,globally,worldwide;固定航线fixedroute.
6.CanyoutellmethedifferencesbetweentheChinesestatesownedshippingcompaniesandforeignshippingcompanies?
Basically,inmyopinion,therearenotbigdifferencesatall.Itseemstomethatforeignownersaremoreconcernedaboutthemaster’soverridingauthorityonboardwhiletheChineseshippingcompaniestendtoasktheirlocalagentstodomoreforthevessel.AnothermajordifferencebetweenthemisthattheSafetyManagementSystemoftheChinesecompaniesisinChineseandtheworkinglanguageonboardisChinese.What’smore,mostoftheChineseownersusetheCCSforclassificationwhileforeignownersmayusedifferentclassificationsocieties.
各个国家船公司均有自己特点和特色。
至于您如何回答这个问题并不重要,核心是不要妄自菲薄;试想一下,如果中华人民共和国船东一无是处话,咱们中华人民共和国船员素质又会如何呢?
7.Incaseofcargodamage,forexample,beforethevesselarrivesatthedischargingport,youfindthequalityofthesurfacecargohaschanged,howwouldyouhandleit?
Ihavetolookintothereasonandvolumeofthedamagefirst,andthenI’llcontacttheownerforinstruction.Intheeventofsmallquantityofgrain,Ishalljustthrowitintotheseatoavoiddisputes.OrIwillfollowtheowner’sinstructiontocontactit’stheP&Icorrespondentorlocalagentfortheiradvice.
Ifnecessary,I’llprepareaSeaProtesttoclaimthattheshipownerandthecrewhaveexercisedtheirduediligence.
关于货损失、方面解决程序,各个公司均有有关操作和程序文献,上面只是普通解决原则。
8.HowdoyouunderstandtheMaster’soverridingauthorityunderemergencysituations?
Ifthesituationandtimepermit,theMastershouldalwaysreporttothecompanyfirstbeforetakingactions.However,whentheshipisinimmediatedanger,theMastershallexercisehisoverridingauthorityandtakewhateveractionsnecessaryindealingwithanemergencysituationinordertoprotectthesafetyoftheseafarers,thecargo,thevessel,theportandtheenvironmentwithoutconsideringtoomuchthedemandsoftheshipownerandcharterer.Nevertheless,theMastershouldreporttothecompanyindetailwhathashappenedaftertheevent.
9.CanyoutellmeaboutyourexperienceasaCaptain?
Hints:
YourexperiencemayincludesuchthingsasthedurationyouhaveworkedasaCaptain,theplacesorportsyouhavebeeneverbeento,thetypesofvesselsyouhaveserved,thetypesforcargoyouhaveeverexperienced,themanagementstylesonthevessels,andsoon.
PleasealsorefertoChapterOneformoredetailedanswers.
10.WhatistheMaster’sStandingOrder?
ItisbasicallytheMaster’sownsetofinstructionsandordersforthevessel’soperation.Thecontentsmayincludethewatch-keepingdutiesfortheofficers,whentoaskfororderfromthemaster,theportentryprocedure,andhowtodealwithemergencysituationlikeoilpollution,firedisaster,collision,grounding,aswellaswhentocallthemastertothebridge,andsoon.Forspecialvessels(tanker,LPGorcarcarriers,etc.,)thestandingordersmayhavesomemorecontents.
TheStandingOrderisnormallyfoundonthefirstpagesofDeckLogBookandintheBridgeOrderBook.Besides,somewarningsshallbeprominentlypostedonthebridgeandreadandsignedbyalldutyofficers.
11.HowdoyouunderstandtheimportanceofkeepinggoodharmoniousrelationshipwiththeChiefEngineerandotherofficerandengineers?
WithoutharmoniousrelationshipwiththeChiefEngineerandotherofficersandengineer,theMastercannotmanagetheshipwell.ButhowcantheMasterachieveit?
Firstofall,theMastermusthaveclosecontactwiththedepartmentheadsbecausethedailymanagementisdelegatedtothemalthoughtheMasterhimselfisresponsiblefortheoverallsafetyandpersonnelmanagement.Secondly,theMasterhimselfmustknowhisjobwellandknowwhentodowhatandhow.Thirdly,theMastershouldbeverystrictinhimselfindisciplineandbehavior.Fourthly,heshouldbefairinjobassignment,paydistributionandotherdailymanagement.ButifsomeoneonboardbreakstheMaster’sorderortherulesonpurpose,theMasterwillhavetopenalizetheoffenderandcanconsiderfiringhimaccordingtotheprocedureoftheshipowner.
这是一种考验船长管理能力问题,也许不同船长有不同管理经验和办法,但是船东但愿船长在这方面有较好办法。
有些船长在回答此类问题时,会不假思考地说:
“Iwilldismissthosewhodonotlistentome”。
咱们这样船长未免太霸道了。
上述答案只是笔者个人看法,仅供参照。
12.Didyouhavetheexperienceofworkingwithforeigncrews?
Yes,IhaveworkedonfourshipsofmixedcrewfromChina,ChinaTaiwan,Philippine,Vietnam,Russia,SouthKorea,Japan,BurmaandUkraine.
实事求是。
但是,外派资历外国船东很看中事,如果你有较好外派资历,可千万不要错过让船东懂得机会。
13.HowdoyoudifferentiatetheChinesecrewsandthePilipinocrews?
OrhowdoyoulikePilipino(Korea,Vietnamese,Indian,Burmese,Ukrainian,Russian,Britishetc.)seaman?
IhadtheexperienceofworkingwiththeFilipinocrew.TheFilipinosaremostlyveryprofessionalandobedient.Sometimestheyarealsodemandingintermsofwages.Asawhole,theyareveryniceseafarers.
在回答此类问题时,切忌把其她国家海员说得一无是处,如果你以为人家什么都不是话,那么很难想象你在将来工作中能和人家配合好。
何况,无论哪个国家、哪个文化人均有好人和坏人。
要尽量说出人家长处。
船员队伍本来就很国际化,在一种类似“联合国”工作团队里,能和不同国籍、不同文化、不同性格人相处,显得十分重要。
14.Canyoutellmeaboutthecompaniesyouhaveworkedfor?
Whatarethedifferencesamongthesecompanies?
ThecompanyIhaveworkedforthepasttenyearsisastate-ownedcompany.Itisagoodcompany.Butthemanagementofthecompanyisinsomeways,differentfromforeignship-ownerscompanies.
实事求是。
同样,也不但愿你过多地贬低你曾经工作过公司,由于既然你憎恨所有本来公司,你也也许会憎恨你即将服务新公司。
而事情往往是,在船东以为,公司和船东发生冲突时,并不见得是你公司问题,也许是你本人就不适合在本来公司工作。
15.Howisapassage/voyageplanmadeonboardships?
Whatmaterialsdoyouneedtorefertowhenyoumakesuchplans?
Usually,apassageplanshouldbemadebeforeanewvoyagestarts.TheMastershouldgivetheSecondOfficerthesailinginstructionandhisintentionsonthesailingroutesandbeforetheSecondOfficerpreparesthedraftplan.ThentheMasterissupposedtocheckitverycarefully.Ifsomethingwrongisfoundinthepassageplan,theMastershouldasktheSecondOfficertocorrectitimmediately.Ifnothingiswrongaboutthedraft,theplanshallberatifiedandimplemented.
WhentheSecondOfficerismakingthedraftplan,theMastershouldhelpprovidesomeimportantinformationsourcesfortheSecondOfficerpreparesthedraftplan.ThentheMasterissupposedtocheckitverycarefully.Ifsomethingwrongisfoundinthepassageplan,theMastershouldasktheSecondOfficertocorrectitimmediately.Ifnothingiswrongaboutthedraft,theplanshallberatifiedandimplemented.
WhentheSecondOfficerismakingthedraftplan,theMastershouldhelpprovidesomeimportantinformationsourcesfortheSecondOfficer,suchastheportentryguidance,thesailingdirections,listsoflights,tidalstreamtables,deepdraughtvesselplanningguide,theIMOshiprouteguidance,governmentandportauthority’sregulations,pilotcharts,noticetomariner,weatherinformation,andthevoyageplanandsoon.
TheMastershouldensurethattheplancovers“berthtoberth”areainthepassage.AndtheMastershouldhelptheSecondOfficertoselectthebestsailingroutethatwillsavefuelandtime,andavoidbadweatherconditions.
16.CanyoudescribethepreparationproceduresbeforeenteringtheUSports?
First,Imustcheckallthecertificatesforthevesselandtheseamentomakesureallthenecessarycertificatesareavailabletodealwiththecustomsclearances,thesanitarychecksandotherportchecks.Inaddition,Imustpreparesuchpublicationsascurrentlycorrectednavigationalcharts,UScostalpilotguide,lightlistbook,tidetable,USinlandrulesofnavigation,a
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