最新高考英语分项突破训练阅读理解精析精练18人.docx
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最新高考英语分项突破训练阅读理解精析精练18人.docx
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最新高考英语分项突破训练阅读理解精析精练18人
2018高考英语分项突破训练·阅读理解精析精练人物传纪类
【精选试题】名校模拟题及其答案
Shewasborntowealthandpowerinanerawhenmoneyandpoliticswerelefttothemen.Later,asTheWashingtonPost’spublisher,KatharineGrahambecameoneofAmerica’smostpowerfulwomen.
Despiteaprivilegedbackground,Katharinehadtodeal,whilegrowingup,withthehighdemandshermotherplacedonher.Katharine’sloveofjournalism,whichshesharedwithherfather,ledtohercareeraftercollegeatTheWashingtonPost,thenewspaperherfatherboughtin1933.AtthePost,KatharinemetPhilGraham,ayoung,charminglawyerwhobecameherhusband.When,in1945,Katharine’sfatherchosePhiloverhertotakeoverhisstrugglingpaper,Katharinedidn’tobjectandstayedathomeasawifeandmotheroffour.
WhilePhil’ssuccessfuleffortstorestorethePosttoprominencemadetheGrahamspopularmembersoftheWashingtonsocialscene,Katharineprivatelysufferedtremendouspainfromherhusband’sincreasinglyabusivebehaviorandwildmoodswingscausedbyseveredepression.WhenPhilcommittedsuicide(自杀),the46-year-oldKatharinefoundherselfthrownintoanewjob,thatofnewspaperpublisher.Butdeterminedtosavethefamilypaperforherchildren,KatharinerosetothechallengeofrunningthePost,attendingmeetingsineverydepartment,workingendlesslytoproveherselftohercritics,andbecomingthetoastofWashington.
In1971,KatharineorderedthePosttoprintacopyofThePentagonPapers,thetop-secretdocumentsrevealingthetruthabouttheUnitedStates’involvementintheVietnamWar.What’smore,hercourageousdecisionandsupportforherjournalistspreparedthePosttobreakthemostimportantpoliticalstoryinmodernhistory:
Watergate(水门事件),oneofthegreatestscandals(丑闻)inAmericanpoliticalhistory. Katharinemanagedtokeepcontroloverthemostchaoticsituationswhenitwasreported,allthetimeinsistingthenewsstoriesbeaccurateandfair.WatergatemadeTheWashingtonPostaninternationallyknownpaperandKatharinewasconsideredasthemostpowerfulwomaninAmerica.
56.KatharineGrahamwasborninatimewhen_______.
A.womenwerenotgiventhechancetoreceiveeducation
B.womenwerenotconsideredasintelligentasmen
C.womenwerenotpermittedtoachievetheirgoals
D.womenwerenotallowedtoentereveryfield
57.Whenherhusbandwaschosentotakechargeofthenewspaper,KatharineGraham_______.
A.wasstronglyagainsttheidea
B.wasnothappytoberejected
C.waswillingtotakehershareofresponsibility
D.didn’tbelieveherhusbandwoulddoagoodjob
58.WhichcanbeconsideredthemostimportanteventinthehistoryofTheWashingtonPost?
A.ReportingWatergatescandal.
B.PrintingThePentagonPapers.
C.ReportingtheVietnamWar.
D.PhilrestoringthePost.
59.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.ItwasKatharineGraham’shusbandwhomadethegreatestcontributionstothePost.
B.WhenKatharineGrahamfirsttookoverthePost,hercriticsdoubtedherability.
C.KatharineGrahamwassuccessfulinhercareerbutsufferedseveredepression.
D.KatharineGrahamwasfreetodowhatevershelikedinherearlylife.
60.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.UpsanddownsofTheWashingtonPost
B.KatharineGraham’sfamilylifeandcareer
C.KatharineGraham:
fromhousewifetosuccessfulpublisher
D.KatharineGraham:
awomanwhoshapedAmericanjournalism
文章向我们讲述的是一位传奇式女性KatharineGraham如何从一位家庭主妇,通过苦心经营成为一位闻名于世的出版商的故事。
56.D
【解析】细节理解题。
由第一段第一句可知,凯瑟琳·格雷厄姆出生在一个政治和金钱被男人主宰的时代,不是每一个领域都允许女性进入的。
57.C
【解析】由第二段的最后一句可以推出:
当父亲将华盛顿邮报大权交给她丈夫时,她没有怨言,甘愿在家做全职主妇,养育4个孩子。
Mydadisveryuniquebecauseofhispersonalityandlifestyle.Forinstance,puthiswatchonhislefthand,eventhoughhe’salefty,andparkinghiscaronlyinthegarageisjusthisthinganddoesn’tchange.
Myfatheronlywearssuitsduringtheweekbecauseit’ssomethingveryprofessionalandformal.Helovestoteachwhatheknows,fromteachingmymother,aunt,andsistersdrivingskillstoteachinghiskidsvocabulary.Also,wheneverheisaskedtodosomethingatwork,whateveritis,hewillalwayscompletethetaskontime.
Mymotherbuysmostofhisclothes,ashehatesbigcrowds.Inhishouse,childrenwatchTVonlyafterfinishingallhomework,whichhebelievesisthebest,becausethechilddoeshishomeworkandstillstayshappy.
Oneofmyfather’smainfocusesinlifeismakingsurehischildrengrowuptherightway,likehedid.HegrewupwithonesisterinChicago.Ashegotolder,hegotmarriedtomymotherwhoisthreeyearsyoungerthanhim.
Mydadisanindividualwithnumerousqualities.Hispersonalityisjustverywonderfultolivewith.Themannersheshowsaresorefinedandprobablymuchbetterthanmostpeople.IadmiremyfatherandwanttobejustlikehimwhenIgrowup.
(1)Theauthorusedexamplesinthefirstparagraphtoshowhisfather______.
A.isastubbornman B.hasonlyonegarage
C.isauniqueperson D.doesn’twantanychange
(2)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheauthor’sfather?
______.
A.Heiskeenonshoppingverymuch B.HewantstolookprofessionalandformalC.Hetakesgoodcareofhischildren D.Heisalwayspunctualforthework
(3) Accordingtothepassage,theauthor’sfather______.
A.firstmethiswifeinChicago B.hasasisterthreeyearsyounger
C.gotmarriedataveryoldage D.getsalongwellwithhisfamily
(4) Wecaninferfromthetextthat______.
A.parentcouldhavegreatinfluenceontheirkids
B.fatherisalwaysthestrictestpersoninafamily
C.childrenwanttogrowupjustastheirfathers
D.goodpersonalitiesmakeapersonextraordinary
【文章大意】文章通过对父亲优秀品格的介绍,向我们描述了一个出色的父亲,说明了父母对孩子的成长影响深远。
(1)C
【解析】细节理解题。
由本段的结构可以看出,Forinstance后所举的例子是为了论证第一句话所提出的观点,就是“Mydadisveryunique”。
(2)A
【解析】细节判断题。
由第三段的“Mymotherbuysmostofhisclothes,ashehatesbigcrowds.”可以看出,爸爸讨厌购物,都是妈妈帮他买。
由此可以判断A项错误。
(3)D
【解析】推理判断题。
由文章的叙述来看,父亲和孩子们以及妻子相处得都很好。
A项没有提到;倒数第二段提到妈妈比爸爸小三岁,而不是他的妹妹比他小三岁,故排除B;倒数第二段中“gotolder”意思是长大,而不是变老,故排除C项。
本题难。
(4)A
【解析】推断题。
由文章的叙述结合最后一段的“IadmiremyfatherandwanttobejustlikehimwhenIgrowup.”可以看出,父母对孩子的影响很大。
IsabellaStewartwasborninNewYorkCityin1840.Herfathermadeagreatdealofmoneyinthetrade.Duringschool,herparentstookhertoItalytoexplorethecountry’smanyculturaltreasures.
OneoftheprivateartcollectionsIsabellavisitedinMilanhadadeepinfluenceonher.ShewrotetoherfriendsaboutherdreamofowningahouseonedaywithanartcollectionliketheoneshehadseeninItaly.
InParis,Isabellabecameclosefriendswithoneofherclassmates,JuliaGardner,whosefamilywasfromBoston.JuliawouldlaterintroduceIsabellatoherbrother,Jack.In1860,IsabellaStewartmarriedJackGardner.
Thecouplehadtoomucharttofitinsidetheirhome.Sotheydecidedtostartplanningamuseum.Mrs.Gardnerdidn’tlikethecoldandempty.spacesofmanymuseumsduringhertime.Shewantedawarmmuseumfilledwithlight.Sheoncesaidthatshedecidedyearsagothatthegreatestneedinhercountrywasart.Americawasayoungcountrydevelopingquicklyinotherareas.ButthecountryneededmorechancesforpeopletoSeebeautifulexamplesofart.
Afterherhusband’sdeathin1898.Isabellaknewshehadnotimetoloseinbuildinghermuseum.Sheboughtland,hiredabuildingdesigner,andsupervised(监督)everydetailofhermuseum’sconstruction.
Mrs.GardneropenedhermuseumonJanuary1,1918,whichwasthencalledFenway Court.Sheinvitedherfriendsthatnightforaspecialmusicalperformance.Thenextmonth,sheopenedthemuseumtothepublic.Atfirst,visitswerelimitedtotwentydaysoutofthe year.Visitorspaidonedollartoenter.
IsabellaStewartGardnerdiedin1924inBoston.Inherwill,sheleftthemuseumamilliondollarsandaseriesofrequirementsabouthowitshouldbemanaged,onethatthepermanentcollectioncannotbechanged.
(1)Thetextismainlyabout________.
A.howIsabellaGardnerrealizedherdreamofbeinganartist
B.howMr.andMrs.Gardneraddedtotheircollectionsofart
C.howIsabella’smuseumwasopened
D.IsabellaStewartGardnerandhermuseum
(2)Bysaying“thegreatestneedinhercountrywasart”inParagraph4.Mrs.Gardnermeantthat ________.
A.Americawasstillayoungdevelopingcountry
B.therewerenomuseumsinAmericaatthattime
C.artfellfarbehindotherfieldsoftheAmericansociety
D.Americanshadnochancetoenjoythebeautifulart
(3)Inordertoachieveherdreamofowninganartsmuseum,MrsGardner________.
A.raisedmoneyfromherfriendsandrelatives
B.soldoutallherlandandhouses
C.heldspecialmusicalperformancesformoney
D.watchedovertheprocessofbuildingthemuseum
(4)WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothetext?
A.Isabella-andJackwereclassmateswhenstudyinginParis.
B.Themuseumsatthattimewasnotcomfortable。
C.IsabellaopenedthemuseumaboutfiveyearsafterJack’sdeath.
D.Greatasthemuseumwas,visitorshadtowaitandpaytoenter.
(5)Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatthemuseum________.
A.helpsearnmuchmoneyforitscollectionsofart
B.iscalledFenwayCourtbythevisitors
C.wasopenedtothepubliconJanuary1st,1918
D.isstillaffectedbyIsabellaGardnerinmanagementnow
(1)D
【解析】主旨大意题。
本文主要是讲了IsabellaStewartGardner的一生和她为了实现自己心中目标所作的奋斗。
故答案选D。
(2)C
【解析】句意猜测题。
根据文章第四段的“…wasayoungcountrvdevelopingquicklvinotherareas”可以判断出,当时美国的其他领域发展的相当的快,而艺术则相对落后。
故答案选C。
(3)D
【解析】细节理解题。
根据文章第五段,IsabellaStewart亲自买建筑用地,雇用建筑设计者,监管建筑的每个细节,其目的就是要确保博物馆快速而高质量的完成从而实现自己的
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