大学英语四级信息匹配.docx
- 文档编号:27511429
- 上传时间:2023-07-02
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:33
- 大小:48.35KB
大学英语四级信息匹配.docx
《大学英语四级信息匹配.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《大学英语四级信息匹配.docx(33页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
大学英语四级信息匹配
大学英语四、六级考试信息匹配题阅读训练
Directions:
Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraph.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
Passage1
SurvivingtheRecession
A)America’srecessionbeganquietlyattheendof2007.Sincethenithasevolvedintoaglobalcrisis.Reasonablepeoplemaydisagreeaboutwhomtoblame.Financierswhowerenotascleverastheythoughttheywere?
Regulatorsfallingasleepatwork?
Consumerswhoborrowedtoomuch?
Politicianswhothoughtlesslypromotedhome-ownershipforthosewhocouldnotaffordit?
Allareguilt;andwhatamesstheyhavecreated.
B)Since2007Americahasshed5millionjobs.Morethan15%oftheworkforcearejoblessorunderemployed—roughly25millionworkers.Theonlyindustriesswellingtheirpayrollsarehealthcare,utilitiesandthefederalgovernment.ThevalueoflistedsharesinAmericanfirmscollapsedby57%fromitspeakinOctober2007toalowinMarchthisyear,thoughithassinceboundedbacksomewhat.Industrialproductionfellby12.8%intheyeartoMarch,theworstslidesincetheSecondWorldWar.MarkZandi,aneconomistatMoody’sEconomy.,predictsthattherecessionwillshrinkAmerica’seconomyby3.5%intotal.“Formostexecutives,thisistheworstbusinessenvironmentthey’veeverseen.”
C)Timesaresotoughthatevenbossesaretakingpaycuts.Median(中位数的)payforchiefexecutivesofS&P500companiesfell6.8%in2008.TheoverthrownbusinessgiantsofWallStreettookthebiggestknock,withaveragepaycutsof38%andmedianbonusesofzero.Buttherewassomepainforeveryone:
medianpayforchiefexecutivesofnon-financialfirmsintheS&P500fellby2.7%.
D)Nearlyeverybusinesshasasadtaletotell.Forexample,ArneSorenson,thepresidentofMarriotthotel,likensthecrisistothedownturnthathithisbusinessafterSeptember11th,2001.Whenthetwintowersfell,Americansstoppedtravelling.Marriotthaditsworstquarterever,withrevenuesperroomfallingby25%.Thisyear,withoutaterroristattack,thehotelindustryis“puttingthesamenumbersontheboard”,saysMr.Sorenson.
E)Otherindustrieshavesufferedevenmore.Largenumbersofbuilders,propertyfirmsandretailershavegonebankrupt.AndadisasterhashitDetroit.LastyeartheAmericancarindustryhadthecapacitytomake17millionvehicles.Salesin2009couldbebarelyhalfofthat.TheBigThreeAmericancarmakers—GeneralMotors,FordandChrysler—accumulatedruinouscostsoverthepost-waryears,suchasgold-platedhealthplansandpensionsforworkerswhoretiredasyoungas48.Allthreearedesperatelyrestructuring.OnlyFordmaysurviveinitscurrentform.
F)Hardtimesbreedhardfeeling.FewAmericansunderstandwhatcausedtherecession.Someareseekingscapegoats(替罪羊).Politiciansarehappytotakeadvantage.BosseshavebeensummonedtoWashingtontobescoldedonlivetelevision.Thepresidentcondemnstheirgreed.
G)Businessfolksarebendingoverbackwardstoavoidseemingextravagant.Meetingsatresortsaresuddenlyunacceptable.GoldmanSachs,aninvestmentbank,cancelledaconferenceinLasVegasatthelastminuteandrebookeditinSanFrancisco,whichcostmorebutsoundedlessfun.
H)Anyway,thepainwilleventuallyend.Americanbusinesswillregainitsshine.Manyfirmswilldie,butthesurvivorswillemergeleanerandstrongerthanbefore.Thefinancialsector’sshareoftheeconomywillshrink,andstayshrunkforyearstocome.Theimportanceofnon-financialfirmswillaccordinglyrise,alongwiththeirabilitytoattractthebesttalent.Americawillremainthebestplaceonearthtodobusiness,solongasBarackObamaandtheDemocratsinCongressresistthetemptationtointerferetoomuch,andsolongasorganizedlaborsdoesnotoverplayitshand.
I)Mr.Obama’splantocurbcarbondioxideemissions(排放),thoughnecessary,willbefarfromcost-free,whateverhissunnyspeechesonthesubjectmightsuggest.Theshifttoalow-carboneconomywillhelpsomefirms,hurtothersandrequireeveryorganizationthatusesmuchenergytorethinkhowitoperates.ItishardertopredicthowMr.Obama’sproposedreformstothefailinghealth-caresystemwillturnout.Ifhesucceedsincurbingcosts—abigif—itwouldbeahugegainforAmerica.Somebusinesswillbenefitbutthevastbulkofthesavingswillbecapturedbyworkers,nottheiremployers.
J)Inthenextcoupleofyearsthebusinessesthatthrivewillbethosethataretightwithcosts,carefulofdebt,cautiouswithcashflowandextremelyattentivetowhatcustomerswant.Theywillincludeplentyofnamesnoonehasyetheardof.
K)Timeschange,andcorporationschangewiththem.In1955Time’sManoftheYearwasHarlowCurtice,thebossofGM.HisfirmwasleadingAmericatowards“aneweconomicorder”,themagazinewrote.ThankstomenlikeCurtice,“thebondsofscarcity”hadbeenbrokenandAmericawasrolling“toanall-timehighofprosperity”.Soon,Americanswouldneedtospend“comparativelylittletimeearningaliving”.
L)HalfacenturylaterGMisatypicalexampleforpoormanagement.InMarchitschiefexecutivewasfiredbyTime’scurrentManoftheYear,Mr.Obama.Thegovernmentnowbacksupthedomesticcarindustry,lendingitmoneyandoverseeingitsturnaroundplans.Withluck,thiswillbeshort-lived.ButthereisadangerthatWashingtonwillendupmicromanagingnotonlyDetroitbutalsootherpartsoftheeconomy.AndcleverasMr.Obama’sadvisersare,historysuggeststheywillbebadatthis.
1.TheAmerica’srecessionaffectedthehotelindustryasbadlyasthe9/11terroristattack.
2.Businessmenaretryingtoavoidseemingwastefulinresponsetotherecession.
3.Inthenearfuture,athrivingbusinesswillgowithcautiousmanagementtactics.
4.MuchdoubtremainswhethertheObamaadministrationwilldowellinmicromanagingtheAmerica’seconomy.
5.AcombinationofcausesisresponsibleforthecurrentAmericanrecession,whichbeganin2007.
6.ThegovernmentisnotsupposedtointerferetoomuchinAmericanbusinesses.
7.ThebigThreeAmericancarmakersneedrestructuringtosurviveduetotheiraccumulationoftheruinouscostsoverthepost-waryears.
8.InMarch,GM”schiefexecutivewasfiredbyObamaforpoormanagement.
9.Accordingtotheauthor,Obama’splantolimitcarbondioxideemissionswillbynomeansbeinexpensive.
10.Attheworsttime,thetotalvalueoflistedsharesinAmericanfirmsshrankbyfifty-sevenpercent.
(DGJLAHELIB)
Passagetwo
SmallschoolsRising
A)Thisyear’slistofthetop100highschoolsshowsthattoday,thosewithfewerstudentsareflourishing.
B)Fiftyyearsago,theywerethelatestthingineducationalreform:
big,modern,suburbanhighschoolswithstudentscountedinthethousands.Asbabyboomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人)cameofhigh-schoolage,bigschoolspromisedeconomicefficiency.Agreaterchoiceofcourses,and,ofcourse,betterfootballteams.Onlyyearslaterdidweunderstandthetrade-offsthisinvolved:
thecreationofexcessivebureaucracies(官僚机构),thedifficultyofforgingpersonalconnectionsbetweenteachersandstudents.SATscoresbegandroppingin1963;today,onaverage,30%ofstudentsdonotcompletehighschoolinfouryears,afigurethatrisesto50%inpoorurbanneighborhoods.Whiletheemphasisonteachingtohigher,test-drivenstandardsassetinNoChildLeftBehindresultedinsignificantlybetterperformanceinelementary(andsomemiddle)schools,highschoolsforavarietyofreasonseemedtohavemadelittleprogress.
C)Sizeisn’teverything,butitdoesmatter,andthepastdecadehasseenanoticeablecountertrendtowardsmallerschools.Thishasbeendue,inpart,totheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,whichhasinvested$1.8billioninAmericanhighschools,helpingtoopenabout1000smallschools—mostofthemwithabout400kidseach,withanaverageenrollmentofonly150pergrade.About500moreareonthedrawingboard.Districtsalloverthecountyaretakingnotice,alongwithmayorsincitieslikeNewYork,ChicagoandSanDiego.Themovementincludesindependentpubliccharterschools,suchasNo.1BASISinTucson,withonly120high-schoolsand18graduatesthisyear.Itembracesdistrict-sanctionedmagnetschools,suchastheTalentedandGiftedSchool,with198students,andtheScienceandEngineeringMagnet,with383,whichshareabuildinginDallas,aswellastheCityHonorsSchoolinBuffalo,N.Y.,whichgrewoutofvolunteereveningseminarsforstudents.Anditincludesalternativeschoolswithstudentsselectedbylottery(抽签),suchasH.BWoodlawninArlington,Va.Andmostnoticeableofall,thereisthephenomenonoflargeurbanandsuburbanhighschoolsthathavesplitupintosmallerunitsofafewhundred,generallyhousedinthesamegroundsthatonceboastedthousandsofstudentsallmarchingtothesameband.
D)HillsdaleHighSchoolinSanMateo,Calif.,isoneofthose,rankingNo.423—amongthetop2%inthecountry—onNewsweek’sannualrankingofAmerica’stophighschools.Thesuccessofsmallschoolsisapparentinthelistings.Tenyearsago,whenthefirstNewsweeklistbasedoncollege-leveltestparticipationwaspublished,onlythreeofthetop100schoolshadgraduatingclassessmallerthan100students.Thisyearthereare22.Nearly250schoolsonthefullNewsweeklistofthetop5%ofschoolsnationallyhadfewerthan200graduatesin2007.
E)AlthoughmanyofHillsdale’sstudentscamefromwealthyhouseholds,bythelate1990averagetestscoreswereslidingand
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 大学 英语四 信息 匹配
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)