初中状语从句总结及练习附答案.docx
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初中状语从句总结及练习附答案.docx
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初中状语从句总结及练习附答案
状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
2.条件状语从句ﻫ3. 原因状语从句ﻫ4. 结果状语从句ﻫ5. 比较状语从句
6.目的状语从句ﻫ7.让步状语从句
8.地点状语从句
用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句, 原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。
1. 时间状语从句
(1)时间状语从句常用when,as, while,before,after,since,till,until, as soonas等连词来引导。
例如:
ﻫItwasraininghard whengottoschoolyesterday.ﻫWhilehewas doinghis homework,thetelephonerang.ﻫAshewalked along the lake,hesanghappily.
Hehad learnedalittleChinesebefore he cameto China.ﻫAfterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.ﻫ
(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例如:
ﻫI’llringyouup assoonasIgetto New York.ﻫIwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.ﻫHewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwith hisowneyes.ﻫ(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。
如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例如:
The youngmanreadtillthe lightwentout.ﻫLet’swaituntil therain stops.ﻫWewon’tstartuntil Bob comes.ﻫDon’t getoff untilthebusstops.
2. 条件状语从句ﻫ
(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。
例如:
ﻫWhat shallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?
Don’tleavethebuildingunlessI tellyouto.
(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例如:
I’llhelp youwith yourEnglishif am freetomorrow.
Hewon’t be lateunlessheisill.
(3)“祈使句+ and (or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。
例如:
Hurry up, oryou’llbelate.
=Ifyoudon’thurry up,you’llbelate.
Studyhardandyou will passtheexam.
=If youstudy hard,you will passtheexam.ﻫ3.原因状语从句ﻫ
(1)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。
例如:
Hedidn’t come to schoolbecausehewas ill.
Asitisraining,we shallnot gothezoo.ﻫSinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.
(2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。
Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。
回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。
As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。
由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。
例如:
------Whyaren’tgoingthere?
------BecauseIdon’twant to.ﻫAshehasnocar,hecan’tgetthere easily.ﻫSince wehavenomoney,wecan’t buy it.ﻫ(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4.结果状语从句ﻫ
(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that, sothat引导。
例如:
He issopoorthathe can’tbuyabikefor hisson.
Sheissuchagood teacherthat everybodylikesher.
Mypencilfell underthedesk, so thatI couldn’tsee it.ﻫ(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。
例如:
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。
其结构是:
“...so +形容词(副词)+that+从句”。
例如:
Hewassogladthathecouldn’t say aword.
Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000 people.ﻫMotherlives sofaraway thatwehardlyeverseeher.ﻫ在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。
如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。
例如:
ﻫIt was suchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodo anything.ﻫHe hadsuchlong arms thathe couldalmost touchtheceiling.
Hemadesuchrapidprogressthat hedidvery wellinthemid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。
例如:
ﻫItwassuch a wonderfulfilmthatall ofus wanted toseeitagain.ﻫ=Thefilm was sowonderfulthat allofuswantedtoseeitagain.ﻫItissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomiss it.ﻫ=The match is soimportantthat nobodywants tomissit.
(3)如果名词前由many,much,little, few等词修饰时,只能用so,不用such。
例如:
Soonthereweresomanydeerthat theyate upallthewildroses.ﻫHe hasso littletimethathecan’t gotothecinema withyou.
5. 比较状语从句ﻫ比较状语从句通常由as…as,比较级+than…等连词引导。
例如:
Tomrunsfaster thanJohndoes.ﻫThis classroom isasbigas that one.
6.目的状语从句ﻫ
(1)目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat引导。
例如:
Westartedearlysothatwecould catchthe firsttrain.ﻫHestudieshardsothathecouldwork betterin thefuture.ﻫWeusedthecomputerinorder thatwemight savetime.
(2)sothat既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句。
区别这两种从句的办法有两个:
1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。
2)从意思上看,目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。
例如:
Speakclearly sothat theymayunderstandyou.(目的状语从句)
Jackisbadly illsothathehastorest. (结果状语从句)ﻫ7.让步状语从句
(1)让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。
例如:
ﻫThoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.ﻫAlthoughIamtired, I must go onworking.ﻫ(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。
例如:
我们不能说:
Thoughitwasraininghard,but hestillwentout.
应该说:
Thoughitwas raininghard,he stillwentout.或Itwasraininghard, buthestillwentout.ﻫ8.地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。
例如:
ﻫGo whereyoulike.
Where thereisawill,thereis a way.
易混引导词while, when, as的区别:
1.when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用,也可以指"时间段",与延续性动词连用(=while)。
如:
Whenhe came in,hismotherwascooking.
When(While)wewere at school,wewentto the libraryevery day.
While表示时间段,因此,while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。
如:
Pleasedon'ttalk soloudwhileothersareworking.
As与when用法相似,但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生,有"随着……"或"一边……一边……"之意。
如:
Asyougetolder,you getmore knowledge.随着年龄的增长,你获得的知识就越多。
2.Because,as,since 的区别:
Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题,语气最强;As用于说明原因, 着重点在主句,常译成"由于";since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实,常译成"既然"。
如:
Waterisveryimportant becausewecan'tlivewithoutit.
Hedidn'tcome yesterdayashismotherwas ill.
I'lldoitforyousinceyou arebusy.
3.such…that,so…that,sothat引导结果状语从句的区别:
such是形容词,修饰名词;so是副词,修饰形容词或副词。
其结构如下:
1)such+a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词+that……
2)such+形容词+复数可数名词+that……
3)such+形容词+不可数名词+that……。
如:
Thiswassuch agoodfilmthatIwenttoseeit several times.
It was suchgoodbooksthattheysellwell.
Itwassuchbadweather thatIhadtostayathome.
He spokeso fast thatIcouldn'tfollowhim.
Heissuchalovely boythatwealllikehim.
=Heisso lovely aboythatwealllike him.
注:
在"形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词"结构中,当名词前有many, much,few,little表示数量的多少时,名词前用so。
如:
Shemadesomanymistakesthatshe didn'tpasstheexam.
【实例解析】
1.Youwillstayhealthy _______youdomore exercise,suchasrunning and walking.
A.ifB.howC.beforeD.where
答案:
A。
该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。
从意思上看,从句应是一个条件状语从句,在这四个选项中只有if能引导条件状语从句,所以选A。
2. ---Shallwegoonworking?
ﻫ---Yes, _________Iprefertohavearest.
A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.though
答案:
D。
该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。
从意思上看,只有选though才能说得通。
ﻫ3.None of usknew whathadhappened_________theytoldusaboutit.ﻫA.whenB.until C.after D.thoughﻫ答案:
B。
该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。
本句的意思是“在……以前我们没人知道这件事。
”要表达着一意思应用“not…until” 这一句型。
ﻫ4.---I hopeyou’llenjoyyourtrip,dear!
---Thank you,mum.I’llgive you a call _________I getthere.
A. untilB.assoonasC.sinceD.tillﻫ答案:
B。
该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。
本题的意思是“一到那里,我就给你打电话。
”要表达这个意思应选用as soonas。
选择合适的连接词,完成下列句子。
1.Jimspends alotof money onbooks______he isnotrich.
2.Kate fellintosleep______she was listeningtothe music.
3.----Is David atschooltoday?
----No.He isat home ______hehas abadcold.
4.Wewon'thavesupper______mymothercomesback.
5.Speaktohimslowly ______hemayunderstandyou better.
6.______shedoesn'tcomeonSunday,I'llgofishingby myself.
7.Itisfouryears______Ihad left that small village.
8.______the airmoves,itiscalled wind.
9.Wewillgotothepark______itdoesn'train tomorrow.
10.______littleboysdid______muchwork.
11.Therearefew newwordsin thepassage ______wecan'tunderstandit.
12.Goback______you comefrom.
13.He reachedthestation______the train hadleft.
14.----Doyouhavea swimming pool?
----No, wedon't.Atleast,not______big______yours.
15.Giveme yourpaper______you havefinished it.
16.It israininghard,______wehavetostayathome.
17. ______youwork harder, you'll never pass the finalexam.
18.Lookaftertechildren______Iam out.
19.Thevillage is______faraway______Ican't get thereonfoot.
20.That is______aninterestingbook______Ican'tstopreadingit.
考点精炼
一.单项填空ﻫ1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavy bag.
A. Though B.SinceC. For D.So
2.---Doyouknowif he _______toplaybasket ball with us?
ﻫ---Ithink hewillcomeifhe______ freetomorrow.ﻫA.comes;isB.comes;will beC.willcome; isD.willcome;will beﻫ3. Inthezooifachild_____into thewater andcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycome up______him.
A.willfall;to help B.falls;tohelpﻫC.will fall;help D.falls; helpingﻫ4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.
A.whatB.whichC. whereD.who
5.We willstayathomeifmyaunt________ tovisitus tomorrow.
A.comesB.come C.will comeD.iscoming
6. Thepolice askedthechildren_______ crossthestreet________ thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.
A.not;beforeB.don’t;whenC.notto;untilD.not; afterﻫ7. Iwaslatefor classyesterday_______ therewassomethingwrongwithmy bike.
A.when B.that C.untilD. because
8.I’llgo swimmingwith youifI________free tomorrow.ﻫA.willbeB. shall beC.amD. was
9.Intheexam,the________you are,______the _______mistakesyou willmake.
A.careful; little B.morecareful; fewest
C.morecareful;fewer D. morecareful;lessﻫ10.You shouldfinishyour lessons_______yougooutto paly.
A.beforeB. afterC.whenD.while
11.Ihurried _____ I wouldn’tbe lateforclass.
A. sinceB.sothatC.as if D.unless
12.When youreadthebook, you’dbettermakea mark _______youhave anyquestions.
A.which B.thatC. whereD. thoughﻫ13.Theteacherraised hisvoice_______allthestudentscouldhearhim.
A.forB.so that C.becauseD. inorder
14. He tookoffhis coat_______he felthot.
A.becauseB.asC. ifD.since
15.Itis______ that we’dliketogooutforawalk.ﻫA.alovelydayB.too lovelyaday
C.solovely adayD.such lovelya dayﻫ16.Maryhad______ muchwork todo thatshestayedatheroffice allday.ﻫA.such B.soC.too D.veryﻫ17._______Ifeltvery tired,Itriedtofinishthework.
A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.As D.Asifﻫ18.______theday wenton,the weather gotworse.ﻫA.With B.SinceC. While D.Asﻫ19.______ wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.
A.So longasB.Inorderthat
C.No matterhow D.Themomentﻫ20.Writetomeassoonasyou________to Beijing.
A.willgetB.get C. gettingD. got
二.根据中文意思完成下列英语句子ﻫ1.不管他跟我开什麽玩笑,我都不生气。
Iamnotangrywithhim,____________________jokeshe______onme.
2.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切,以至于学生把
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