陕西省届高三教学质量检测英语试题带答案解析.docx
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陕西省届高三教学质量检测英语试题带答案解析.docx
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陕西省届高三教学质量检测英语试题带答案解析
陕西省2020届高三教学质量检测
英语试题
Thefollowingbookshavebeenpublishedrecently,andmaybeyouwouldliketoreadthem.
ThisAtmosphereofLove
FranklinBassJr.
Paperback丨E-book
$12.95丨$3.99
ThisAtmosphereofLovesharesFranklinBassJr.’spoetrycollectionfrom2008to2012thatspeaksabouthistruefeelingsandexperiencesoflove.
AnIrishGirl
MarilynHering
Paperback丨E-book
$13.99丨$3.99
InspiredbytrueeventsoftheIrishfamine(饥荒),AnIrishGirlcombinesataleofthefaminewithaheart-brokenstoryofloveandloss.
ThePrisonPlanet
Handbook
DenisGoodwin
Hardback丨Paperback丨E-book丨Audiobook
$46.98丨$34.45丨$4.99丨$9.99
Sometimes,therealityprescribedtousdoesn’texplainwhatweexperience.Ifyoutooknowsomethingisn’trightandwanttoseethebiggerpicture,thebottomlineishere.
ADeadlyHomecoming
JaneBennettMunro
Hardback丨Paperback丨E-book丨Audiobook
$23.99丨$13.99丨$3.99丨$9.99
Whenhermotheraskshertoinvestigateafriend’sdisappearance,ToniDayheadstoherhometowntosolveacomplexmurdercasethatleavesherownlifehanginginthebalance.
1.Whoisapoetamongthefollowingwriters?
A.JaneBennettMunroB.MarilynHering.
C.DenisGoodwin.D.FranklinBassJr.
2.WhatkindofbookisAnIrishGirl?
A.AbiographyB.Astorybook
C.Adocumentary.D.Areferencebook.
3.Whichbookwillyoureadifyoulikeathriller?
A.ThePrisonPlanet.B.ADeadlyHomecoming.
C.AnIrishGirl.D.ThisAtmosphereofLove.
Atrickquestion:
CanyounametheonlythreewriterswhohavewonthePulitzerPrizeforfictiontwice?
Faulkner,yes;Updike.And?
HatsoffifyoucameupwithBoothTarkington.
Andyethistwoprize-winners——"TheMagnificentAmbersons"and"AliceAdams”,justreissuedinonevolumebytheLibraryofAmerica—arenoteventhemostcommerciallysuccessfulnovelsofhisextraordinarilysuccessfulcareer.Nineofhisbookswererankedamongthetoptensellersoftheiryear,andthestrangelydissimilarTheTurmoilandSeventeenweretheNo.1sellersinconsecutive(连续的)years.Andthenthere'sPenrod,probablythemostbelovedboys'booksinceTomandHuck,thoughIcan'trecommendastrolldownthatparticularmemorylane.
Therearethirtyorsonovels,countlessshortstoriesandserials,astringofhitplays.Andtherewerecountlesshonors:
Tarkingtonwasnotonlycommercialbutliterary—notjustthePulitzersbutin1933thegoldmedalforfictionfromtheAmericanAcademyofArtsandLetters,whichEdithWhartonandWilliamDeanHowellshadwonpreviously.Asearlyas1922,theTimeshadplacedhimtwelfthonalistofthetwelvegreatestcontemporaryAmericanmen.
Asforbooksellers,in1921theyvotedhimthemostsignificantcontemporaryAmericanwriter.Nothingeverchanges.Howtoexplainthisremarkablecareer—thequickrisetofame,theunaffectedreputationoverseveraldecades,andthenthepronouncedfallintoshadowiness?
Ifyoureadallhisfiction,youfindasteadyalthoughuninspiredhandatthehelm.Slowly,painstakingly(费力地),Tarkingtonhadtaughthimselftowritereliableprose(散文)andconstructappealingfictions;hewasmodest—alwaysliteratebutnevershowy.Youcouldcountonhimtocatchyourinterestevenifhefailedtograspyourimaginationoryourheart.Andhewasalwaysagentleman.
4.Whatdoes"Hatsoff"underlinedinParagraph1mean?
A.Showrespect.B.Feelnervous.
C.Throwawayhats.D.Takeoffhats.
5.Whichbookispossiblypopularamongboys?
A.TheMagnificentAmbersons.B.AliceAdams.
C.Penrod.D.Seventeen.
6.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?
A.Tarkington'sworksandhonors.B.Tarkington'spersonality.
C.Tarkington'ssocialposition.D.Tarkington'sachievements.
7.What'stheauthorsattitudetoTarkington?
A.Doubtful.B.Objective.
C.Negative.D.Admiring.
Theterm"quietstress”isgatheringpaceamongexperts,whosayit'sanoftenoverlookedformofthemorewidelyknownversion,whichischaracterisedbyvisibleoutbursts:
losingtempers,swearing,shouting,andanger.
"Wequietlyholdourstresswithin:
wedon'tspeakupabouthowwefeel.Andveryimportantly,webecomeinactive.Westayinunhappyrelationshipsandunfulfillingjobs.Wefeeloverwhelmed(被压倒的),yetignoreimportantadministrationtasks.Quietstresscreatesaformofemotionalparalysis(麻痹)thatkeepsus'stuck'inunhappysituations,saysJillianLavender,whorunstheLondonMeditationCentre.
CaryCooper,aprofessorofpsychologyandhealthattheUniversityofManchester,likenstheeffectsofquietstresstoshrapnel(榴弹):
“Youcanlearntoquietenyourstressresponses,buteventuallythestresswillemerge:
aswellasasuppressedimmunesystem,youmaywithdrawsocially,isolateyourselfandbegintoengageinunhealthyhabitslikecomforteatingordrinkingtoomuch.Despitegettingabadrapovertheyears,expressingangerorfrustrationisfarhealthierthansmilingsweetlywhilefeelingquietlystressed."
ArecentstudyfromStanfordUniversityintheUSbacksthistheoryup.Theresearchersfoundthatseeingstressasahelpfulpartofdealingwithlife'schallenges,ratherthanassomethingtobeavoided,wasassociatedwithbetterhealth,emotionalwellbeingandproductivityatwork.
“Stressisn'talwaysharmful,”saidKellyMcGonigal,abusinessschoollectureratStanfordwhoworkedonthestudy."Onceyouappreciatethatgoingthroughstressmakesyoubetteratit,itcanbeeasiertofaceeachnewchallenge.”
8.Whichbehaviorbelongsto“quietstress”?
A.Reactingslowly.B.Speakingup.
C.Smilingsweetly.D.Scoldingothers.
9.WhatisthebestwaytorelievefromquietstressaccordingtoCaryCooper?
A.Developingagoodhabit.B.Eatingmuchjunkfood.
C.Finishingtasksontime.D.Makingyourfeelingsknown.
10.AccordingtoParagraph4stressis.
A.somethingbeneficialsometimesB.somethingharmfultohealth
C.somethingtobekeptD.somethingaffectingwork
11.Whichofthefollowingstatementscandescribestressaccordingtothetext?
A.Silenceisgold.B.Lifeisnoteasy.
C.Onecoinhastwosides.D.Stressiseverywhere.
Fancyatripdownawormhole?
Calculationssuggestthatthismightbepossible,becausetheseentrancesthroughspace-timecouldstickaroundforever.
Wormholesareessentiallyapairofconnectedblackholes.Twotypescouldtheoreticallyexist.Anon-traversablewormholeislikearoomwithtwodoorsthatcanbeusedonlyfromtheoutside—thedoorsareblackholesthroughwhichthingscanenter,butneverescape.“Thesearenotveryinteresting,asanyastronautwhoisbraveenoughtoventureinwon’tbeabletomakeitbacktotellthestory,”saysDiandianWangattheUniversityofCalifornia.
Traversable(能横过的)wormholesarealsopossible,butuntilnowwedidn’tknowwhethertheycouldexistforlongenoughforanythingtopassthroughthem.Forsuchawormholetoform,space-timeneedstonaturallychangeshape.Inclassicalphysics,thiscan’thappen.Buttherulesofquantummechanics(量子力学)allowspace-timetodosoforbriefperiods.
Wangworkedonascenario(设想)involvingstringtheory,inwhichthefundamentalingredientofrealityistinystrings.Ifoneofthesestringsbreaks,itcancreateatraversablewormholewithblackhole-likeentranceseitherendthatallowbothentryandexit.
Althoughresearchershadshownthatthiswasapossibilitybefore,itseemedthattheenergyinvolvedwouldalwaysbreakthewormhole.
Now,Wangandhisteamhavecalculatedthatthecurvatureofspace-timecouldcounteractthisacceleration,keepingthefakeblackholesstillandallowingthethroatofthewormholetoremainopen.Thisscenarioisextremelyunlikely,andbecomesevenmoreunlikely,thelongerthewormholeisandthelargertheblackholesare.Thankstoquantummechanics,though,theprobabilityofithappeningisn’tzero.Wang’steamalsocalculatedthat,onceatraversablewormholeexists,itcouldremainstableforatleastaslongastheuniversehasbeenaround.
“Theworkshowshowwormholescouldbecreatedfromscratch,”saysAronWallattheUniversityofCambridge.Buthepointsoutthattheycouldn’tbeusedtotimetravelormovefasterthanlight.
12.Whatarewormholesinthetext?
A.Realwormholesontheearth.B.Tunnelsthroughspaceandtime.
C.Roomswithtwodoors.D.Apairofstrings.
13.Whatdoes“this”refertoinParagraph5?
A.Thewormhole.B.Theblackhole.
C.Thescenario.D.Thecalculation.
14.WhichtheorysupportsWang’sscenario?
A.Stringtheory.B.Quantummechanics.
C.Classicalphysics.D.Modernresearch.
15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Wormholes:
ANewPossibilityforHumanBeing
B.ItIsPossibleforPeopletoGoBack
C.HowAmazingItIstoTravelinSpace
D.ANewSpace-timeStudyIsGoingon
TheInternet,asweknow,isprobablyoneofthegreatestinventionsofhumanhistory.Neverbeforehastheaccesstothecollectionoftheworld’sknowledgeeverbeenmoreavailable.16.SomepeoplelooktomakeuseoftheinformationyouareprovidingtotheInternet.Everythingyoudoonlineleavesasmallfootprint.
Thereareacoupleofstepsyoucantaketomakeyouradventuresonlinealittlesaferandmoresecure.Let’stakealookatthem.
Coveryourtracks.
Wheneveryouvisitawebsite,asmallfileismarkedinyourbrowser(浏览器),whichiscalleda“cookie”.17.Thisenablesthewebservertoknowifyouhavebeentherebeforeanditcantailorthepresentationtoyourpersonaltastes.TheyarealsohowFacebookknowstoserveyouadsbasedonstuffyoulookedatonAmazon.
Sowhat’stheharminthecookie?
Well,hackerscanusetheinformationstoredinyourcookiestoeditabrowsinghistoryorwithlesssecurecookies,takeyourpasswordsforsomesites.Ifyouwanttoprotectyourselffromyourin
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