初三英语知识点归纳.docx
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初三英语知识点归纳.docx
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初三英语知识点归纳
初三英语知识点归纳
初三英语知识点:
初中语法项目表
1.词类:
1)名词2)形容词3)副词4)动词5)代词6)冠词7)数词8)介词9)连词10)感叹词
*2.构词法:
1)合成法classroom,something,reading-room
2)派生法worker,drawing,quickly,careful,kindness,
cloudy,unhappy
3)转化法hand(n.)-hand(v.)
dry(adj.)-dry(v.)
3.名词
1)可数名词和不可数名词
2)名词的复数
3)专有名词
4)所有格
4.代词
1)人称代词的主格和宾格形式
2)物主代词的形容词与名词性形式
3)反身代词myself,himself,ourselves,etc.
4)指示代词this,that,these,those
5)不定代词some,any,no,etc.
6)疑问代词what,who,whose,which,etc.
5.数词基数词和序数词
6.介词词汇表中所列介词的基本用法
7.连词词汇表中所列连词的基本用法
8.形容词
1)作定语、表语、宾语补足语的基本用法
2)比较等级(原级、比较级、最高级)的基本用法
(1)构成-er,-est;more,themost
(2)基本句型
as+原级形式+as...
notas(so)+原级形式+as...
比较级形式+than...
the+最高级形式+...in(of)...
9.副词
1)表示时间、地点、方式、程度等的基本用法
2)疑问副词when,where,how
3)比较等级(原级、比较级、最高级)
(1)构成-er,-est;more,themost
(2)基本句型
as+原级形式+as...
notas(so)+原级形式+as...
比较级形式+than...
the+最高级形式+...in(of)...
*10.冠词一般用法
11.动词
*1)动词种类
(1)行为动词或实义动词
1及物动词
2不及物动词
(2)连系动词be,look,turn,get,become,etc.
(3)助动词be,do,have,shall,will,etc.
(4)情态动词can,may,must,need,etc.
2)时态
(1)一般现在时
Igetupatsixo’clockeverymorning.
Hedoesn’tspeakRussian.
Theyareverybusy.
Themoonmovesroundtheearth.
Whenyouseehim,tellhimtocometomyplace.
I’llgotoseeyoutonightifI’mfree.
(2)一般过去时
IwasinGradeOnelastyear.
Igotupatfiveyesterday.
(3)一般将来时
1.shall(will)+动词原形
Ishall(will)gotoyourschooltomorrowafternoon.
Shewillbeheretomorrow.
2.begoingto+动词原形
I’mgoingtohelphim.
(4)现在进行时
We’rereadingthetextnow.
They’rewaitingforabus.
(5)现在完成时
Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.
Theyhavelivedherefortenyears.
*(6)过去进行时
Wewerehavingameetingthistimeyesterday.
TheteacherwastalkingtosomeparentswhenIsawher.
*(7)过去完成时
WehadlearnedfourEnglishsongsbytheendoflastyear.
ThefilmhadalreadybegunwhenIgottothecinema.
ShesaidthatshehadnotheardfromhimsinceheleftBeijing.
*(8)过去将来时
Hesaidhewouldgotothecinemathatevening.
BettysaidshewasgoingtovisitherunclenextSunday.
3)被动语态
(1)一般现在时的被动语态
Englishistaughtinthatschool.
(2)一般过去时的被动语态
Thesongwaswrittenbythatworker.
(3)一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态
Shemustbesenttohospitalatonce.
4)动词不定式
*
(1)作主语
Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.
Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.
(2)作宾语
Theybegantoread.
(3)作宾语补足语
Jimaskedmetohelphimwithhislessons.
Weoftenheardhersing.
*(4)作定语
Ihaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.
(5)作状语
Shewenttoseehergrandmayesterday.
(6)用在how,when,where,what,which等之后
Idon’tknowhowtouseacomputer.
Doyouknowwhentostart?
Hedidn’tknowwhattodonext.
12.句子种类
1)陈述句(肯定式和否定式)
2)疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句)
3)祈使句(肯定式和否定式)
*4)感叹句
*13.句子成份
1)主语
Bettylikeshernewbike.
Hegetsupearlyeveryday.
Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.
2)谓语
Weworkhard.
Theboycaughtabird.
Heismybrother.
Theyalllookfine.
3)表语
Hersisterisanurse.
It’sme.
I’mready.
Hegotangry.
Wewereathomelastnight.
Hiscupisbroken.
4)宾语
Tomboughtastory-book.
Isawhimyesterday.
Hewantedtohaveacupoftea.
5)直接宾语和间接宾语
Hegavemesomeink.
Ourteachertoldusaninterestingstory.
6)宾语补足语
CallherXiaoLi.
Youmustkeeptheroomclean.
Johnaskedmetohelphim.
7)定语
Thisisagreenjeep.
Thisisanappletree.
Arethesestudentsyourclassmates?
Winteristhecoldestseasonoftheyear.
Ihavesomethingtotellyou.
8)状语
Youarequiteright.
ShewillarriveinBeijingonMonday.
Hestoppedtohavealook.
14.简单句的五种基本句型
第一种主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P)
Thebikeisnew.
Themapisonthewall.
第二种主语+不及物动词(S+V)
Heswims.
第三种主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)
Childrenoftensingthissong.
第四种主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)
Sheshowedherfriendsallherpictures.
第五种主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)
Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.
15.并列句
Helikesmaths,butheneedshelp.
Ihelphimandhehelpsme.
16.复合句
1)宾语从句
Hesaid(that)hefeltsick.
Idon’tknowwhether(if)shestillworksinthefactory.
ItakebackwhatIsaid.
Ican’ttellwhoisthere.
CanyoutellmewheretheSummerPalaceis?
2)状语从句
ThetrainhadleftwhenIgottothestation.
I’llgowithyoutothecinemathisafternoonifI’mfree.
Thestudentswenttothefarmbecausethefarmersneededsomehelp.
Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.
Hewassotiredthathecouldn’twalkon.
*Jackworkedhardsothathemightgetagoodjob.
DoctorWangwenttothehospitalthoughitrainedheavily.
*3)定语从句
Findthegirlwhoiswearingaredskirt.
Showmethepicturethatyoulikebest.
Colourthebirdswhich(that)areflying.
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