9AU8reading知识点归纳.docx

9AU8reading知识点归纳.docx

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9AU8reading知识点归纳

9AU8reading-grammar知识点归纳

I.重点词汇学习

A.词性变换

murder--（n.）_________

salesman--（复数）_______

bleed--（过去式）______，--（过去分词）______

enemy--（复数）______

break--（过去式）______，--（过去分词）______

breathe--（n）______

kidnap--（n）______

thief--（复数）--______

attack--（n）______

like（adj）--______

usual--（反义词）______

serious--（比较级）______，--（最高级）______

cruel--（比较级）______，--（最高级）______

die--（adj）_______--（n）_______

guilt--（adj）_______

want--（adj）_______

witness--（复数）_______

lead--（过去式）______，--（过去分词）______

B.词汇辨析：

1.besides与except

besides的意思是“除……之外（还）”，通常表示包括在内；而except是“除……之外”，表示不包括在内,相当于“but”。

EX.1.EveryonewenttothePalaceMuseum________Tom.

2._______Chinesehealsostudiedmanyothersubjects.

3.MrLingavethetextbookstoallthestudents______theoneswhohadalreadytakenthem.

4.Nooneex

ceptmyparents_______（know）anythingaboutit.

2.happen/takeplace

（1）happen不及物动词，无被动语态。

相关句型:

1）（sth.）happentosb./sth.某人/物出了某事

eg.Ifanythinghappenstothemachine,doletmeknow.

2）（sb.）happentodo…“碰巧做……”

eg.Ihappenedtobeoutwhenyoucalled.

3）Ithappenedthat…+主语从句“碰巧……”

eg.IthappenedthatIhadreadthearticleontheexamsheet.

（2）takeplace有一定的计划性，没有偶然性。

eg.TheschoolsportsmeetingwilltakeplacenextMonday.

EX:

（）.Peopledidn’tknow_________duringthenight.

A.whatwashappenedB.whatthemurderhappened

C.whathappenedD.howthemurderhashappened

3.gone,lost,missing的区别

D.词汇解析：

against

（1）表示“反对”“对着”“违反”“不利于”等。

（beagainst反义词组befor）

如：

Weareallagainsthisidea.

Therewere20votesforhimand12againsthim.

（2）表示“靠着”“顶着”“迎着”“衬着”等。

如：

Hestoodwithhisbackagainstthedoor.

Hehithisheadagainstthewindow.

（3）.注意against是介词，不是动词,所以后接动词时要用动名词。

如：

I’magainst（do）anythingtillthepolicearrive.

EX.（）MrBlackstrongly______keepinganimalsinthezoo,becauseanimalsshouldalsohavetherighttoenjoyfreedom.

AforBupCagainstDdown

II.重点词组学习

严重的多muchmoreserious（注意serious比较级）

可能做某事belikelytodosth

在门口inthedoorway不见了；消失了gomissing=bemissing

因谋杀而被通缉bewantedformurder某人的电话bewantedonthephone

任何不同寻常的事anythingunusual其它地方somewhereelse

最后一次被看见正在做某事belastseendoing在犯罪现场/时间atthescene/timeofthecrime

被用刀袭击beattackedwithaknife流血致死bleedtodeath

结果asaresult尤其对...感兴趣beparticularlyinterestedin

打斗的迹象evidenceofastruggle进行（激烈地搏斗）putup（agoodfight）

一份高薪工作awell-paidjob犯有……罪beguiltyof…

被指控bechargedwith闯入电脑系统breakintocomputersystems

与某人树敌makeenemieswithsb跟某人联系的号码是……contactsbon…

谋杀案的证人thewitnesstothemurder气喘嘘嘘breatheheavily/hard=outofbreath

有证据证明…haveevidencetoprove…证明是…prove（sb）tobe…

提拱…（钱）的奖赏offerarewardof…（money）for为……导致某人被捕leadtothearrestofsb

不止一个攻击者morethanoneattacker（谓语动词为单数）做些违反法律的事dosomethingagainstthelaw

EX:

1.----Whosearethetoolsoverthere?

-----Perhapstheyarethe________（thief）.Theyleftthemtherelastnight.

2.The________（die）oftheoldscientistisagreatlosstoourcountry.

3.Theboywasseen___________（struggle）withashoplifterat7p.m.yesterdayevening.

4.Afterstealingthemoneyfromthepooroldmanagain,theboyfelteven_________（guilty）.

5.Oneofhis_________（attack）isan18-year-oldman.

6.It’sraininghardoutside._____________（因此）,wehavenochoicebuttostayathome.

7.Please____________（查明）whobrokeourwindowjustnow.

8.Inthemorningtakingawalkand_______（呼吸）somefreshairaregoodforyourhealth.（无锡）

9.Thecriminal________________（被指控）robberytwicebytheendof2010.

10.Theengineer’sflat___________（闯入）lastnight.Luckily,therewasnobodyathomethen.

III、重点句型学习

1.Whyareyoudressedlikethat,Eddie?

【解析】be/getdressedin+颜色/衣服=wear..=bein..=haveon…穿着……衣服（强调状态）

dressup盛装,打扮,装饰,伪装

dresssb./oneself给某人/某人自己穿衣服

EX.

（1）.TheChinese_______inredwhentheygetmarried.

A.dressedB.aredressedC.wearD.areworn

2.Hewaslastseenleavinghisofficeatabout7p.m.

【解析】

（1）see/hear/watch/notice

seesbdoing被动语态---beseendoing

Isawherdancingintheclassroomyesterday.（被动语态）

seesbdosth被动语态beseentodosth（改被动语态要加to）

Ioftenseehimplaythegame.（被动语态）

EX.

（1）.Helikeswatchingthegoldfish________（swim）around.

（2）.Heisoftenseen______（play）theguitar.

（5）.Shewasheard________（sing）intheroomat9lastnight.

（6）.Hewasseen______（drive）atthespeedof100kilometresanhourwhentheaccidenthappened.

（7）.Thecomputerprogrammerwaslastseen________（leave）hisofficeinNewTownat7p.m.

【注意】使役动词：

注意make/let的被动用法

（2）leave的用法:

1）离开2）使...处于某种状态3）落下...4）.....剩下

EX.“leave”的用法,说出下列句中leave的不同含义。

leaveNanjingleaveforNanjingleaveNanjingforShanghai

leavethebabyaloneIsthereanywaterleft?

leavehermykeyinmyoffice

3.Weareparticularlyinterestedinhearingformanyone（whosawanythingunusualnearUpperStreet）.

【解析】beparticularlyinterestedin尤其对...感兴趣

especially,specially,particularly辨析

①especially意为“非常地”或“尤其”，通常用于强调某事物，或表示该事物比其他谈论的事物更值得一提或重要，强调程度。

Itcanbeespeciallydifficultfordriverstoseecyclistsatnight.

Ihateinterruptions,especiallywhenI’mtryingtowork.

②specially表示“专门地”。

通常用于表示所做之事因某种特殊目的而异于平常。

Ihavecomespeciallytoseeyou.

③particularly尤其，特别，格外，通常指以不同寻常的方式突出某一事物的个性或独特之处，与especially通用。

但它更强调与众不同

Heisparticularlygoodatmaths.

【练】

（1）.Weare_______（particular）gratefultohimforhistimelyhelp.

（2）.OnTeachers'Day,weallwenttoschool______toseeourteachers.

AespeciallyBspeciallyCspecialDspecific

（3）.Girlsare_________interestedinshoppingaround.

AspecialBespecialCspeciallyDespecially

4.Theyarestillworkingatthesceneofthecrimetofindoutwhetherthevictimwaskilledsomewhereelse….orkilledattheplacewherehewasfound.

【解析】注意只用whether不用if的情况

1介词+whetherThey’retalkingaboutwhethertheweatherwillbefine.

2whether+toIdon’tknowWhethertogoormot

3whether…..ornotCouldyoutellmewhetherJackwillcome.

4Whether置于句首Whethertheywilltravelabroadisnotdecided.

EX.Haveyoudecidedwhether______（go）ornot?

（）1.We’renotsure________itwillrainornottomorrow.

A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.Why

（）2.I'mnotsure_____hewillstayathome______goonatripthisMonday.

Awhy,orBwhether,orCif,andDwhat,or

5.DetectiveLusaidthatthevictimwasattackedwithaknifeandbledtodeathasaresult.Therewasalsoevidenceofstruggle.

6.Thevictimobviouslyputupagoodfight,saidDetectiveLu.

【解析】与putup有关的短语:

eg.putupagoodfight进行（抵抗、斗争等）

putupyourhands举起

putupadrawingofthesuspect张贴

putupagoodfightagainst与...进行斗争

eg.Wemustputupafightagainstalldifficulties.

【拓展】puton______putoff______putout______putaway______

EX.

（1）.Itisagoodhabitto_______allyourthingsincorrectplaces.（2010盐城）

A.putaway       B.putup                  C.putout                 D.putoff

（2）.Oursoldiers_________abravefightagainsttheenemies.

A.brokeoutB.happenedtoC.putdownD.putup

（3）.他和疾病进行了顽强的斗争。

He____________________________________thedisease（疾病）.

7.DetectiveLuaddedthatthepolicearenowcheckingthechenceforfigerprintandclues.

【解析】addAtoB给B增加A

eg.Iftheteaistoostrong,addsomemorehotwater.

addupto总计达……，加起来总共……

eg.Thesefiguresaddupto367.

EX.

（1）.TraditionalBeijingOperawillbe_______（增加）tothemusiccoursesin200schoolsinChina.

（2）.Willyou______moresugar______yourcoffee?

A.add;upB.addto;/C.add;toD.addup;/

（4）.这个计划你有什么补充吗?

Doyouhaveanything_____________________theplan?

8.Hewaschargedwithbreakingintoseveralcomputersystemsoverthelastyear.（L.29）

【解析】1）chargesb.withsth./doingsth.

被动语态---sb.bechargedwithsth./doingsth.

eg.Thepolicechargedthemanwithstealingmoney.

2）breakinto…闯入….

eg.警察指控他闯入几家电脑系统。

EX.

（1）.Thewoman_________computercrimesbeforeshedied.

AhadbeenchargedwithBbadbeenchargedforChadchargedwithDhasbeenchargedfor

（2）.Oncetherobbers________hishouseand_________alotofmoney．

A．broke；broughtoutofB．brokedown；tookaway

C．brokeout；broughtawayD．brokeinto：

tookaway

9.Wesupposethatthevictimknewtheattacker.

【拓展】1）suppose+that从句,表"猜测、假定"。

eg.Isuppose（that）heistwenty.

2）suppose+宾语+tobe...,表"认为……是……"。

如:

eg.Mostpeoplesupposehimtobeover60.

3）.回答：

Isupposeso./Isupposenot./Idon'tsupposeso.

A:

Willhewin?

B:

Isupposeso./Isupposenot;Idon'tsupposeso.

4）.表示对说话对话的看法或意见的咨询，可用doyouthink/believe/consider/suppose/expect等句型，也可用于接特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时,特殊疑问词移到主句之首。

如:

Whodoyouthinkwillwinthegame?

Whatdoyousupposemadehersuchafamouswoman?

Whichofthesemachinesdoyouthinkisthefirstuseful?

EX.

（1）.---“Ihaven’theardfromHenryforalongtime.”---“Whatdoyousuppose_________tohim?

”

A.washappeningB.tohappenC.hashappenedD.hadhappened

（2）.Whodoyouthink_________themoney?

A.tostealB.stealingC.tohavestolenD.stole

（3）.--Willitgoonrainingtomorrow?

---___.Therearesomanydarkcloudsinthesky.

A.Ihopeso.B.I’mafraidnot.C.Isupposeso.D.Ibelievenot.

10.However,thesuspecthadevidencetoprovethathewasatanotherplaceatthetimeofthecrime.

【解析】provesth./provesth.tobe…证实sth./证明sth.

eg.Iamunabletoprovethetruthofwhathesaid.

Sheprovedherselftobeanableteacher.

prove连系动词可省去“tobe”直接加形容词、名词

eg.Whathesaidproved（tobe）right。

/Theplanproved（tobe）asuccess.

EX.

（1）.Thedetectivehassomeevidence_______（prove）thesuspectwasatthesceneofthecrime.

（2）.Ifsomethingisconfirmed,itis_____.

A.notsureB.nottrueC.provedtobet