七升八英语衔接暑期新八年级英语新初二英语第2讲 主题阅读之校园生活讲义含练习答案.docx
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七升八英语衔接暑期新八年级英语新初二英语第2讲 主题阅读之校园生活讲义含练习答案.docx
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七升八英语衔接暑期新八年级英语新初二英语第2讲主题阅读之校园生活讲义含练习答案
学员姓名:
学科教师:
年级:
七升八辅导科目:
英语
授课日期
时间
主题
主题阅读之校园生活
学习目标
1.在阅读中积累词汇短语及句型表达;培养学生理解和运用语言能力的基本方法;
2.理解文章的整体情感和文化背景,灵活迁移阅读信息到写作表达中去。
3.培养学生的阅读兴趣。
教学内容
此环节设计时间在15分钟。
教学建议:
1.浏览下图,让学生用英文简单地描述图片;
2.Speakingcontest:
Myschoollife
让学生说出表达自己的观点,言之有理,能自圆其说即可。
Keys:
playfootballKeys:
haveclass
Keys:
playbasketballKeys:
dohandwork
此环节教案预期时间60分钟
教学建议:
1.要求学生在限定时间6分钟内完成阅读;
2.让学生之间相互对答案;
3.鼓励学生自己解释和别人答案不同的题目以便老师了解学生的解题思路及错误原因;
4.让错误较多的学生总结错误原因及注意事项。
5.短语及句型学习
【知识梳理1】回答问题解题方法和技巧
知识点1.回答问题考点分析:
1)细节与事实:
往往考查事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等。
2)结论或推论:
答案往往无所谓正确与错误之别,而是须读懂通篇文章,弄懂作者的写作要旨,按照文章的内容和逻辑关系,做出符合原文逻辑或主旨的结论或推论。
知识点2.回答问题解题方法:
1)客观信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。
在答题时要仔细核对原文,注意问题的人称、时态和语态与原文是否一致,如果答题时需要语言重组,则应尤为慎重。
2)开放性的问题源于文章,答题时不能天马行空,要符合逻辑。
语言不宜过于复杂,能说明观点即可。
【例题精讲】
例1.
MoreYouthUseSmartphonesAsRoutetoWeb
Keepcomputersinacommonareasoyoucanmonitorwhatyourkidsaredoing.It'salongstandingdirectiveforonlinesafety—butonethat'squicklybecomingmootasmoreyoungpeoplehavemobiledevices,oftenwithInternetaccess.
AnewreportfromthePewInternet&AmericanLifeProjectfindsthat78percentofyoungpeople,ages12to17,nowhavecellphones.Nearlyhalfofthosearesmartphones,asharethat'sincreasingsteadily—andthat'shavingabigeffectonhow,andwhere,manyyoungpeopleareaccessingtheWeb.
Thesurvey,releasedWednesday,findsthatoneinfouryoungpeoplesaytheyare"cell-mostly"Internetusers,apercentagethatincreasestoabouthalfwhenthephoneisasmartphone.Incomparison,just15percentofadultssaidtheyaccesstheInternetmostlybycellphone.
"It'sjustpartoflifenow,"saysDonaldConkey,ahighschoolsophomoreinWilmette,Ill.,justnorthofChicago,whoisamongthemanyteenswhohavesmartphones."Everyone'saboutthesamenowwhenitcomestotheirphones—they'reonthemalot."
Heandotherteenssaythatifyouaddupallthetimetheyspendusingappsandsearchingforinformation,textinganddownloadingmusicandvideos,they'reontheirphonesforatleastacouplehourseachday—andthattimeisonlyincreasing,
Accordingtothesurvey,olderteengirls,ages14to17,wereamongthemostlikelytosaytheirphonesweretheprimarywaytheyaccesstheWeb.Andwhileyoungpeopleinlow-incomehouseholdswerestillsomewhatlesslikelytousetheInternet,thosewhohadphoneswerejustaslikely—andinsomecases,morelikely—tousetheircellphonesasthemainwaytheyaccesstheWeb.
Itmeansthat,asthisyounggenerationof"mobilesurfers"growsandcomesofage,thewaycorporationsdobusinessandmarketersadvertisewillonlycontinuetoevolve,aswillthewaymobiledevicesaremonitored.
Already,manysmartphoneshaverestrictionmenusthatallowparentstoblockcertainphonefunctions,ormaturecontent.Cellphoneprovidershaveservicesthatallowparentstoseealotoftheirchildren'stexts.Andthereareagrowingnumberofsmartphoneapplicationsthatatleastclaimtogiveparentssomelevelofcontrolonaphone'sWebbrowser,thoughmanytechexpertsagreethattheseapplicationscanbehit-or-miss.
Despitetheabilitytomonitorsomephoneactivity,sometechandcommunicationexpertsquestionwhethersurveillance,alone,isthebestresponsetothetrend.
Someparentstakeahardlineonlimits.Others,notsomuch,saysMaryMadden,aseniorresearcheratPewwhoco-authoredthereport."Itseemsliketherearetwoextremes.Theparentswhoarereallylockingdownandmonitoringeverything—ortheoneswhoarethrowinguptheirhandsandsaying,'I'msooverwhelmed,'"Maddensays.
WORDBANK
a)monitorv.监督,监控
b)accessn.入口,接近v.使用,获取
c)evolvev.演变,发展
d)claimv声称
e)surveillancen.监督
【长难句解析】
Nearlyhalfofthosearesmartphones,asharethat'sincreasingsteadily—andthat'shavingabigeffectonhow,andwhere,manyyoungpeopleareaccessingtheWeb.
在该句中,ashare是nearlyhalfofthose的同位语,其后面带了两个定语从句,即“that'sincreasingsteadily”和“that'shavingabigeffecton…”,先关系代词that在定语从句中均作主语。
Answerthequestionsaccordingtothepassage.
1.Whyarecomputerskeptinacommonarea?
___________________________________________________________________________
解析:
定位到文章第一段第一句,“Keepcomputersinacommonareasoyoucanmonitorwhatyourkidsaredoing.”此题答案为:
Becauseinthisway,youcanmonitorwhatyourkidsaredoing.
2.WhatdoteensoftendowiththeirsmartphonebesidesaccessingtheInternet?
__________________________________________________________________________
解析:
定位到文章第五段,“Heandotherteenssaythatifyouaddupallthetimetheyspendusingappsandsearchingforinformation,textinganddownloadingmusicandvideos.”此题答案为:
Theyoftensearchforinformation,textanddownloadmusicandvideos.
3.WhatinfluenceswillthewayyoungpeopleaccesstheWebbring?
___________________________________________________________________________
解析:
定位到文章第七段,“Itmeansthat,asthisyounggenerationof"mobilesurfers"growsandcomesofage,thewaycorporationsdobusinessandmarketersadvertisewillonlycontinuetoevolve,aswillthewaymobiledevicesaremonitored.”此题答案为:
Thewaycorporationsdobusinessandmarketersadvertisewillcontinuetoevolve.
4.Howcanparentsmonitortheirchildren’sphoneactivities?
___________________________________________________________________________
解析:
定位到文章第八段,“Already,manysmartphoneshaverestrictionmenusthatallowparentstoblockcertainphonefunctions,ormaturecontent.Cellphoneprovidershaveservicesthatallowparentstoseealotoftheirchildren'stexts.”此题答案为:
Parentscanusetherestrictionmenustoblockcertainphonefunctionsormaturecontect,andseetheirchildren’stext.
5.Whatdoexpertsthinkofthemethodsprovidedtoparentstomonitortheirchildren’sphoneactivities?
____________________________________________________________________
解析:
定位到文章第九段,“Despitetheabilitytomonitorsomephoneactivity,sometechandcommunicationexpertsquestionwhethersurveillance,alone,isthebestresponsetothetrend。
”此题答案为:
Theexpertsthinkthatmorefactorsshouldberesponsibletothistrendbesidessurveillance.
【巩固练习】
Answerthequestions(根据短文内容回答下列问题):
Englishisanimportantinternationallanguage,butthatdoesn’tmeanit’seasytolearn.ManyexpertshavetriedtomakeEnglisheasiertolearn—buttheyweren’talwayssuccessful.
In1930,ProfessorC.K.OgdenofCambridgeUniversityinventedBasicEnglish.Ithadonly850words(andjusteighteenverbs)andOgdensaidmostpeoplecouldlearnitinjustthirtyhours.TheproblemwasthatpeoplewholearnedBasicEnglishcouldwriteandsaysimplemessages,buttheycouldn’tunderstandtheanswersin‘real’English!
Itwasalsoimpossibletoexplainawordifitwasn’tintheBasicEnglishwordlist.R.E.Zachrisson,auniversityprofessorinSweden,decidedthatthebiggestproblemforlearnersofEnglishwasspelling,soheinventedalanguagewiththenameAnglic.AnglicwassimilartoEnglish,butwithmuchsimplerspelling.‘Father’became‘faadher’,‘new’became‘nue’and‘years’became‘yeerz’.Unluckily,Anglicneverbecamepopular.
IntheageofinternationalcommunicationthroughtheInternet,whoknowswhatwillhappen?
...anewformofEnglishmightappear.Alargenumberoftheworld’se-mailsareinEnglishandinclude(包括)examplesof‘NetLingo’likeOIC(Oh,Isee)andTTYL(Talktoyoulater).Inanotherfiftyyears,Englishmightnotbeused.WemightallspeakfluentInternetish!
1.ManyexpertshavetriedtomakeEnglisheasiertolearn,haven’tthey?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2.WhoinventedBasicEnglishin1930?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
3.HowlongcouldmostpeoplelearnBasicEnglishaccordingtoProfessorOgden?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
4.WhatwasthebiggestproblemforlearnersofEnglishaccordingtoProfessorZachrisson?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
5.WhatmighthappentoEnglishinanotherfiftyyears?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
6.Whatdoyouthinkoftheexperts’ideasofmakingEnglisheasier?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1.Yes,theyhave.
2.ProfessorCKOgden(ofCambridgeUniversity).
3.Injust30hours.
4.Spelling.
5.Englishmightnotbeused.(WemightallspeakInternetish.)
6.(Anyreasonableanswersareacceptable.)
【知识梳理2】
知识点1.首字母解体技巧和方法
1)浅谈首字母阅读题型特征和能力培养:
通常来说,首字母阅读是初中生觉得难度最高的一类阅读,那么首字母到底考查我们什么能力呢?
其实,首字母考查我们在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来,并且单词形式合理,符合语法规范,符合短文意思需要。
由于试题的首字母已给,所填的词就必须是该字母开头的单词。
其实,这既是一种限制,又是一种提示。
基于首字母阅读的题型特征,我们平时必须对以下几种能力给予提高:
a.词汇积累量与运用能力(基础)
b.句法结构分析能力(确定词性和词形)
c.语义语境分析能力(确定词义)
d.逻辑推断能力(确定词义)
e.前后文关键信息提取能力(更为准确确定词义)
知识点2.首字母阅读解题思路与技巧:
(五部曲)
a.词性的判断(句法结构、词性间搭配)
b.词义范围的判断(句意、文意)
c.关注句首句中连词与副词运用(主要是词性的准确判断)
d.脑海中搜索符合相关条件的考纲词汇(时间允许,可用首字母配对形式)
e.核查(名词单复数、动词时态三单、形容词级、固定搭配与文意)
知识点3.首字母中各类学生存在的能力分析:
a.基础差型:
词汇+句法+语义语境分析+逻辑推断+前后文信息提取+方法技巧运用+词形词义
b.基础较好型:
词汇+句法+语义语境分析+逻辑推断+前后文信息提取+方法技巧运用
c.基础优型:
词汇+句法+语义语境分析+逻辑推断+前后文信息提取+方法技巧运用
【例题精讲】
Fillintheblankstocompletethesummaryofthisarticle.
Inmanybigcitiesintheworld,theoveruseofcarsisthoughttobeoneofthemajorcausesofairpollution.Whatwillcarsbel___1___inthefuture?
Someexpertsthinkthattoday’scarsareintroubleb____2___theyusetoomuchpetrol(汽油).Theysaythecarofthefuturewillbemuch,muchsmaller.Thecaroftomorrowwillbem___3__withoutamotororaircondition.Itw
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- 特殊限制:
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