英语专四虚拟语气真题版.docx

英语专四虚拟语气真题版.docx

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英语专四虚拟语气真题版

Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood

A.Lucyinsistedthathersongethomebefore5o’clock.

B.Sheusedtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.

C.Walkstraightahead,anddon’tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.

D.PaulwillcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.

Ifit____tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.

A.wastorainB.weretorain

C.wasrainingD.hadrained

Mybossorderedthatthelegaldocuments______tohimbeforelunch.

A.besentB.weresent

C.weretobesentD.mustbesent

It'sgettinglate.I'dratheryou______now.

A.leftB.leave×

C.areleavingD.willleave

答案：

wouldrather后面的从句须用虚拟式，若指现在，用一般过去时，若指过去，用过去完成时。

Itisnecessarythathe______theassignmentwithoutdelay.

A.handinB.handsin

C.musthandinD.hastohandin

Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English______mucheasiertolearn.

A.couldhavebeenB.wouldbe

C.willbeD.wouldhavebeen

She______fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetherataconference.

A.hadbeen×B.mustbe

C.hasbeenD.musthavebeen

答案：

情态动词must可用于很有把握的推断。

对于现在事情的肯定推断，用mustdo.而对于过去的推断，用musthavedone.本句是对她过去年龄的肯定判断。

HadJudybeenmorecarefulonthemathsexam,she______muchbetterresultsnow.

A.wouldbegettingB.couldhavegot

C.mustgetD.wouldget

Ifonlythepatient______adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiotics,hemightstillbealivenow.

A.hadreceivedB.received

C.shouldreceiveD.werereceiving

答案：

ifonly引导的虚拟语气；与过去事实相反，谓语动词用haddone；与现在事实相反，谓语动词用did.

本句为错综虚拟，ifonly部分表示的是过去发生的事，故用过去完成时。

She______fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetherattheconference.

A．mustbeB.hadbeen

C.couldbeD.musthavebeen

Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe______toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.

A.hadhad×B.has

C.hadD.wouldhave

答案：

but后的内容为真实情况，时态与前面一直。

原句可理解为：

Ifhehadmoney,hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthehadto……

2007．65ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam______hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.

A.willcontinueB.continued

C.continueD.continues

IfonlyI______playtheguitaraswellasyou!

A.wouldB.couldC.shouldD.might

答案：

ifonly后常用虚拟语气表示惋惜，遗憾。

本句是对现在情况的虚拟，动词用过去式could.

It'shightimewe______cuttingdowntherainforests.

A.stoppedB.hadtostop×

C.shallstopD.stop

答案:

It’s（high）time后接句子时，谓语动词用过去式。

Itisimperativethatthegovernment______moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.

A.attractsB.shallattract

C.attractD.hasto

Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he______abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.

A.wouldbeB.willhavebeen

C.wasD.were

Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe______us.Ithinkit'shightimewe______strongactionsagainsthim.

A.betrayed…takeB.hadbetrayed…took

C.hasbetrayed…took×D.hasbetrayed…take

答案：

Itisthefirsttime+have/hasdone

Itwasthefirsttime+haddone

Itishightime+过去式/shoulddo

______you______furtherproblemswithyourprinter,contactyourdealerforadvice.

A.If,had×B.Have,had

C.Should,haveD.Incase,had

答案：

这道题看了之后，没办法按照虚拟语气去写，因为if引导的虚拟语气，主句也有相应的变化，但是这句话的主句是个祈使句。

这其实是情态动词should的用法，should在这里表示“万一”，它常用在if从句当中，主句不用虚拟，而且可以将if省略，将should提到主语之前

_____Iwillmarryhimallthesame.

A.WasherichorpoorB.Whetherrichorpoor×

C.WereherichorpoorD.Beherichorpoor

答案:

让步状语从句：

Whether（it）hebe…or…

省略句：

beit（he）…or…倒装

D项=whetherheisrichorpoor

Ihadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand

A.Wouldyoubesurprised

B.Wereyousurprised

C.Hadyoubeensurprised

D.Wouldyouhavebeensurprised

Itisimperativethatstudents___theirtermpapersontime.

A.handinB.wouldhandin

C.havetohandinD.handedin

虚拟式

Be-型虚拟式

1用于表示命令，决定，建议等词之后的that-从句中。

（a）动词decide,decree（发布命令）,demand,insist,move（提议），order,prefer,propose,recommend,request,require,suggest,vote.

如suggest,insist不表示"建议"或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。

Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybodyobeytherules.

（b）形容词advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting（合适的）,imperative,important,impossible,necessary,obligatory（强制实施），proper.

（c）名词decision,decree（裁定）,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution（意志，决心）,suggestion

在这一用法中，be-型虚拟式能与”should+不定式”交替使用，也能与to-不定式交替使用。

:

Itisimportantthatshebeplacedinanappropriatejob.

Itisimportantthatsheshouldbeplacedinanappropriatejob.

Itisimportantforhertobeplacedinanappropriatejob.

（b）be-型虚拟式用于由if,though,whatever,lest,solongas等引导的分句中表示推测，让步，防备。

Ifhebefoundguilty,Johnshallhavetherightofappeal.

Thougheveryonedesertyou,Iwillnot.

Whateverbehisdefense,wecannottoleratethisdisloyalty.

Quietlywesatontheriverbanklestthefishswimaway.

Solongasavolumeholdtogether,Iamnotdisturbedastoitsouterappearance.

特殊句：

Sobeit.（但愿如此/就这样吧）

Sufficeittosaythat…（只需说…就够了）

Farbeitfrommeto…（我极不愿…）

Hewillremainhereifneedbe.

Homeishome,beiteversohomely.

Bethatasitmay…（即使如此/尽管这样）

Were-型虚拟

①Were-型虚拟常用于if,ifonly,asif,asthough,though引导的条件状语从句和让步状语分句中，表示非真实的条件或让步。

IfIwereyou,Ishouldwaittillnextweek.

IfonlyIwerenotsonervous.

HespoketomeasifIweredeaf.

Hebehavesasthoughhewerebetterthanus.

Thoughthewholeworldwereagainstme,IwoulddowhatIconsiderasright.

2were-型虚拟常用于wish,wouldrather,suppose,imagine之后的that-分句中，表示一种臆想的（不可能发生的）情况。

Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.

I’dratherIwerenotatthesiteoftheaccident.

Supposetheearthwereflat.

Justimagineeveryoneweretogiveupsmoking.

＊ifIwereyou这一分句中，通常用were,不用was.

在某些倒装结构中只能用were,不能用was.

＊在asitwere（作sotospeak时，即宛如，好比）也只用were.

:

Heismybestfriend,mysecondself,asitwere.

用动词的过去式表示假设意义：

1Itistime（that）…

Itisabouttime…

Itishightime…did/shoulddo（should不可省）

②Iwouldrather/sooner（that）you/he/they

③Ifonly…

④Hebehavesasif/asthough…

＊asif,asthough在某些语境中，如果不表示假设，就不必用过去式。

:

Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.

⑤Iwish（that）…

题外话：

Itisthefirst（second,third…）time…现在完成时….

Itwasthefirst（second,third…）time过去完成时…

If引导的从句的虚拟

从句

主语

与现在事实相反

were/did

Would/should/could/might

+V原

与过去事实相反

Haddone

Would/should/could/might

+havedone

与将来事实相反

Wereto/should

Would/should/could/might

+V原

含蓄虚拟

1连词but,butthat,or,orelse,

副词otherwise,unfortunately表转折假设。

:

Asafetyanalysiswouldhaveidentifiedthetargetasapotentialdanger.Unfortunately,itwasneverdone.

②介词短语暗含假设条件：

Without,butfor,undermorefavorableconditions.

：

ButfortheEnglishexamine,IwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.

③intended,meant,hoped,wished,planed或

Was/were+不定式完成时或hadintended/meant/planed/hoped/wished+不定式，表虚拟。

:

IwastohavemadeaspeechifIhadnotbeencalledaway.