英语语言学练习题key.docx
- 文档编号:27297461
- 上传时间:2023-06-28
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:19
- 大小:25.66KB
英语语言学练习题key.docx
《英语语言学练习题key.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语语言学练习题key.docx(19页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
英语语言学练习题key
英语语言学练习题
Ⅰ.Matching
MatcheachofthefollowingtermsinColumnAwithoneoftheappropriatedefinitionsinColumnB.
ColumnA
1.displacement
2.langue
3.suprasegmentalfeature
4.deepstructure
5.predicationanalysis
6.idiolect
7.pidgin
8.mistakes
9.interlanguage
10.motivation
11.arbitrariness
12.competence
13.broadtranscription
14.morphology
15.category
16.errors
17.componentialanalysis
18.context
19.blending
20.culture
21.learningstrategies
22.selectionalrestrictions
23.phrasestructurerules
24.culturediffusion
ColumnB
A.Learners’independentsystemofthesecondlanguage,whichisofneitherthenativelanguagenorthesecondlanguage,butacontinuumorapproximationfromhisnativelanguagetothetargetlanguage.9
B.Learner’sattitudesandaffectivestateorlearningdrive,havingastrongimpactonhiseffortsnlearningasecondlanguage.21
C.Therulesthatspecifytheconstituentsofsyntacticcategories.23
D.Throughcommunication,someelementsofcultureAentercultureBandbecomepartofcultureB.24
E.Apersonaldialectofanindividualspeakerthatcombineselementsregardingregional,social,gender,andagevariations.6
F.Aspeciallanguagevarietythatmixesorblendslanguagesanditisusedbypeoplewhospeakdifferentlanguagesforrestrictedpurposessuchastrading.7
G.Thekindofanalysiswhichinvolvesthebreakingdownofpredicationsintotheirconstituents----argumentsandpredicates.5
H.Theyrefertoconstraintsonwhatlexicalitemscangowithwhatothers.22
I.ThestructureformedbytheXPruleinaccordancewiththehead’ssubcategorizationproperties.4
J.Thephonemicfeaturesthatoccurabovethelevelofthesegments.3
K.Thestudyoftheinternalstructureofwords,andtherulesthatgoverntheruleofwordformation.14
L.Theabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.2
M.Languagecanbeusedtorefertocontextsremovedfromtheimmediatesituationsofthespeaker.Itisoneofthedistinctivefeaturesofhumanlanguage.1
N.Learner’sconscious,goal-orientedandproblem-solvingbasedeffortstoachievelearningefficiency.10
O.Thetotalwayoflifeofapeople,includingthepatternsofbelief,customs,objects,institutions,techniques,andlanguagethatcharacterizesthelifeofthehumancommunity.20
P.Thecommonknowledgesharedbyboththespeakerandhearer.18
Q.Thewayofwordformationbywhichnewwordsmaybeformedbycombiningpartsofotherwords.19
R.Agroupoflinguisticitemswhichfulfillthesameorsimilarfunctionsinaparticularlanguage,suchasasentence,anounphraseoraverb.15
S.Awayproposedbythestructuralsemanticiststoanalyzewordmeaning.Thisapproachbelievesthatthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents.17
T.Theidealuser’sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguage.12
U.Oneofthepropertiesofhumanlanguage.Itmeansthatthereisnologicalconnectionbetweenmeaningsandsounds.11
V.Awaytotranscribespeechsoundswithletter-symbolsonly.13
W.Theyreflectgapsinalearner’sknowledgeofthetargetlanguage,notself-corrigible.16
X.Theyreflectoccasionallapsesinperformance.8
Ⅱ.Blank-filling.
Fillinthefollowingblankswithaword,whoseinitialletterhasbeengiven.
1.“Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet.”Thisquotationisagoodillustrationofthea____natureoflanguage.Arbitrary
2.Thedescriptionofalanguageatsomepointoftimeinhistoryisasynchronicstudy;thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisad____study.Diachronic
3.Chomskydefinesc____astheidealuser’sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguage,andperformancetheactualrealizationofthisknowledgeinlinguisticcommunication.Competence
4.Intheproductionofvowelstheairstreamcomingfromthelungsmeetswithnoo____.Thismarkstheessentialdifferencebetweenvowelsandconsonants.Obstruction
5.Thedifferentphonesthatcanrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticenvironmentsarecalledthea____ofthephoneme.Allophone
6.Allophonesofthesamephonemecannotoccurinthesamephoneticenvironment.Theyaresaidtobeinc____distribution.Complementary
7.Whenpitch,stressandsoundlengtharetiedtothesentenceratherthanthewordinisolation,theyarecollectivelyknownasi____.Intonation
8.Them____unitofmeaningistraditionallycalledmorpheme.Minimum
9.I____morphemesareboundmorphemesthatareforthemostpartpurelygrammaticalmarkers,signifyingsuchconceptsastense,number,caseandsoon.Inflectional
10.Phrasesthatareformedofmorethanonewordusuallycontainthreeelements:
head,specifier,andc____.Complement
11.Concerningthestudyofmeaning,conceptualistviewholdsthatthereisnodirectlinkbetweenalinguisticformandwhatitrefersto;rather,intheinterpretationofmeaningtheyarelinkedthroughthemediationofc____inthemind.concept
12.Thesenserelationbetween“animal”and“dog”iscalledh____.hyponymy
13.P____referstothephenomenonthatthesamewordmayhaveasetofdifferentmeanings.Polysemy
14.Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningthec____ofuseistakenintoconsideration.Context
15.S____referstothelinguisticvarietycharacteristicofaparticularsocialclass.Sociolect
16.WHOisana____derivedfromtheinitialsof“WorldHealthOrganization”.Acronym
17.AccordingtoHalliday,languagevariesasitsfunctionvaries;itdiffersindifferentsituations.Thetypeoflanguagewhichisselectedasappropriatetothetypeofsituationisar____.Register
18.Incross-culturalcommunication,someelementsofcultureAentercultureBandbecomepartofcultureB,thusbringingaboutthephenomenonofculturald____.Diffusion
19.Whilethefirstlanguageisacquireds____,thesecondorforeignlanguageismorecommonlylearnedconsciously.Subconsciously
20.Languagea______referstoanaturalabilityforlearningasecondlanguage.Acquisition
21.Vibrationofvocalcordsresultsinaqualityofspeechsoundscalled“v”,whichisafeatureofallvowelsandsomeconsonantsinEnglish.Voice
22.Thephonemicfeaturesthatoccurabovethelevelofthesegmentarecalleds____features.Suprasegmental
23.Morphologyreferstothestudyoftheinternalstructureofwordsandrulesforwordf____.Formation
24.Theminimalunitofmeaningistraditionallycalledm____.Morpheme
25.Thesenserelationbetween“autumn”and“fall”iscalleds____.Synonym
26.H____referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform,i.e.,differentwordsareidenticalinsoundorspelling,orinboth.Homonymy
27.Indailycommunication,peopledonotalwaysobservethefourmaximsoftheco-operativeprinciple.Conversationali____wouldarisewhenthemaximsareflouted.Implicature
28.SARSisana____derivedfromtheinitialsof“SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome”.Acronym
29.I____isapersonaldialectofanindividualspeakerthatcombineselementsregardingregional,social,gender,andagevariations.Idiolect
30.RP,theshortformof“R____Pronunciation”referstotheparticularwayofpronouncingstandardEnglish.Received
31.B____referstothesituationthatinsomespeechcommunitiestwolanguagesareusedsidebysidewitheachhavingadifferentroletoplay.Bilingualism
32.A:
WheredoesGérardlive?
B:
SomewhereintheSouthofFrance.B’sanswerviolatesthemaximofq.quantity
33.Traditionalbehavioristsviewlanguageasbehaviorandbelievethatlanguagelearningissimplyamatterofi____andhabitformation.Imitation
34.I____referstolearners’independentsystemofthesecondlanguage,whichisofneitherthenativelanguagenorthesecondlanguage,butacontinuumorapproximationfromhisnativelanguagetothetargetlanguage.Inter-language
35.M_____canbedefinedasthelearner’sattitudesandaffectivestateorlearningdrive,havingastrongimpactonhiseffortsnlearningasecondlanguage.Motivation
36.Bysayinglanguageisp__________,wemeanthateverylanguagecontainsaninfinitenumberofsentences,whichhowever,aregeneratedbyasmallsetofrulesandafinitesetofwords.Productive
37.D_______affixescreatenewwordsandveryoftencauseachangeingrammaticalclass.Derivation
25.Srestrictionsconstraintsonwhatlexicalitemcangowithothers.Selectionalrestrictions
38.Ereflectgapsinalearner’sknowledgeofthetargetlanguage,notself-corrigible.Errors
39.“Piece”and“peace”belongtoh.homophones
40.Materialculture,asthetermitself,isconcrete,substantialando.observable
41.Carecommittingthespeakerhimselftosomefuturecourseofaction.Commissives
42.Meatoriginallymeant“food”butnowrefersto“ediblepartofananimal”,thisisanexampleofnofmeaning.Narrowing
43.Theword“edit”isformedthroughb.backformation
44.Dreferstothepropertythathumanlanguagecancommunicateaboutthingsthatareabsentaseasilyasaboutthingsthatarepresent.Displacement
45.Pisaphoneticunit,whichdoesnotnecessarilydistinguishmeaning.Phone
46.Theword“unreliability”consistsofmorphemes.5
47.Childdirectedspeechisalsocalledm.motherese
48.C strategiesinvolvedinanalyzing,synthesis,andinternalizingwhathasbeenlearned.Cognitive
49.The[i:
]soundisninwordslikebean,green,team,andscream.Thisisbecauseinallthesesoundcombinationsthe[i:
]soundisfollowedbyanasal[n]or[m].nasalized
50.Alactistheactofutteringwords,phrases,clauses.Itistheactofconveyingliteralmeanin
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语 语言学 练习题 key