初一介词详解及练习题.docx
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初一介词详解及练习题.docx
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初一介词详解及练习题
初一介词详解及练习题
初一介词讲解及练习
介词:
介词是虚词,不能独立充当句子成分
介词短语能够充当句子成分
介词短语=介词+介词宾语(名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当)
根据词形,介词分为三类:
1简单介词:
in,on,from,at,for
合成介词:
upon,into,onto,inside,without
成语介词:
由两个以上单词合成。
infrontof,inthemiddleof,ontopof
一、常用固定搭配的介词短语形式
1.动词+介词looklike;lookat;talkto;thinkof
2.be+形容词+介词besurprisedat;beafraidof
3.be+名词+介词bemadatsb;thekeyto;thewayto
4.介词+名词atwork;athome;atschool;atlast;onthefarm
5.介词+名词+介词infrontof;attheageof;attheendof
6.介词+动名词短语afterleavingschool;afterfinishingit
7.介词+代词forher;fromeachother;afterhim
8.其他词+介词insteadof;becauseof;accordingto
举例:
1.Shelookslikehermother.
2.Yourcoatlooksverynice.What’sitmadeof
3.Wouldyoupleaseshowmethewaytothebank?
4.Myfatherisworkingattheoffice.
5.Don’tstandinfrontofthecar.It’stoodangerous.
6.Pleasetideyourschoolbagbeforeleavingschool.
7.Itisdangerousforhertoswimalong.
8.Whataniceday!
WeshouldgosightseeinginsteadofwatchingTVinthehotel.
常用介词用法:
in的用法:
1.inonat的用法区别:
in表示一日中上午、下午、晚上或周、月、季、年
on表示日、周日或特定某日中的一段时间
at表示点钟,一日中的黎明、中午、黄昏、半夜等
intheevening,intheweek,inAugust,inspring,in2013,inthreedays
onMonday,onMaythefirst,onarainyday,onJuly10,2013
atfive,atnight,
2.inintoinside的用法区别;
Hespentabout21hoursinspace.
Chinasentamanintospace.
YangLiweiwasinside.
in的用法比较多,在这里只讲这三个有共同的意识:
‘在...里’的区别
in在上面句子里是介词,表示‘在...里’
into强调由外及内的过程,而in不强调
inside‘在...里面’,有名词,介词,形容词,副词用法,在上面句子里是名词,而in不能表示这种意识
3.in与after的用法区别;
Wewentthereinsixdays.(过去时中in表....时间内)
Wewentthereaftersixdays.(过去时中after表....时间后)
Weoftendoourhomeworkafterschool.(固定词组,afterclass;aftersupper等)
Afterfinishinghishomework,hewenttobed.(after+动名词)
Hewillcomeintwodays.(将来时中in表....时间后)
Hewillcomewithintwodays.(将来时within表....时间内)
Mymotheroftengoestoworkafter8o’clock.(现在时中after+时间点表....时间后)
4.in,on在…上
on表示两个物体的接触,但不表深度,如墙上的黑板、地图、图画
in表示在…上必须具有某种深度,如墙上的门、窗、洞等
on打在某人的头上、腿上、鼻子上等
in打在某人的(脸上、腹部等)
onthetree树上长出的东西
inthetree用来指外界的人、动物在树上
5.inwith的用法:
in后所用的材料inink;inpencil;Don’twritealetterinpencil.
with后加所用的工具Hedoeshishomeworkwithapencil.
6.indresswear
Thegirlinthehatismyfriend.(in或bein表状态)
Shehadonareddress.(haveon表状态)
Heoftenwearsasweater.(wear表状态)
Hereisacoatforyou.You’dbetterputiton.(puton表动作)
Shegotupanddressedherselfquickly.(dresssb或dressoneself既表动作又表状态)
7.intime和ontime的区别
Wewerejustintimeforthebus.及时
Thetrainarrivedontime.准时
8.inbed,onthebed的区别
Heisill.Heisinbedallday.卧床,睡觉
Aniceboxisonthebed.床上躺着休息或某物在床上
9.inonto的区别
Chinaisintheeastoftheworld.(in表示在某一地区之内的某方位)
KoreaisontheeastofChina.(on表示与某地相邻)
JapanistotheeastofChina.(to表示在某一地区之外的某方位).
TaiwanisinthesouthofChina.(台湾和大陆虽然以海相隔,但是我国的一个省,要用in)
10.inthestreet和onthestreet的用法
表示“在街上”时,英国常用前者,美国常用后者
11.inhospitalinthehospital
Sheisinhospital.在住院
Sheisinthehospital.在医院工作
12.inschool在学习
atschool在学校;在上课
其他词组:
keepinmind牢记
beincontactwith和…联系
with的用法:
用…工具
writewithapen
cutwithknife
fillwith
seewithoureyes
表示伴随状态
withaword
withasmile
bringsthwithsb
takesthwithsb
固定搭配:
withthehelpof
bebusywith
重点句:
Afterthefinalexam,Peter,withherparents,isgoingtotraveltoCanadainsteadofstayingathomeallthetime.
by的用法:
by表示“到…之前”
byseveno’clockbynowbytheendoflastyear
byyesterdaybythen
Bytomorrow,I’llhavetheoutstanding(出售)fivepercent.
到了明天,我将得到未出售的百分之五。
by表示“乘…交通工具,用…方式或方法”
bybusbyheartbyseabytrain
bycarbyshipbyboatbyair
byoneselfbytheway
on,by用法:
onabike;on与the,one’s,或a这类限定词连用
bybike;bytrain不加限定词
by,beside,near,beyond的用法区别:
by靠近,在…近旁
beside在…旁边,其距离远于“by”
near在附近,距离远于beside,而且范围大
beyond在…以外
练习一:
用by,beside,near,beyond填空
1.Thelittlegirlissitting_____hermother.
2.Thereisawhitecar______ourschool.
3.Manyshopsare______ourhome.
4._______ourcitythereisariver.
练习二:
1.Thepostofficeis_______thepolicestationandthelibrary.
A.betweenB.amongC.in
2.Theoldwomanlives_____asmallvillage.Itis______twohills.
A.in,amongB.at,amongC.at,betweenD.in,between
3.Ican’tfinishmywork_______yourhelp.
A.withB.withoutC.in
4.Thankyou____________metohavedinner.
A.forinviteB.ofinviteC.forinviting
5.Hewouldliketowalk______thejungle(丛林)onvacation.
A.acrossB.crossC.through
6.It’sdangeroustogo_______thestreetnow.
A.acrossB.crossC.through
7.Theyoungmanwalked_____theforestandcametoabigriveratlast.
A.acrossB.crossC.through
8.Whyareyoustanding,Alice
-Ican’tseetheblackboardclearly.Twotallboysaresitting____me.
A.behindB.nexttoC.infrontof
9.Ifyoudothings_____,usuallyyoucan’tdothemwell.
A.inahurryB.fromnowonC.justnow
10.Shehadtosellthehouseeventhoughitwas_____herownwishes.
A.aboveB.againstC.for
11.Whataniceday!
Weshouldgosightseeing_____watchingTVinthehotel.
A.becauseofB.insteadofC.togetherwith
12.Yourcoatlooksverynice.What’sitmade______
-Cotton,anditismade_____Wuhan.
A.from,inB.of,inC.from,on
13.-Whenandwhereyouborn?
-Iwasborn____October1st,1998____Suzhou.
A.on,onB.in,inC.on,in
14.Ireallycan’tseeanything.Hisheadis____ofmyview.
A.onthewayB.bythewayC.intheway
15.Therewillbemanyrobots____people’shomes____tenyears.
A.in,/B.in,inC.in,after
16.Alltheworkerswenthomeyesterday____MrWhite.Why?
-Becausehewasonduty.
A.exceptB.besidesC.exceptfor
17.It’sverykind____themtopickmeupattherailwaystationanddrivemehome.
A.forB.toC.of
18.AUFOlanded___theCenterStreet.
A.atB.onC.in
19._____theSpringFestival,theheavysnowstoppedmanypeoplefrom_____backhome.
A.During,goingB.In,goC.On,goes
20.Thinkitover_______youwritetheanswer.
A.beforeB.afterC.on
答案:
练习一:
1.by,2.beside,3.near,4.beyond
练习二:
1.A2.D3.B4.C5.C6.A
7.C8.C9.A10.B11.B12.B13.C
14.C15.C16.A17.C18.B19.A20.A
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