福建省宁德市学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题.docx

福建省宁德市学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题.docx

《福建省宁德市学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《福建省宁德市学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题.docx（25页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

福建省宁德市学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题

福建省宁德市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

___________

一、阅读选择

Inahotsummer,there’snobetterplacethanaUKbeach—theseshoresofferwalksandwildlife,picnicsandrockpools.

RunswickBay,NorthYorkshir

Itisapopulardestinationforrockpoolers,walkersandhunters.Manyofthehomesarenowholidayaccommodations,linkedbypathsandwalkwaysratherthanstreets.TheRoyalHotel,attheheartofthevillage,offershomemadecakesandcoffeealongsideasimplebuttastybarmenuandlocalBlackSheepbitterondraft.

Stayin CastleHouse （sleepssix,threenightsfrom£500）atthetopofthevillage;hassweepingviewsofthebayfromacomfortablewindowseat.

SouthShore,BrownseaIsland,Dorset

ReachedbyferryfromthemoneyedshoresofSandbanks,BrownseaIslandisapocketofsafewildernessinPooleharbour.FamousforitsredsquirrelpopulationandasthesiteofBaden-Powell’sfirstScoutcamp,itsmixtureofwoodland,wildland,andpondssuitsadayofexplorationandadventure.Pushyourselfintothesandybanksandenjoyviewsacrosstheharbourinthecompanyofvariousseabirds.

Stay inNationalTrust-owned CustomHouse ontheseaport（sleepsfour,threenightsfrom£622）;offersarealBrownseaexperience.

KingsgateBay,Broadstairs,Kent

ThelackofaconvenientcarparkmeansthatKingsgateBay,betweenMargateandBroadstairs,isquieterthanotherbeachesontheThanetcoast.AshortwalkfromthecarparkatneighboringJossBay（popularwithsurfers）,however,willtakeyoutothisshelteredsandybaywithitsseacaves.Itisalsoasafeplacetoswimandcanoe.

Stayin the BotanyBayHotel （familyroomsfrom£80B&B）;hassomedog-friendlyrooms.

1．Whichofthefollowingsuitsyoumostifyouareananimallover?

A．JossBay.B．KingsgateBay.

C．SouthShore.D．RunswickBay.

2．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．RunswickBaycanbeaccessiblebyferry.

B．Yourpetdogsareadmittedintothe BotanyBayHotel.

C．TherearelotsofconvenientcarparksforvisitorsatKingsgateBay.

D．Youcanenjoyhomemadecakesduringyourstayinthe BotanyBayHotel.

3．Whatkindofpeopleisthetextmainlywrittenfor?

A．Scientists.B．Students.

C．Tourists.D．Artists.

Theabilitytopredictthefutureisararetalent.AmericanauthorIsaacAsimov,oneofthegreatestscience-fictionwritersofhisage,hadsuchatalent.Backin1983,hewasaskedtopredicthowtheworldwouldlooklikein2019.Nowthatwe’rehere,let’sseewhathegotright.

Ontherolethatcomputingwouldplayinthefuture,hewasamazinglyaccurate.Asimovthoughtcomputerswouldcausearevolutioncomparabletotheindustrialrevolutionofthe19thcentury.Specifically,hesaidthat“mobilecomputerizedobjects”wouldbeanimportantpartofeverydaylife.Here,heclearlyforesawourworldofsmartphones,tabletsandotherdevices.Healsohadagreatdealtosayaboutspaceexploration.TheInternationalSpaceStationproveshispredictionthatwewouldnotsimplyvisitspacebutseektostaythere.

HowdidAsimovdevelophisspecialsenseoffuturedevelopments?

Asaprecociousboy,Asimovtaughthimselftoreadattheageoffive.Hereadthenewspapersandmagazinessoldinhisparents’candystore.HisscientificinterestsgainedsharperfocusatColumbiaUniversityinNewYork.Asimovwenttostudychemistry,butbecameboredwithpurelaboratoryscience.Instead,hethoughthardaboutthesocialsignificanceofscience.Hewantedtocommunicatehisideastothepublic.Asanauthor,hisbookswouldfeaturethethemeofsocialchangecausedbytechnology.

Asimovhadhisfingeronthepulseofbothscientificandsocialchange.HehadaclearsightofwhatwascomingaroundthecornerforhumanityinhisworksliketheGalacticEmpireseries.

“Hispredictionsareabsolutelyfascinating,”CalumChase,anEnglishwriter,toldBBCNews.“Hewasagenius.”

4．WhichofthefollowinghasAsimovmadeapredictionabout?

①computers②environment③tablets④space⑤pollution⑥smartphones

A．②⑤⑥B．①③④

C．②③④D．①⑤⑥

5．WhatdoweknowaboutAsimov?

A．Asimovhadgreatinterestinpurelabscience.

B．Asimovkeptpacewithscientificandsocialchange.

C．Asimovcaredlessaboutthesocialsignificanceofscience.

D．Asimovwouldreadinhisneighbor’scandystoreinhischildhood.

6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“precocious”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?

A．Talented.B．Naughty.

C．Considerate.D．Optimistic.

7．Whatwillbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A．TheFocusonSocialChange

B．AGreatScience-fictionWriter

C．TheAbilitytoPredicttheFuture

D．TheManWhoCouldSeetheFuture

Wetendtobelievethatolderpeoplearemorepositiveandyoungerpeoplearemoresensitivetosocialcues（暗示）.

Recentlyscientistsinvestigatedthisideabytesting10,000menandwomen.Theywantedtoseeifageaffectedaperson’sabilitytoidentifysubtlefacialemotions,suchasfearandanger.

TheresearchersusedaWeb-basedplatformtocollectdata.Itshowedtheparticipantstwoheadshotsofrandompeople.Theywerethenaskedtoidentifywhichsubjectwasangrier,happier,ormorefearful.Theresearchfoundthatyoungerpeoplewereabletobetteridentifyangryandfearfulfacialcuesthanolderpeople.

“Weknowfromstudiesthattheeverydayexperiencesofanadolescentaredifferentfromanolderperson,butwewantedtounderstandhowtheseexperiencesmightbelinkedwithdifferencesinbasicemotionunderstanding,”wroteLauraGermine,thestudy’sseniorauthor.

Butwhatisitthatmakesyoungpeoplemoresensitive?

“Thisistheexactagewhenyoungpeoplearemostsensitivetoformsofnegativesocialcues,suchasbullying（欺凌）,”LaurenRutter,thestudy’sleadauthor,toldScienceDaily.“Thenormaldevelopmentofangersensitivitycancontributetosomeofthechallengesthatariseduringthisstageofdevelopment.”

Onthecontrary,acrossthewhole10,000-personsurvey,researchersfoundnodecreaseinthesenseofhappinessamongolderparticipantsandthesefindingsfitwellwithotherresearches,showingthatolderadultstendtohavemorepositiveemotions.

Now,theteamisworkingtowardanewstudythatexamineshowemotionalsensitivityisrelatedtodifferentaspectsofmentalhealth,suchasanxietyanddepression.

8．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?

A．Olderpeoplearemoreallergictosocialcues.

B．TheresearchersgaineddatafromtheInternet.

C．Olderpeoplearelesslikelytoidentifyhappinessintheresearch.

D．Adolescents’sensitivitytonegativesocialcuesdoesharmtotheirdevelopment.

9．Howwastheresearchcarriedout?

A．Byassumingandanalyzing.

B．Byquestioningandtracing.

C．Byreasoningandconcluding.

D．Bysurveyingandcollectingstatistics.

10．Whatsectionofanewspaperisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?

A．Technology.B．Investigations.

C．Education.D．Lifestyle.

11．Whatistheteamplanningtofindoutnext?

A．Therelationshipbetweenemotionsandexperiences.

B．Theemotionaldifferencesbetweentheyoungandtheold.

C．Theconnectionbetweensensitivityofemotionsandmentalhealth.

D．Thedifferentresponsestosocialcuesbetweentheyoungandtheold.

Thismaysoundlikeajokeaboutalazyperson’sdreamjob:

EarnbigmoneybystayinginbedandwatchingTV.Butthisisreallyhappening,andit’saprojectofNASA,whichiscalledArtificialGravityBedRestStudy.

Scientistsareseeking12womentospendtwofullmonthsinbedinthefallataGermanlab,plusanadditionalmonththereforpreparationandrecovery.Thefirstgroupof12testsubjects,allmen,alreadyhavestartedthestudy.Eachparticipantwillreceivearewardofabout$18,500.

Theresearchersarestudyinghowthebodyadaptstoweightlessnessinspace,whichwillhelpastronautsinfuturemissions.Apparentlybeinginbedforalongtimeissimilarenoughtobeingingravity-lessspace.

Studysubjectswillspendthe60dayswiththeirheadstilted（倾斜）downsixdegrees,muchlikeconditionsinspace.Withoutgravitysendingbloodtothelegs,astronauts’headsarefilledwithfluids,resultingin“puffy-head,bird-legs”syndrome,accordingtotheNASAwebsite.Researcherswillstudyhowtheshiftsinfluidaffectparticipants’bodies,aswellaspossibleboneandmuscleloss.

ParticipantsareencouragedtopassthetimebywatchingTV,readingordoinganyotheractivitieswhilelyingdownaloneinbedtoovercometheextremeboredom.

Participantsalsoneedtobenonsmokersbetweenages24and55,ingoodhealth,withnormalbodyweight.Duringthestudy,theywillspend30minutesadayinwhatiscalleda“short-armhumancentrifuge（离心机）”,whichproducesartificialgravityanddistributesfluidsfromtheheadbackintothebody.

Ifinterestedintheproject,youcan applyandclickhere.

12．WhatdoweknowabouttheprojectofNASA?

A．Itwillcost$18,500inall.

B．ItiscarriedoutinAmerica.

C．Itisnowseeking12mentestsubjects.

D．Ittakessubjectsthreemonthstobeintheproject.

13．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTURE?

A．Alltheparticipantswillbetestedinspace.

B．Theresearchisoflittleusetoastronautsinfuturemissions.

C．Participantsbeingtestedarerequiredtobefullyconcentrated.

D．Shiftsinfluidtogetherwithboneandmusclelosswillbestudied.

14．Whoisthemostlikelytobeacceptedasaparticipantintheproject?

A．Kate,ateacher,obese.

B．Jack,ateenager,healthy.

C．Mary,inherthirties,athletic.

D．Tom,aheavysmoker,knowledgeable.

15．Whatisthepassageintendedtodo?

A．Tostudy“puffy-head,bird-legs”syndrome.

B．TointroduceaprojectofNASAtoreaders.

C．Topersuadewomentoparticipateintheproject.

D．Toinformreadersoftheprinciplesofcentrifuge.

二、七选五

EleanorRoosevelt,oneofthemostsuccessf