动词的语态.ppt
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动词的语态.ppt
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动词语态动词的的语态语态有两种:
主有两种:
主动语态和被和被动语态。
主主语是是动作的作的发出者出者为主主动语态;Thecatcaughtthemouse.主主语是是动作的接受者作的接受者为被被动语态。
Themousewascaughtbythemouse被动语态构成形式:
用于十种时态。
被动语态构成形式:
用于十种时态。
.被动语态的用法被动语态的用法:
1、当不知道或不必知道动作的执行者时,例:
、当不知道或不必知道动作的执行者时,例:
2、当强调动作的承受者时,例:
、当强调动作的承受者时,例:
3、下列动词附带状语修饰时,用主动形式表达、下列动词附带状语修饰时,用主动形式表达被动含义:
被动含义:
sell,read,wash,burn,clean,run,ride等,等,例:
例:
Suchfilmsareproducedforchildren.Theschoolisrunbythetradeunion.Thetelegramreadsasfollow.4、当、当begin,end,stop,open,close,shut,operate等等动词表示动词表示“开始,结束,关,停,转,启动开始,结束,关,停,转,启动”等意义时,主动形式表达被动含义。
例:
等意义时,主动形式表达被动含义。
例:
Thelibraryclosesatsixp.m.5、当、当breakout,takeplace,shutoff,turnoff,workout等词组表示等词组表示“发生,关闭,制订发生,关闭,制订”等意义时,主动形式表达被动含义,例:
等意义时,主动形式表达被动含义,例:
Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.6、当、当print,build,burn,show等词用于进行时等词用于进行时态时,其主动形式表示被动含义,例:
态时,其主动形式表示被动含义,例:
7、seat,lose,charge,engage,drink,dress等词常等词常用被动形式表示主动含义,例:
用被动形式表示主动含义,例:
Thefilmisshowingintown.Thegirlwaslostinthewoods.=Thegirlloseherselfinthewoods.Thesingerwasdressedinwhiteshortskirt.=Thesingerdressedherselfinawhiteshortskirt.典型考题典型考题1)Yourhairwants_.Youdbetterhaveitdonetomorrow.A.CutB.tocutC.cuttingD.beingcutC.英语中英语中sth.Wants/needs+doing结构结构表示被动含义。
表示被动含义。
2)Thefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,_andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedB.C.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendevelopedTheteacheraskedthestudentstothinkbythemselves.Ihaveseenachimpuseastickasatooltoeattermites.Hetoldmewhentheaccidenthappened.Theyshouldcriticizemeforthat.Weoftenrefertothosebooks.Thenursetakesgoodcareofthechildren.1.若若宾语补足足语是不是不带to的不定式,的不定式,变为被被动语态时,该不定式前要加不定式前要加to。
此此类动词为感官感官动词。
feel,hear,help,listento,lookat,make,observe,see,notice,watchTheteachermademegooutoftheclassroom.-Iwasmadetogooutoftheclassroom(bytheteacher).Wesawhimplayfootballontheplayground.-Hewasseentoplayfootballontheplayground.2.情情态动词+be+过去分去分词,构成被,构成被动语态Coalcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityforagricultureandindustry.3.表示表示据据说或或相信相信的的词组believe,consider,declare,expect,feel,report,say,see,suppose,think,understandItissaidthat据据说Itisreportedthat据据报道道Itisbelievedthat大家相信大家相信Itishopedthat大家希望大家希望Itiswellknownthat众所周知众所周知.Itisthoughtthat大家大家认为Itissuggestedthat据建据建议Itistakengrantedthat被被视为当然当然Ithasbeendecidedthat大家决定大家决定Itmustberememberthat务必必记住的是住的是ItissaidthatshewillleaveforWuhanonTuesday4.besupposedto1.besaidto据说据说Heissupposedtohavestolen$1,000.2.计划,安排计划,安排Thetrainwassupposedtoarriveat11:
30,butitwas40minuteslate.3.benotsupposedto表示不允许等表示不允许等Yourenotsupposedtoparkhere.5.动词动词get代替代替beTherewasafightatthepub,butfortunatelynobodygothurt.Didanyofthesehousesgetdamagedinthestormlastnight6.含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动结构含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动结构,变为被动结构时变为被动结构时,可以将其中一个宾语可以将其中一个宾语变为主语变为主语,另一个保留不动另一个保留不动.一般变间接一般变间接宾语宾语.Mymothergavemeapen.Iwasgivenapenbymymother.Apenwasgiventomebymymother.7.含有复合宾语的主动结构含有复合宾语的主动结构,变为被动变为被动结构时结构时,可将宾语变为主语可将宾语变为主语,宾语补足语宾语补足语保留不动保留不动.TheycallherLittleLi.SheiscalledLittleLi.Hetoldmetowaitforyou.Iwastoldtowaitforyou.8.短语动词的被动语态短语动词的被动语态短语动词是一个不可分割的词组短语动词是一个不可分割的词组,不可不可丢掉末尾的介词或副词丢掉末尾的介词或副词.Theytookgoodcareofthechildren.Thechildrenweretakengoodcareof.1)Itissaidthatanewrobot_byhiminafewdays.A)designedB)hasbeendesignedC)willbedesignedD)willhavebeendesigned2)Wearelate.Iexpectthefilm_bythetimewegettothecinema.A)willalreadyhavestartedB)wouldalreadyhavestartedC)shallhavealreadystartedD)hasalreadybeenstartedCA3)Shewillstopshowingoffifnonotice_ofher.A)istakenB)takesC)willbetakenD)hastaken4)Diamond_inBrazilin1971.A)isfoundB)hasbeenfoundC)wasfoundD)hadbeenfoundAC5)“Haveyoumovedintothenewflat?
”“Notyet.Theroom_.”A)hasbeenpaintedB)ispaintedC)paintsD)isbeingpainted6)Mypictures_untilnextFriday.A)wontdevelopB)arentdevelopedC)dontdevelopD)wontbedevelopedDD7)Tim_sincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago.A)hadbeenunemployedB)wasunemployedC)hasbeenunemployedD)hasunemployed8)Agreatnumberofcollegesanduniversities_since1949.A)hasbeenestablishB)havebeenestablishedC)haveestablishedD)hadbeenestablishedCB9)Illhavetopushthecartothesideoftheroadbecausewe_ifweleaveithere.A)wouldbefinedB)willbefinedC)willbeingfinedD)willhavebeenfined10)“_twoticketsforthenewplayattheGrandTheatreonSaturday.Shallwegoandseeittogether?
”A)TheyhavebeengivenB)IhavebeengivenC)IamgivenD)TheyhavegiventomeBB11)Thesubjectoftheselectures_bythelecturecommittee.A)isannouncedB)havebeenannouncedC)areannouncedD)hasbeenannounced12)Ifoundanaspirinbottle_droppedonthefloorofDavidsroom.A)wasB)hadC)hadbeenD)isDC13)Thegoods_whenwearrivedattheairport.A)werejustunloadingB)werejustbeenunloadingC)hadjustun
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