杭州第二中学滨江校区高三英语第二次联考试题及答案解析.docx

杭州第二中学滨江校区高三英语第二次联考试题及答案解析.docx

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杭州第二中学滨江校区高三英语第二次联考试题及答案解析

2020年杭州第二中学滨江校区高三英语第二次联考试题及答案解析

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

InformationonschoolvisitstoKewGardens

Enjoyyourselvesinawonderlandofsciencewithover50,000livingplantsandavarietyofeducationaleventsoramusingactivities.HereisessentialinformationaboutplanningaschoolvisittoKew.

Educationalcourseprices

Youcanplanaself-ledvisitorbookoneofoureducationalcourses.Studentswilltakepartintheeducationalcoursesingroupsof15.Pricesvaryaccordingtodifferentsituations.

EYFS（EarlyYearsFoundationStage）toKeyStage4:

45-minutecourse:

35/group90-minutecourse:

70/group

KeyStage5:

Halfday（onecourse）:

80/groupFullday（twocourses）:

160/group

Teachersandadults:

Uptorequiredkeystageproportions（比例）:

Free

Adultsneededfor1:

1specialeducationalneedssupport:

Free

Adultsabovetherequiredproportions:

11/person

Thepaymentwillduewithin28calendardaysofmakingthebooking.

Healthandsafety

Requiredsupervising（监护）adult-studentproportions:

KeyStage1:

1:

5KeyStage2:

1:

8

Keystage3:

1:

10KeyStage4:

1:

12

KeyStage5:

1:

12

Thegroupsizesshouldbecontrolledifyouarevisitingpotentiallybusyareassuchastheglasshouseandotherattractions.Themaximumnumberofstudentsvisitingtheglasshousesis15pergroupandeachgrouptoKewshopsshouldincludenomorethan10students.

Ifthereisanemergency,pleasecontactthenearestKewstaffmemberorcallConstabularyon0208323333fordirectandquicksupport.Pleasedonotcall999.

Planningyourvisit

Yourticketsandtwoplanningpasseswillbesenttoyouuponreceiptofyourpayment.Youcancompleteyourriskassessmentwiththepasses,ensureyoubringyourticketsandthereceiptdocumentandshowthemtothestaffmembersatthegateonthedayofyourvisit.

Recommendedtimings

TheKewGardensopensat10am.Youarerecommendedtospendatleastthreetofivehoursonyourvisit.Theclosingtimevariesthroughouttheyear.Buttheearliestis3:

30pm.Wehaveafixedscheduleforeducationalcourses,whichisfrom10:

30amto2:

20pm.

1.Howmuchshouldagroupof15KeyStageIstudentsand4teacherspayfora45-minutecourse?

A.35B.46C.57D.81

2.Whatshouldonedoinanemergency?

A.Checktheriskassessment.

B.Call999immediately.

C.Askadultsorteachersforhelp.

D.Seekhelpfromthestaffmembernearby.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.TointroduceKewGardens.

B.TogivetipsonvisitingKewGardens.

C.ToattractpotentialvisitorstoKewGardens.

D.ToinformcomingactivitiesinKewGardens.

B

Paperisoneofouroldest,simplestandmostimportantinventions.Butitalsopresentsadangertotheworldintwoimportantways.First,themakingofpaperrequiresthelossofmanymillionsoftreeseachyear.Andworldwideuseofpaperisexpectedtodoubleinthenext40years.Clearly,theplanetcannotstandsuchahighrateofforestloss.Thesecondgreatproblemwithpaperiswhathappensonceitisnolongeruseful.Alargeamountofwastepaperendsupinlandfills,whereitcanproduceharmfulgasesandfinallycontributetoglobalclimatechange.

Onesimplesolutioncangreatlyreducebothoftheseproblems:

paperrecycling.Insteadofcuttingdowntrees,recycleexistingpapertofeedthepaper-makingprocess.

Paperismainlymadefromcellulose（纤维素），whichcanbeusedrepeatedlyinpapermaking.Unfortunately,italsomeansthatpaperwastetakesasurprisinglylongtimetobreakdowninlandfills.Sofar,treesaretheonlysource（来源）ofcellulosethatcanfillthegreatdemandforpaperproducts.Therefore,recyclingpaperissimplyoneofthebestwaystosavetrees.Thankstoadvancesinprocessing,recycledpaperneednotbethedark-color1edstuffmanyofusarefamiliarwith.Itnowcanofferthesameprintperformanceasnon-recycledpaper.

Effectiverecyclingrequiresacontinuouseffortfromeveryoneatalllevelsofsociety.Thewaytobeginiswitheducationandunderstanding.Onceenoughpeoplerealizetheneedforrecycling,moreeffectiverecyclingsystemscanbedeveloped.

Theneedisreal.Themassivelossoftreesaffectseverybodyonearth.Everyoneshoulddotheirparttorecyclepaperandencouragegovernmentandindustrytodothesame.Theworldwillbeabetterplaceforit!

4.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Theuseofrecycledpaperwilldoublein40years.

B.Recyclingpaperhelpsrelieveglobalclimatechange.

C.Wastepapercaneasilybreakdowninlandfills.

D.Therearenotenoughlandfillsforwastepaper.

5.Whatmakesrecycledpapermoreacceptable?

A.Thegreatdemandoftrees.B.Thelowprocessingcost.

C.Itsdark-color1edfeature.D.Itsimprovedprintperformance.

6.Whatdoestheauthorpropose?

A.Punishingtheactofcuttingtrees.B.Recyclingpaper.

C.Improvingrecyclingsystem.D.Promotingpaperindustry.

7.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?

A.Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.B.Byofferingresearchplansanddata.

C.Bydiscussingproblemsandsolutions.D.Bycomparingstrengthsandweaknesses.

C

Withtheirtinybrainsandexcellentabilitytomemorizenectarlocations,honeybeesareafavoritemodelorganismforstudyinglearningandmemory.Suchresearchhasindicatedthattoformlong-termmemories—onesthatlastadayormore—theinsectsneedtorepeatatrainingexperienceatleastthreetimes.Bycontrast,short-andmid-termmemoriesthatlastsecondstominutesandminutestohours,respectively,needonlyasinglelearningexperience.

Exceptionstothisrulehavebeenobserved,however.Forexample,insomestudies,beesformedlong-lastingmemoriesafterasinglelearningevent.Suchresultsareoftenregardedascircumstantialanomalies,saysMartinGiurfaoftheUniversityofToulouse.Buttheanomalousfindings,togetherwithresearchshowingthatfruitfliesandantscanformlong-termmemoriesaftersingleexperiences,arousedGiurfa’scuriosity.Wasitpossiblethathoneybeescouldreliablydothesame?

Giurfareasonedthattheabilitytoformlong-termmemoriesmightdependontheparticulartypeofbeeandtheexperience.Withinahoneybeecolony,therearenurses,whocleanthehiveandfeedtheyoung;guards,whopatrolandprotectthehive;andforagers,whosearchfornectar.

Whilepreviousstudieshavetestedbeesasawhole,Ciurfaandhiscolleaguesfocusedonforagers,taskingthemwithrememberinganexperiencerelevanttotheirrole:

anodorassociatedwithasugaryreward.

Theresearchersobservedthatasingleexposuretoareward-pairedodorwasenoughformostforagerbeestorememberthatspecificodorthefollowingday.Manyforagerscouldevenremembertheodorthreedaylater.

Theresultsdonotmeanthatallpriorresearchwaswrong,saysAndréFialaoftheUniversityofGöttingen.“Peoplehavedonetheexperimentsinadifferentway.”Still,thenewresultsdoshowthat“thecommonlyheldbeliefthatoneneedsmultipletrainingtrialstoachievelong-termmemoryisnotalwaystrue,”hesays,andthis“reallyadvancesthefield.”

8.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusthroughParagraph1?

A.Amodelformemoryresearch.B.Theclassificationofmemories.

C.Newresearchonlearningandmemory.D.Previousfindingsonmemoryformation.

9.Whichfactormightinfluenceabee’smemoryofanexperience,accordingtoGiurfa’sresearch?

A.Whetherthebee'sroleisrelated.B.Whetherthebeeisintroducedornative.

C.Howoftenthebeerepeatstheexperience.D.Howlongthebeeisexposedtothereward.

10.WhatisAndreFiala’sattitudetowardsthenewresults?

A.Doubtful.B.Favorable.C.Intolerant.D.Unclear.

11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.LearningandMemory:

HowHoneybeesRemember

B.HoneybeeMemory:

HoneybeeKnowsWhattoDo

C.HoneybeesRememberafterJustOneLesson

D.HoneybeesUseMemoryforCommunication

D

Howmuchdoconsumerscareaboutthecarbonfootprintoftheproductstheybuy?

Wouldtheycaremoreifthegoodswerelabeledwithemissions（排放物）data?

Doesitmatteratwhichstageinthelifecycleofaproductthecarbonisemitted?

ResearchpublishedintheInternationalJournalofEnvironmentalPolicyandDecisionMakingoffersawaytofindout．

Studyparticipantsviewacarbonfootprintlabelassimilartolabelsthathaveappearedonsomeexistingproducts．Thelabelshowsthecarbondioxideemissionsconnectedwiththeirproduction,transportation,usageanddisposal（清理）,thusshowingthebuyerthelikelyeffectonclimatechangeofbuyingaparticularproduct．

Inthefirstgroupofstudies,theresearchteamprovedthatcarbonemissionsandacarbonemissionslabelwouldindeedplayaroleinconsumerproductdecisions,althoughnotasgreataroleasprice．Inasecondsetofstudies,theteamfoundthatemissionsconnectedwithusageweremostimportanttoconsumersfollowedbythetransportationanddisposalstages．Thecarbonfootprintoftheproducingprocesswasconsideredlessimportanttoconsumersthantheotherstagesintheproduct'slifecyclebecauseitisoutsidetheconsumer'scontrol．Thatis,theparticipantsfelttheywerelessresponsibleforcarbonemittedduringproducingprocess．Consumersvaluerecyclingaproduct,buttheresearchersfoundthat,overall,theconsumerswouldpreferproducerstooffset（补偿）carbonemissionsratherthanhavingtoaddresstheproblemdirectlythemselves．

Consumersareincreasinglyconcernedwithclimatechangeproblems,andalreadycarbonlabelingisappearingonsomeproducts．"Wefindthatparticipantsnotonlytakethecarbonlabelintoaccountwhenmakingproductdecisions,buttheywantdetailedinformationonthelabel,"theresearchersexplain．Theysuggestthatcompaniesshouldprepareforhowcarbonemi