最新高考英语专题复习阅读理解 6.docx
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最新高考英语专题复习阅读理解 6.docx
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最新高考英语专题复习阅读理解6
最新高考英语专题复习阅读理解
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
DemandfortheChinesetechcompany'sdevices(设备)isredhoteventhoughthecountry'soverallmarketforsmartphonesisgettingsmallerHuawei'sChinasalesrocketedmorethan20%inthefinalquarterof2018,andexpertssaythat'spartlyduetotheUSgovernment'sglobalcampaignagainstthecompany.
“ThelatesttensionbetweentheUSandChinaraisedthepatriotism(爱国主义)inChineseconsumers,saidJusyHong,ananalystatresearchfirmIHSMarkit.
HepointedoutthatsomeChinesecompaniesencouragedemployeestobuyHuaweiphoneslatelastyear.Themoveswereagestureofsupportafterthefirm'schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadainearlyDecemberattherequestoftheUnitedStates.
Huawei'sboomingsalesshowhowmajorpartsofitsbusinesscontinuetoincreaseevenastheUnitedStatestriestopersuadeothercountriestoshutHuaweiproductsoutof5Gwirelessnetworksandpursues(追究)criminalchargesagainstit.ThecompanyexpectstoovertakeSamsungastheworld'sbiggestsmartphonemakerbynextyear.
Huaweisold30millionphonesinChinainthelastthreemonthsof2018,nearlythreetimesasmanyasApple(AAPL),accordingtodatapublishedthisweekbyresearchfirmsCanalysandIDC.Apple'ssalesplungedalmost20%.
Huawei'ssuccessinChina,theworld'slargestsmartphonemarket,ismorethanaboutgeopolitics(地缘政治).Chineseconsumersloveitsflagship,high-end-phonesbecausetheyhavegreatcameras,cuttingedgetechnologyandcostlessthanthelatestiPhones,accordingtoanalysts.Andbyofferingaselectionofcheaperphones,Huaweiisabletotargetabiggermarket.
ItalsobenefitedfromthetroublesthisyearatZTE(ZTCOF),arivalChinesesmartphoneandtelecommunicationsequipmentmaker.ZTEwasbannedbytheUSgovernmentfrombuyingvitalAmericanpartsformonthslastyear.
(1)WhydidHuawei'sChinasalesincreasegreatlyaccordingtothearticle?
A. Becausethecompany'sdevicesarealwayspopularworldwide.
B. BecauseChineseconsumers'patriotismwasaroused.
C. BecausethegovernmentencouragespeopletobuyHuaweidevices.
D. Becausethecountry'soverallmarketforsmartphonesisgettingbigger.
(2)Whatcanweconcludefromthethirdparagraph?
A. Huawei'schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadaduetotheUS'srequest.
B. AllChinesecompaniesshowedtheirsupporttoHuaweiwiththeirpurchase.
C. JusyHongthoughttheUnitedStatesarrestedHuawei'schieffinancialofficer.
D. JusyHongthoughtthearrestofHuawei'schieffinancialofficerisunfair.
(3)Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedwordinthefifthparagraph?
A. increasedgreatlyby.
B. reducedgreatlyto.
C. droppedgreatlyby.
D. remainedsteady.
(4)WhyisHuawei'ssuccessinChinamorethanaboutgeopolitics?
A. BecauseHuaweihasthelargestsmartphonemarketintheworld.
B. BecauseHuawei'ssuccessisonlylimitedwithinChinamainland.
C. BecauseHuaweihastheabilitytotargetabiggermarketintheworld.
D. BecauseChineseconsumersarequitesatisfiedwithHuaweismartphones.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)A
(3)C
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了华为公司在手机市场日益缩小的中国仍然火爆的原因。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的"ThelatesttensionbetweentheUSandChinaraisedthepatriotism(爱国主义)inChineseconsumers,"可知中国消费者的爱国主义被唤起,华为在中国的销售量大增。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Themoveswereagestureofsupportafterthefirm'schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadainearlyDecemberattherequestoftheUnitedStates.”可知华为的首席财务官因美国的要求在加拿大被捕。
故选A。
(3)考查词义猜测。
根据上文可知华为手机销量大增而苹果手机销量大跌,故推测此处“plunged”意为销量下降。
故选C。
(4)考查细节理解。
根据倒数第二段中的“Chineseconsumersloveitsflagship,high-endphonesbecausetheyhavegreatcameras,cuttingedgetechnologyandcostlessthanthelatestiPhones,accordingtoanalysts.”可知中国消费者对华为的智能手机很满意。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行推理,归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Manypeoplehavelongdreamedofbeingabletoflyaroundassimplyasridingabicycle.Yetthesafetyandstrengthofaflyingbikewasalwaysabigproblem.Overthepast10years,developmentsintechnologyhavemovedthedreamofpersonalflyingvehiclesclosertoreality.Now,twogroupsofinventorssaysuchvehiclesmaybeavailablesoon.
TheBritishcompanyMalloyAeronauticshasdevelopedaprototype(原型)ofitsflyingbicycle.GrantStapleton,marketingsalesdirectorofMalloyAeronautics,saystheHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly."Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked,"headds.
Mr.Stapletonsayssafetywasthecompany'smainconcern.Hesaysthedesignerssolvedthesafetyissuebyusingoverlappingrotorstopowerthevehicle.
Thecompanyistestingafull-sizeprototypeoftheHoverbike,whichwillmostlikelybeusedfirstbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams.
InNewZealand,MartinAircraftCompanyisalsotestingafull-sizeprototypeofitspersonalflyingdevice,calledtheJetpack.Itcanflyformorethan30minutes,upto1,000metershighandreachaspeedof74kilometersperhour.
PeterCokeristheCEOofMartinAircraftCompany.HesaidtheJetpack"isbuiltaroundsafetyfromthestart".Inhiswords,"Reliabilityisthemostimportantelementofit.Wehavesafetybuiltintotheactualstructureitself,verysimilartoaFormulaOneracingcar.
TheJetpackusesagasoline-poweredenginethatproducestwopowerfuljetstreams.Mr.Cokersaysitalsohasaparachutethatwouldbeused,ifthereshouldbeanemergency."Itstartstoworkatverylowaltitudeandactuallysavesboththeaircraftandthepilot,"headds.Mr.CokersaystheJetpackwillbereadyforsalesoon.
(1)WecanlearnfromthepassagethattheHoverbike________.
A. canhardlygetinandoutofsmallspacesquickly
B. canflyforover30minutes,upto1,000metershigh
C. hasbeenusedbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams
D. canbetransportedquicklyafterbeingfoldedandpacked
(2)PeterCokerusestheexampleofFormulaOneracingcartoshowthat________.
A. theJetpackisverysafeandreliable
B. theengineoftheJetpackispowerful
C. theactualstructureoftheJetpackisunique
D. theJetpackcanreachagreatspeedandheight
(3)Theunderlinedword"It"inthelastparagraphrefersto________.
A. thejetstream
B. theengine
C. theJetpack
D. theparachute
(4)Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?
A. Todescribetheproblemsofinventingflyingvehicles.
B. Tointroducethelatestdevelopmentofflyingvehicles.
C. Toshowthedifferencesbetweentwoflyingvehicles.
D. Toadvertisethetwopersonalflyingvehicles.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(3)D
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实,然而安全性和强度一直是个大问题,文中介绍了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品,新产品把安全放在首位,并对产品进行了改进。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“theHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly.Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked.”可知,Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。
它可快速地在大陆上移动,因为它可以折叠和包装。
可知,选D。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第六段PeterCoker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的,安全可靠性是最重要的因素。
我们在车的现行结构中植入了安全性,非常类似于FormulaOne赛车。
,故选A。
(3)考查词义猜测。
根据最后一段中的“Mr.Cokersaysitalsohasaparachute(降落伞)thatcanbeusedshouldtherebeanemergency."Itstartstoworkatverylowaltitude….,”Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞,可以在紧急情况下使用。
“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。
可知,Jetpack上的降落伞(它)是在海拔低时才用。
由此可知it指的是parachute(降落伞)。
故选D。
(4)考查主旨大意。
根据第一段可知,许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样简单的飞来飞去,科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。
然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。
接着下面叙述了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品,新产品把安全放在首位。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Plasticsludge(污泥)andgarbageisadisasterfortheworld'soceans.Afilmcrewtraveledtheglobetodocumenttherubbish.AndJulieAndersenofthePlasticOceansFoundationsayswhatweseeisjustthetipoftheproblem.“Halfofthewasteactuallysinkstothebottom,andthatremainsonthesurfaceactuallybreaksdown.”
Thefilmmakersfoundrubbishinoceangyres,thecirculatingcurrentsthattraplargeconcentrationsofpollutionintheAtlantic,Indian,andPacifcOceans,homeofwhatsomehaveplastic.Whatwefoundwasaplasticsmogthatspreadthroughoutallthewater.Andinsomepartsoftheoceans,scientistshavefoundmoreplasticthanplant.”
Thepiecesoftheplasticgarbageinfectthefoodchain,sometimesvisibly,andmoresoatthemicroscopiclevel,wheretheplasticparticlesinteractwithotherpollutants.“Thereareheavymetals,medicines,industrialwasteinthesea,whileitactslikemagnets(磁铁).Thesepoisonoussubstancesabsorbontheplastic,andthenwhenseafoodabsorbstheplastics,thosepoisonoussubstancesenterthefattytissues.”Tobeconsumedbyothersealifeandbypeopleatlast.
China,Indonesia,thePhilippines,ThailandandVietnamaretheworstplasticpolluters.TheUnitedStates,althoughaleaderinrecycling,isoneoftheworld's20sinceitproducesandconsumessomuchplastic.Thereareeffortsaroundtheworldtoaddresstheproblem,includingatthisnewlyopenedrecyclingcenterinLebanon(黎巴嫩).ButAndersensaysthereismorethatpeoplecando.“Cutbackonsingle-useplastics,straws,plasticcups,plasticwaterbottles,plasticbagsandfindalternativeslikereusablematerials.”Shesayshealthyoceansareessentialtooursurvival.
(1)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A. There'sallislandfullofplasticrubbishinthePacific.
B. Thebadeffectofplasticpollutioncan'tbeseenbyeyes.
C. TheUnitedStatesistheleastplasticpolluters.
D. Theplasticpollutiontooceansismoreseriousthanwhatwecansee.
(2)Whatdoestheu
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