Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs in dissolved phase and particulate phase of seawater.docx
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs in dissolved phase and particulate phase of seawater.docx
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PolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonsPAHsindissolvedphaseandparticulatephaseofseawater
evenwithsignificantchangesinclimateconditionsthatalterthemaizecrop’sgrowingenvironmentandaffectcropyields,adecreaseinmaizesupplyduetoadecreaseinmaizeyieldswouldleadtoanincreaseinthemaizeprice,whichinturnwouldinducefarmerstoaddmoreinvestmentsinproductioninputstoraiseyields.Thus,thedecreaseinactualyieldsmaynotbeasdramaticaspredictedinonlyclimatefactorconsideredcases.Inthisresearch,findingsgainedfromthestudycanbeusedforearly-stagedpolicymakingdecisionsandadvancedproblempreventionprograms.Toensurethecontinuousincreaseinmaizeyieldsinthefuture,furtherstudiesandresearch,aswellasefficientenvironmentalpoliciesandactionsarerequired.
ArticleOutline
1.Introduction
2.Empiricalmodel
3.Estimatedresults
4.Simulation
5.Conclusion
References
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Researchhighlights
►Profitabilityofmaizeandtechnologicaladaptationhavesignificantmaizeyieldimpacts.►ClimatechangeimpactsmaybesubstantiallydifferentforChinaandtheUnitedStates.►USmaizeyieldsenhanced(hurt)bydecreases(increases)inprecipitation.►Chinamaizeyieldsenhanced(hurt)byincreases(decreases)inprecipitation.►Technologicaladaptationhasmajorimpactonmitigationofnegativeeffects.
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Post-traumaticstressdisorderamongChinesewomensurvivorsofintimatepartnerviolence:
Areviewoftheliterature ReviewArticle
InternationalJournalofNursingStudies,Volume47,Issue7,July2010,Pages918-925
C.H.Chan,A.Tiwari,D.Y.T.Fong,P.C.Ho
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AbstractAbstract|Figures/TablesFigures/Tables|ReferencesReferences
Abstract
Background
Post-traumaticstressdisorderisoneofthemostprevalentmentalhealthsequelaeofintimatepartnerviolence,andasaresult,ithasbeenextensivelydocumentedinWesternliterature.However,whetherabusedwomenfromnon-Westernculturesexperiencesimilarpost-traumaticresponsestointimatepartnerviolenceislessdocumented.
Objectives
Theobjectivesofthispaperwere
(1)toreviewtheliteratureforinformationaboutpost-traumaticstressdisorderamongChinesewomensurvivorsofintimatepartnerviolence;
(2)toprovideasynthesisoftheliteratureonpost-traumaticstressdisorderamongabusedChinesewomen;and(3)toidentifyimplicationsforpracticeandtosuggestdirectionsforresearchrelatingtopost-traumaticstressdisorderamongabusedChinesewomen.
Design
Asystematicreviewoftheliterature.
DataSources
FollowingasystematicsearchforrelevantliteratureincomputerizeddatabasesandmanualsearchesofEnglishandChineselanguagepublications,fivepapersreportingonfourstudiesconductedinChina,Taiwan,Malaysia,andtheUnitedStateswereincludedinthereview.
ReviewMethods
Abstractsmeetingtheinclusioncriteriawerereviewedindependentlybytwooftheauthorsandanydiscrepancieswereresolvedbydiscussion.Fullpapersforselectedabstractswerethenretrievedandassessedindependentlybythesamereviewers.
Results
Thepresentliteraturereviewrevealedapaucityofinformationrelatingtopost-traumaticstressdisordersymptomsordiagnosesinabusedChinesewomen.Nevertheless,alinkbetweenpost-traumaticstressdisorderandintimatepartnerviolencewasdemonstratedbythereviewedpapers.
Conclusions
Cautionshouldbeexercisedwhenmakingcomparisonofthefindingsacrossthefourstudiesbecauseoftheinherentmethodologicaldifferences.Also,astheassessmenttoolshavenotbeenvalidatedforculture-boundinterpretationoftraumaandsymptommanifestation,comparisonsoffindingsforChinesewomentowomeninWesternliteratureshouldbeundertakenwithdueconsideration.Implicationsforpracticeandrecommendationsforfutureresearcharediscussed.
ArticleOutline
1.Introduction
2.Thereview
2.1.Objectives
2.2.Methods
2.2.1.Thesearchprocess
2.2.2.Inclusioncriteria
2.2.3.Selectionofstudies
3.Results
3.1.Post-traumaticresponsestodomesticviolenceinTaiwan([Houetal.,2003]and[Houetal.,2005])
3.2.PTSDamongfemaleprisonersinChina(Huangetal.,2006)
3.3.Cross-culturalassessmentofpost-traumareactionsamongabusedwomen(Phillipsetal.,2006)
3.4.EffectsofsocialsupportandcopingstrategiesonIPVandpsychologicaloutcomesinAsianandCaucasianwomen(Leeetal.,2007)
4.SynthesisoftheevidenceonPTSDamongabusedChinesewomen
4.1.PTSDamongChinesewomensurvivorsofIPV
4.2.AssessmentoftheresponsesofChinesewomentothetraumaofIPV
4.3.InfluenceoftraditionalChinesehealthbeliefsontheexpressionofPTSD
4.4.PTSDandpsychiatriccomorbidityamongabusedChinesewomen
5.Implicationsforpractice
6.SuggestionsforfutureresearchonPTSDamongabusedChinesewomen
7.Conclusion
Conflictofinterest
Acknowledgements
References
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Decisionsupportforon-farmwatermanagementandlong-termagriculturalsustainabilityinasemi-aridregionofIndia OriginalResearchArticle
JournalofHydrology,Volume391,Issues1-2,14September2010,Pages63-76
AjaySingh
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Summary
Thelong-termsuccessofirrigatedagricultureforsustainablecropproductioninIndiadependslargelyonthecarefulmanagementoflandandwaterresources.Currently,someseriousenvironmentalproblemsofwaterloggingandsoilsalinizationareburgeoninginpartsofHaryanaStateofIndia;halfamillionhectareareaoftheStateisalreadywaterlogged.Poorirrigationanddrainagemanagementandinadequateexploitationofsalinegroundwaterarethemainfactorsresponsibleforthisphenomenon.Inordertopreventfurtherdegradationandtomaintainthefoodproductionforthegrowingpopulation,judicioususeofnaturalresourcesisamust.Awiderangeofsolutionscouldbeconsideredtoaddresstheproblems.Buttheeffectivenessofallthesolutionsandtheircombinationscannotbeverifiedwithon-farmexperiments.Simulationmodelsbywayoftheirpredictivecapabilityareoftentheonlyviablemeansofprovidinginputtomanagementdecisions.Thesemodelscanhelptoforecastthelikelyimpactsofaparticularalternativemanagementstrategy.Inthepresentstudyaphysicalbasedone-dimensionalsimulationmodelSWASALTwasemployedtoevaluateon-farmirrigationwatermanagementoptions.Aftersuccessfulcalibrationandvalidationwithfieldexperimentationdata,severalscenariobuildingexerciseshavebeenconductedunderdifferentcrop,soilandrainfallconditions.Thewaterandsaltbalancecomponentobtainedforeachsimulationrunwereusedtoderivewatermanagementresponseindicators.Thesimulationstudyrevealedthatinmostconditions,salinewaterofupto7.5 dS/mcanbeusedsafelyonlongtermbasisforcropproduction.Thesimulationstudyfurtherrevealedthatalternativeuseofcanalandsalinewaterhadanedgeovermixuse.Severalalternativeshavebeensuggestedforsustainableagriculturalproductionintheregion.Thestrategiessuggested,iffollowed,wouldlendsustainabilitytotheagriculturalproductionbesidessubstantialincreaseinproductionandwaterresourcesconservation,byimpedingtheenvironmentalhazardofwaterloggingandsoilsalinization.
ArticleOutline
1.Introduction
2.Briefdescriptionofthemodel
3.Methodology
3.1.Sitedescription
3.2.Irrigationsystemandsoil
3.3.Experimentation,andfieldmeasurements
3.4.Modelcalibrationandvalidation
3.5.Performanceevaluationofmodel
3.6.Evaluationofon-farmirrigationperformance
3.7.Simulationstudies
4.Resultsanddiscussion
4.1.Calibrationandvalidationresultswithstatisticalanalysis
4.2.Assessmentofsalientirrigationmanagementscenarios
4.3.Scenario1:
mustard–milletcroprotationwithaveragerainfallinlightsoil
4.4.Scenario2:
mustard–milletcroprotationduringdryyearsinlightsoil
4.5.Scenario3:
mustard–cottoncroprotationwithaveragerainfallinlightsoil
4.6.Scenario4:
mustard–milletcroprotationwithaveragerainfallinheavysoil
4.7.Scenario5:
mustard–milletcroprotationduringdryyearsinheavysoil
4.8.Managingnaturalresourcesandsocio-economicissues
5.Conclusionsandrecommendations
Acknowledgements
References
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33
WhatdoweknowabouteffectsofdesertdustonairqualityandhumanhealthinWestAfricacomparedtootherregions?
ReviewArticle
ScienceofTheTotalEnvironment,Volume409,Issue1,1December2010,Pages1-8
FlorenceDeLongueville,Yvon-CarmenHountondji,SabineHenry,PierreOzer
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Abstract
Thisstudyaimstocompare,ontheonehand,thegeographicaldistributionofthedesertdustsourceareas,theircontributiontoquantitiesemittedintotheatmosphere,thetrajectoriesandthequantitiesdeposited,withontheotherhandtheareasofresearchinterestfocusedonthedesertdustimpactsonairqualityand/orhumanhealth.BasedonasystematicreviewoftheliteratureusingtheISIWebofKnowledgedatabase,wefound231articlespublishedoverthelastdecadeonthedesertdustimpactsonairquality.Ofthese,48%concernedAsiandustand39%Saharandust,withtheremaining13%dividedbetweentheotherdustsourceareas.However,onlyoneofthesestudiesaddressedtheworseningairpollutioninWestAfrica,even
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