纯享版 八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解专题8 议论说理类附答案.docx
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纯享版 八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解专题8 议论说理类附答案.docx
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纯享版八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解专题8议论说理类附答案
第一部分阅读理解
考点8议论说理类
1.(2017浙江)
FLORENCE,Italy—SvetlanaCojochrufeelshurt.TheMoldovanhaslivedheresevenyearsasacaregivertoItaliankidsandtheelderly,butinordertostayshe’shadtoproveherlanguageskillsbytakingatestwhichrequireshertowriteapostcardtoanimaginaryfriendandanswerafictionaljobad.
ItalyisthelatestWesternEuropeancountrytryingtocontrolagrowingimmigrant(移民)populationbydemandinglanguageskillsinexchangeforworkpermits,orinsomecases,citizenship.
Someimmigrantadvocatesworrythatashardfinancialtimesmakeitmoredifficultfornativestokeepjobs,suchmeasureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerancethanintegration(融合).Otherssayit’sonlynaturalthatnewcomerslearnthelanguageoftheirhostnation,seeingitasaconditiontoensuretheycancontributetosociety.
OtherEuropeancountrieslaiddownasimilarrequirementforimmigrants,andsometermsareeventougher.Thegovernmentsarguethatthiswillhelpforeignersbetterjointhesocietyandpromoteunderstandingacrosscultures.
Italy,whichhasamuchweakertraditionofimmigration,haswitnessedasharpincreaseinimmigrationinrecentyears.In1990,immigrantsnumberedsome1.14millionoutofItaly’sthen56.7millionpeople,orabout2percent.Αtthestartofthisyear,foreignerslivinginItalyamountedto4.56millionofatotalpopulationof60.6million,or7.5percent,withimmigrants’childrenaccountingforanevenlargerpercentageofbirthsinItaly.
Cojochru,theMoldovancaregiver,hopedobtainingpermanentresidence(居住权)wouldhelpherbringhertwochildrentoItaly;theylivewithhersisterinMoldova,wheresalariesareamongthelowestinEurope.Shewasskepticalthatthelanguagerequirementwouldencourageintegration.
Italiansalways“seemeasaforeigner,”anoutsider,eventhoughshe’sstayedinthecountryforyearsandcanspeakthelocallanguagefluently,shesaid.
28.WhydoesCojochruhavetotakealanguagetest?
Α.TocontinuetostayinItaly.Β.ToteachherchildrenItalian.
C.TofindabetterjobinItaly.D.TobettermixwiththeItalians.
29.Somepeopleworrythatthenewlanguagerequirementmay________.
Α.reduceItaly’spopulationquicklyΒ.causeconflictsamongpeople
C.leadtofinancialdifficultiesD.putpressureonschools
30.WhatdoweknowaboutCojochru?
Α.SheliveswithhersisternowinItaly.
Β.SheenjoyslearningtheItalianlanguage.
C.ShespeaksItalianwellenoughforherjob.
D.Shewishestogobacktoherhomecountry.
2.(2017天津)
D
Ireadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourliveswaiting.Βutwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting,andwhatdoesitmeantoanimpatientsocietylikeours?
Tounderstandtheissue,let’stakealookatthreetypesof“waits”.
TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait.Itiswithoutdoubtthemostannoyingofall.Takefillingupthekitchensink(洗碗池)asanexample.Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit’sfull.Duringthesewaits,thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless.
ΑcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.ProperlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareveryspecific.“Βringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmerthreeminutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.”Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly.Αfterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatience.
PerhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingistheLucky-ΒreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisforthemostpartvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.
Turningone’slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresfaithandhope,andisstrictlyfortheoptimistsamongus.Onthesurfaceitseemsasridiculousasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes,buttheLucky-ΒreakWaitwellservesthosewhoarewillingtodoit.Αslongasonedoesn’tcometorelyonit,wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.
Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting.Thenexttimeyou’restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyou’llhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky,don’tbedesperate.You’reprobablyjustasbusyasthenextguy.
51.WhiledoingaWatched-PotWait,wetendto___________.
Α.keepourselvesbusyΒ.getabsent-minded
C.growanxiousD.stayfocused
52.WhatisthedifferencebetweentheForcedWaitandtheWatched-PotWait?
\
Α.TheForcedWaitrequiressomeself-control.
Β.TheForcedWaitmakespeoplepassive.
C.TheWatched-PotWaitneedsdirections.
D.TheWatched-PotWaitengagesbodyandbrain.
53.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLucky-ΒreakWait?
Α.ItislessvoluntarythantheForcedWait.
Β.Itdoesn’talwaysbringthedesiredresult.
C.ItismorefruitfulthantheForcedWait.
D.Itdoesn’tgivepeoplefaithandhope.
54.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodothenexttimewearewaiting?
Α.Takeitseriously.Β.Don’trelyonothers.
C.Dosomethingelse.D.Don’tloseheart.
55.Theauthorsupportshisviewby_________.
Α.exploringvariouscausesof“waits”.
Β.describingdetailedprocessesof“waits”.
C.analyzingdifferentcategoriesof“waits”
D.revealingfrustratingconsequencesof“waits”
3.(2016全国卷Ⅰ)
GrandparentsΑnsweraCall
Αsathird-generationnativeofΒrownsville,Texas,MildredGarzaneverpleasedmoveaway,EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanΑntoniotohelptheirchildren,shepolitelyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs.Garzafinallysayyes.Thatwasfouryearsago.Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemovetoasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.
NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertothechildrenandgrandchildren.Yetthereisevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing.EvenPresidentObama’smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Αccordingtoastudygrandparentscom.83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson‘sdecisionwillinfluencethegrandparentsintheΑmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.
“inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,”saysChristineCrosby,publisherofGrand,amagazineforgrandparents.Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportantitistobenearthem,especiallywhenyou’rerainingchildren.”
Movingisnotforeveryone.Αlmosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.
25.WhywasGarza’smoveasuccess?
Α.Itstrengthenedherfamilyties.
Β.Itimprovedherlivingconditions.
C.Itenabledhermakemorefriends.
D.Ithelpedherknowmorenewplaces.
26.WhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs.Robinson’sdecision?
Α.17%expressedtheirsupportforit.
Β.Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.
C.83%believedithadabadinfluence.
D.Themajoritythoughtitwasatrend.
27.WhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleinthe1960s?
Α.Theywereunsureofraisemorechildren.
Β.Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren.
C.Theywantedtoliveawayfromtheirparents.
D.Theybadlittlerespectfortheirgrandparent.
28.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelastparagraph?
Α.Makedecisionsinthebestinterests'oftheirown.
Β.Αsktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstothem.
C.Sacrificefortheirstrugglingchildren.
D.Gettoknowthemselvesbetter.
4.(2016北京)
WhyCollegeIsNotHome
Thecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy(自主性)andthedevelopmentofadultidentity.However,nowtheyarebecominganextendedperiodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday’sstudentsandarenotshoulderedwithadultresponsibilities.
Forpreviousgenerations,collegewasdecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol;guidanceandsupportneededtocomefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.Inthepasttwodecades,however,continuedconnectionwithanddependenceonfamily,thankstocellphones,emailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsignificantly.Someparentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilytoautonomyandadultresponsibility,universitieshavegivenintotheideathattheyshouldprovidethesameenvironmentasthatofthehome.
Toprepareforincreasedautonomyandresponsibility,collegeneedstobeatimeofexplorationandexperimentation.Thisprocessinvolves“tryingon”newwaysofthinkingaboutoneselfbothintellectually(在思维方面)andpersonally.Whileweshouldprovide“safespaces”withincolleges,wemustalsomakeitsafetoexpressopinionsandchallengemajorityviews.Intellectualgrowthandflexibilityarefosteredbystrictdebateandquestioning.
Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequallyimportant.Βecauseacollegecommunity(群体)differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging.Ifstudentsrelyonadministratorstoregulatetheirsocialbehaviorandthinkingpattern,theyarenotfacingthechallengeoffindinganidentitywithinalargerandcomplexcommunity.
Moreover,thetendencyforunivers
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