高中英语真题第五讲 介词.docx
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高中英语真题第五讲 介词.docx
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高中英语真题第五讲介词
第五讲 介 词
一、高考中高频介词
in,on,at,between,among,for,after,before,through,across,with,without,about,since,from,as,like,into,besides,except,by throughout,from behind,because of,according to, in spite of,in addition to...
二、介词考点透析
1.介词
介词是用于名词词组或相当于名词词组结构表示词语间语义关系的词类。
就其构成来说,可分为:
简单介词(about),复合介词(within),双重介词(by means of),分词介词(including)。
2.after,in的用法
after,in都可与终止性动词连用,用于将来时态。
但after后接时间点,in后接时间段。
如:
(1)Come and see me in two or three days' time.
两三天后来看看我。
(2)I'm busy now.I will go to see you after seven tonight.
我现在正忙着,今晚七点后我再来看你。
3.besides,except,but,but for,except for的用法
(1)Your composition is good except_for some spelling mistakes.(except for 除去……,指整体中除去部分)
你的作文写得很好,就是有几处拼写错误。
(2)The window is never opened except in summer.(except除去……)
除了夏天,这个窗户从未开过。
(3)But_for your help,I couldn't have passed the examination.(but for要不是,表虚拟条件)
要不是你的帮助,我就不能通过考试。
(4)I have few friends but you.(but除……外,没有……)
除了你,我没什么朋友。
(5)I have quite a few friends besides you.(besides除……外,还有……)
除了你,我还有几个朋友。
4.as,with的用法
as,with都有“随着……”之意。
as为连词,后接从句;with为介词,后接名词或名词短语。
如:
(1)As the day went on,the weather got worse.
随着白天过去,天气变得更糟了。
(2)With the production up by 60%,the company had another excellent year.
随着产量上升了60%,公司又收获了一个好年景。
5.as,like的用法
as指身份、资格, 意为“作为”,like用于说明相似关系,即两者在形态或特性上有相似之处,但并不等同。
如:
(1)Like most students,she was always prepared and never came to class late.
像许多学生一样,她总是做好预习,上学从不迟到。
(2)As the chief engineer,you should answer for this terrible accident.
作为总工程师,你应该为这次事故负责。
6.but/except/besides/in与that引导的宾语从句
一般介词后不能跟that引导的宾语从句,只有在but,except,besides,in后才偶然见到that引导的宾语从句(in that...意为“在……方面”、“既然……”)。
如:
(1)He is a good student except that he is sometimes late for school.
他是个好学生,只不过有时会迟到。
(2)We ask nothing from you but that you should try to be a useful man to the society.
我们对你无所求,只是你应该努力做个对社会有用的人。
(3)He differs from his brother in that he looks farther ahead in his work.
他与他哥不同的是他在工作中看得更远些。
7.with的用法
(1)Would you like to go to the cinema with me?
(和……一起)
你愿意和我一起去看电影吗?
(2)Temperature varies with the time of the year.(随着)
一年中时间不同,气温也不同。
(3)A waiter arrived with a cup of tea.(携带,带来,带走)
服务员带来一杯茶。
(4)She was trembling with fear.(指原因或理由)
她怕得发抖。
(5)with+宾语+宾语补足语
如:
①With time passing,they have become more experienced.
随着时间的流逝,他们变得更有经验了。
②She lay in the chair with her eyes closed.
她双眼紧闭,躺在椅子上。
③With all the problems solved,we could have a good rest.
所有的问题都解决了,我们可以好好休息一下了。
8.without的用法
without表示“如果没有”,常隐含虚拟条件。
句中如有without,需特别注意句中的动词形式。
此外还需注意without的词汇意义,不要误用。
如:
I wouldn't have entered this famous university without your help.Thank you very much.
没有你的帮助,我不能考入这所名牌大学。
非常感谢!
9.常考的固定搭配
at
daybreak/dawn/sunrise/noon/dark/night/work/table/most/least/present/a great speed/
a distance/the cost of/a price of/the mercy of/a loss
against
the law/the current/disease/the wall/the window
by
air/bike /boat /bus /car /letter /post /plane /telephone /train /land /sea /nature/accident/chance/mistake/comparison/control/description
for
example/good/nothing/convenience/short/fear/sale
in
surprise/wonder/alarm/terror/horror/delight/fact/reality/nature/return/tears/rags/ruins/practice/short/brief/sum/general/public/particular/case/advance/detail/pain/despair/person/a hurry/a flash/the past/
modern times/ancient times/all aspects/charge of/
memory of/search of/need of/case of/honor of
of
value/importance/use/no use/significance/
help/benefit
on
duty/holiday/leave/business/purpose/time/sales/show/fire/request/record/strike/schedule/a visit to/the board/the decline/a large scale/one's own/second thought
out of
breath/control/question/sight/pity/season/fashion/date/friendship/love/mercy/order/work /curiosity
to
one's joy/surprise/pleasure/astonishment/sorrow/delight/regret/disappointment/puzzle/credit
under
construction/control/repair/discussion
with
the purpose of/the view of/one's own eyes/relief
♨温馨提示:
对固定搭配中介词的考查是语法填空的常考热点,因此多记固定搭配不仅有助于提高写作水平,而且可提高语法填空的得分率。
Ⅰ.用适当的介词填空。
1.After graduation, I became a citizen working in a city.________the first college graduate out of a remote village, my success set an example to my folks.
2.The brothers successfully received a patent(专利) in 1906________their Flying Machine.
3.Modern airplanes today are very different________the first Flying Machine.
4.It was remarkable how a community lost so much and was still able to recover,and this left the deepest impression________the students.
5. In 1783 he started composing poetry________a traditional style using the Ayrshire dialect of Scots.
6.Boss, only one person is selling watermelon,$ 1.2 per kg, and $ 10________10 kg.
7. When they climbed up the table,there were a large piece of bread,fruit and cheese________it.
8.Now,ninety years later,there are a score of Berry schools in the area,________a total of over one thousand students and a waiting list of about five thousand.
9.He explains why credit card has been charged________the reservation.
10.The man________the front desk said there had been a mistake.
11.The only reason a man would sell salt________a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.
12.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect________the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.
13.The new boy looked at the teacher________a few seconds and all the other students wondered what the boy would do.
14.I didn't want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn't like leaving him________his own either.
15. After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to change the way I got on________others.
16....and one doesn't need to have an ear________music to notice their lack of talent.
17....has a history dating back over 1,000 years, and its famous castle has been there________about the 8th century.
18.... it pushes up in an irregular way, making your breath come out differently________how it normally does.
19.The rabbit dug________hours, and with every new hole the dog complained even more about how difficult this was, even for the rabbit.
20.This report points to a lack of opportunities for girls and women in education and work, which contributes________their poverty and lack of power.
21.They recently bought audiphones for four orphans________hearing problems and small tape recorders for three blind children.
22.Police officials have said that at least fifteen people have died after the sightseeing boat Ilinden,________50 Bulgarian tourists on board,sank in a lake in western Macedonia.
23.During one visit________the Pacific Islands of Tonga, a speciallyprepared dinner was arranged in her honor.
24.I wondered who he wanted to give the doll______.So I walked towards him and asked him all about it.
25.Besides,you will experience some stress and anxiety when you are living in a different culture with different values________your own.
26.“Oh,” he thought for a while and then took out a tenyuan note________his wallet.
27.I won't come back________midnight,so it's________to you to get everything done.
28.This shop will be closed for repairs________further notice.
29.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you________the tough years.
30.An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are________it.
31.The athlete's years of hard training paid ________when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
32.He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead,because the airconditioning system broke________.
33.It's surprising that your brother picked________Russian so quickly-he hasn't lived there very long.
34.Armed with the information you have gathered,you can set________preparing your business plan.
35.I've got________the habit________calling my mother ________my way________school.
Ⅱ.请在空格处填入一个适当的介词。
Mr. Brown was going away 1.________ a week.Before he left, he said to his son, “If anyone asks 2.________me, you can tell him that your father has been out 3.________ doing something, and will be back4.________a week, then be sure to ask him to sit down 5.________ a cup of tea.”
“OK, Dad,” said his son. But he was afraid his son couldn't remember this, he wrote these words down 6.________a piece of paper and gave it 7.________ him. His son put it 8.________ his small pocket, took it out and looked 9.________ it every now and then.
Four days passed, but no one came to see his father. The boy thought that there was no man to come and that the piece of paper was 10.________ no more use for him, so he burnt it that evening.
The next afternoon, someone knocked11.________ the door. The boy opened it. A man was standing 12.________ the door and said, “Where is your father?
” The boy put his hand into his pocket 13.________once and looked 14.________ the piece of paper. He could not find it. He suddenly remembered he had burnt it, so he shouted, “No more.”
The man asked 15.________ surprise, “No more?
I met your father last week. When did it happen?
”
介词强化训练答案
Ⅰ.1.As 2.for 3.from 4.on/upon 5.in 6.for 7.on
8.with 9.for 10.at 11.at 12.for 13.for 14.on
15.with 16.for 17.since 18.from 19.for
20.to 21.with 22.with 23.to 24.to 25.from 26.from 27.until/till;up 28.until 29.through
30.against 31.off 32.down 33.up 34.about
35.into;of;on;to
Ⅱ.1.for 2.for 3.for 4.in 5.for 6.on 7.to
8.into 9.at 10.of 11.at 12.at 13.at 14.for 15.in
第五讲 介 词
一、高考中高频介词
in,on,at,between,among,for,after,before,through,across,with,without,about,since,from,as,like,into,besides,except,by throughout,from behind,because of,according to, in spite of,in addition to...
二、介词考点透析
1.介词
介词是用于名词词组或相当于名词词组结构表示词语间语义关系的词类。
就其构成来说,可分为:
简单介词(about),复合介词(within),双重介词(by means of),分词介词(including)。
2.after,in的用法
after,in都可与终止性动词连用,用于将来时态。
但after后接时间点,in后接时间段。
如:
(1)Come and see me in two or three days' time.
两三天后来看看我。
(2)I'm busy now.I will go to see you after seven tonight.
我现在正忙着,今晚七点后我再来看你。
3.besides,except,but,but
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