考研英语这些词汇阅读理解常考下doc.docx
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考研英语这些词汇阅读理解常考下doc
2020考研英语:
这些词汇阅读理解常考(下)
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2020考研英语:
这些词汇阅读理解常考(下)
以下是2020考研英语:
这些词汇阅读理解常考(下)的具体内容:
26.
prerequisite
先决条件
Professionalism
has
turned
the
acquisition
of
a
doctoral
degree
into
a
prerequisite
for
a
successful
academic
career.
专业化使得博士学位成为成功学术生涯的先决条件。
27.
connotation
内涵
The
word
"amateur"
does
carry
a
connotation
that
the
person
concerned
is
not
fully
integrated
into
the
scientific
community
and,
in
particular,
may
not
fully
share
its
values.
"业余爱好者"一词的确带有这样一种内涵,那就是,没有完全整合进科学界的人不会分享其价值观。
28.
prospect
前景
Losing
a
job
is
hurting:
you
don't
skip
down
to
the
job
center
with
a
song
in
your
heart,
delighted
at
the
prospect
of
doubling
your
income
from
the
generous
state.
失去工作是痛苦的:
你不可能唱着歌蹦蹦跳跳地来到就业中心,心里高兴地想着这个慷慨的国家会让你的收入翻番。
29.
prosperity
繁荣
"The
Heart
of
the
Matter,"
the
just-released
report
by
the
American
Academy
of
Arts
and
Sciences
(AAAS),
deserves
praise
for
affirming
the
importance
of
the
humanities
and
social
sciences
to
the
prosperity
and
security
of
liberal
democracy
in
America.
"物质的核心"是美国艺术与科学研究院刚发表的一篇报告,这篇报告肯定了人文学科和社会科学对于美国自由民主的繁荣与安全的重要性,因此是值得表扬的。
30.
intelligence
智力,智能
Jury
duty
was
once
limited
to
persons
of
supposedly
superior
intelligence,
education,
and
moral
character.
陪审团的职责曾经仅限于那些具有卓越智力、教育背景和道德素养的人。
Indeed
the
quest
for
true
artificial
intelligence
has
produced
very
mixed
results.
事实上,对于人工智能的探索所获得的结果是非常复杂的。
31.
fitness
健康
But
despite
some
claims
to
the
contrary,
laughing
probably
has
little
influence
on
physical
fitness.
尽管存在一些反面的主张,事实上,笑对于身体健康几乎没有什么影响。
32.
seminar
讨论会
He
spent
many
of
his
weekly
seminars
giving
detailed
instructions
in
techniques
of
observation.
他用了很多的周讨论会来详细说明观察技术。
33.
duty
职责
Some
philosophers
argue
that
rights
exist
only
within
a
social
contract,
as
part
of
an
exchange
of
duties
and
entitlements.
一些哲学家提出,权力作为职责与利益的交换的一部分,仅存在于契约中。
34.
advocate
倡导(vt.)
倡导者(n.)
Rosenberg
argues
convincingly
that
public-health
advocates
ought
to
take
a
page
from
advertisers,
so
skilled
at
applying
peer
pressure.
罗森博格令人信服地提出,广告商很善于应用同伴压力,公共健康倡导者应当向他们学习。
He
advocated
freedom
of
thought
and
of
personal
expression.
他提倡思想自由和个人表达的自由。
35.
benefactor
捐助者
These
benefactors
have
succeeded
in
their
chosen
fields
and
they
want
to
use
their
wealth
to
draw
attention
to
those
who
have
succeeded
in
science.
这些捐助者在他们自己的领域很成功,他们想用自己的财富吸引那些在科学领域取得成功的人。
36.
entrepreneur
企业家
These
upstart
entrepreneurs
cannot
buy
their
prizes
the
prestige
of
the
Nobels.
这些突然崛起的企业家不可能通过金钱使自己的奖项具有诺贝尔奖那样的威望。
37.
chaos
混乱
Beethoven's
music
tends
to
move
from
chaos
to
order
as
if
order
were
an
imperative
of
human
existence.
贝多芬的音乐总是从混乱过渡到秩序,仿佛秩序是至高无上的人类存在。
38.
tension
张力
The
tension
between
the
universal
and
the
particular
has
been
immensely
productive
in
anthropology.
在人类学中,普遍性与特殊性之间的张力能够产生大量研究结果。
39.
obesity
肥胖
Of
even
greater
concern
is
the
fact
that
obesity
turns
out
to
be
very
difficult
to
define.
很难对肥胖进行定义,这一事实受到的关注更多。
40.
significance
重要性,意义
Because
our
conscious
mind
is
occupied
with
daily
life
we
don't
always
think
about
the
emotional
significance
of
the
day's
events
由于日常生活占据了我们有意识的思想,因此我们并不总是会思考日常事件的情感意义。
41.
institute
研究机构,(专门型)学院
According
to
the
Canadian
Institute
for
Health
Information,
prescription
drug
costs
have
risen
since
1997
at
twice
the
rate
of
overall
health-care
spending.
根据加拿大健康信息研究院的统计,自1997年以来,医疗保险总体开销中处方药成本在大幅上升。
42.
institution
制度,机构,机制
He
is
that
rare
bird,
a
scientist
who
works
independently
of
any
institution.
他是那种与众不同者,作为一个独立于任何机构的科学家在工作。
There
is
the
so-called
big
deal,
where
institutional
subscribers
pay
for
access
to
a
collection
of
online
journal
titles
through
site-licensing
agreements.
存在一种大批量交易,就是机构用户付钱通过网站特许协议来解除大量的在线期刊。
The
findings
of
a
research
institution
have
consistently
shown
that
workers
in
all
countries
can
be
trained
on
the
job
to
achieve
radical
higher
productivity
and,
as
a
result,
radically
higher
standards
of
living.
研究机构的发现一致地表明,所有国家的劳动者都可以通过工作培训来获得生产率的根本提高,从而大幅提高生活水平。
The
southern
states
would
not
have
signed
the
Constitution
without
protections
for
the
peculiar
institution.
如果不保护南方各州的制度,他们当时就不会签署宪法。
It
may
be
said
that
the
measure
of
the
worth
of
any
social
institution
is
its
effect
in
enlarging
and
improving
experience;
but
this
effect
is
not
a
part
of
its
original
motive.
人们可以说,对任何社会机价值的衡量在于其扩大并提示经验方面的效果,但这一效果并不属于这些机制的最初动机。
Malinowski
regarded
all
institutions
of
a
society
as
intrinsically
linked
to
each
other,
and
stressed
that
every
social
or
cultural
phenomenon
ought
to
be
studied
in
its
full
context.
马林诺夫斯基把所有社会机制看成是相互联系的,并强调应当将所有社会或文化现象放在其完整的社会情境中进行研究。
43.
intellectual
知识分子,知识的
It
is
intellectuals,
not
America,
who
have
become
anti-intellectual.
反对知识的正是知识分子本身,而不是美国。
44.
manuscript
手稿
When
I
set
out
to
revise
and
update
this
book,
the
original
manuscript
was
five
years
old.
当我在对这本书进行修改和更新时,最初的手稿已经存在五年之久了。
45.
trait
特征
The
trait
we
commonly
call
talent
is
highly
overrated.
我们过高评估了关于才干的特征。
46.
reference参考
In
effect,
you
try
to
reconstruct
the
likely
meaning
or
effects
that
any
given
sentence,
image
or
reference
might
have
had.
事实上,你可以尝试对任何给定句子、图像或参考可以具有的意义或效果进行重建。
47.
inference
推理
You
make
further
inferences,
for
instance,
about
how
the
text
may
be
significant
to
you.
你可以进行进一步推理,比如该文本对你具有何种重要性。
48.
legacy
遗产
Morgan's
legacy
would
also
be
acknowledged
by
many
Marxist
anthropologists.
摩根的遗产也会得到马克思主义人类学家的认可。
49.
label
标签
Advances
in
technology
have
allowed
mass-market
labels
such
as
Zara
,H&M,
and
Uniqlo
to
react
to
trends
more
quickly
and
anticipate
demand
more
precisely.
技术的发展使得诸如飒拉、HM以及优衣库这样的大众市场品牌能够对市场趋势快速反应,并更加准确地对需求进行预测。
50.
vogue
流行
I
shall
then
proceed
to
characterize
the
system
now
in
vogue
in
Western
civilization.
我将继续讲述西方文明中现在流行的体系特征。
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