国际贸易法第一章.ppt
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国际贸易法第一章.ppt
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InternationalTradeLawnnhttp:
/www.uncitral.org/国际贸易法委员会nnhttp:
/cisgw3.law.pace.edu/国际贸易法资源(ICSIG)REQUIREMENTSnnPreviewtherelevantpartofthereadingmaterial,especiallytherelevantcases,preparingfordiscussionintheclassroom.groupworknnIntheclassroom,listen,takenotesandspeakoutyourunderstandingofwhatwehavestudied.nnEnhancethroughreadingrelevantarticles.Chapter1TheIntroductiontoITLnnHowdoyouunderstandtheimportanceofinternationaltrade?
nnWhatarethedifferencesbetweeninternationaltradeanddomestictrade?
nnWherecanyoufindtherulesandnormsgoverninginternationaltrade?
nnInternationalTradeLawdealswiththerulesandregulationsthatarerequiredforcarryingoutinternationaltraderelationsbetweendifferentcountries.Therulesarealsoapplicableforprivatecompaniesthatcarryouttraderelationswithothercompaniesacrossinternationalborders.nn调整各国间商品、技术、服务的交换关系以及与此种关系有关的各种法律制度与法律规范的总体nn调整范围货物买卖、运输、保险、支付货物买卖、运输、保险、支付服务贸易服务贸易技术转让技术转让国际商品制度国际商品制度贸易管理制度贸易管理制度出现国际贸易的原因nn资源的匮乏:
地域分工(亚当斯密)nn比较优势(大卫李嘉图)nn生产要素禀赋比例(俄林)nn国家间相互依赖nnInternationalTradeLawshavebeenformulatedusingthetheoriesofeconomicliberalismthatemergedinEurope.HistoryofITLnnThemodernlawsoninternationaltradeisrootedinthelawofmerchantsandthelawofseas.ThemoderntradelawsthatincludedthemultilateraltreatywereformedaftertheSecondWorldWar.ThetreatyismostcommonlyknownastheGeneralAgreementonTradeandTariff(GATT).发展过程1nn商人法(LexMercatoria)阶段10101212世纪世纪意大利、法国、德国的自治市意大利、法国、德国的自治市商人阶层商人阶层自己的裁判方式自己的裁判方式中世纪的三大海法中世纪的三大海法国际性、行业性、专门性国际性、行业性、专门性发展过程2nn国家立法1616世纪以后世纪以后法国法国16731673商事条例、商事条例、16811681海事条例,海事条例,18071807商法典商法典德国德国18611861商法典商法典英美的判例及成文法:
英美的判例及成文法:
MansfieldMansfield,英国英国18931893货物货物买卖法令买卖法令,19061906海上保险法海上保险法,19361936海上货海上货物运输法物运输法;美国;美国19061906统一货物买卖法统一货物买卖法,后被,后被统一商法典统一商法典代替,代替,18931893哈特法哈特法,19361936海海上货物运输法上货物运输法发展过程3nn国际统一贸易术语国际统一化贸易术语国际统一化货物买卖的统一规范货物买卖的统一规范知识产权的国际保护知识产权的国际保护货物运输的国际统一货物运输的国际统一贸易支付的国际惯例贸易支付的国际惯例贸易管制的国际协调贸易管制的国际协调nn系统、兼容国家、加入管制内容Schmitthoff施米托夫(19031991)nn国国际贸际贸易法泰斗易法泰斗nn19031903年年33月月2424日生于德国日生于德国nn后就后就读读于德国弗里德里希高于德国弗里德里希高级级文科中学文科中学nn后去柏林大学后去柏林大学读读法律,法律,2424岁获岁获民法与教会法博士学位民法与教会法博士学位nn19331933年移居英国年移居英国nn与丹宁与丹宁勋勋爵有着深厚的友爵有着深厚的友谊谊nn于于19481948年出版年出版施米托夫施米托夫论论出口出口贸贸易易-国国际贸际贸易法律与易法律与实务实务,被,被译译成数十种文字成数十种文字nn创创建建UncitralUncitral的的报报告人,告人,联联合国合国顾问顾问nn坚坚信,信,现现代世界必代世界必须须开展国国合作,法律必开展国国合作,法律必须顾须顾及及这这一一点点nn国内出版的国内出版的专专著:
著:
施米托夫施米托夫论论出口出口贸贸易易、国国际贸际贸易法文易法文选选等等SourceofITL国际贸易法的渊源nn条约全球性条约、区域性条约、双边条约全球性条约、区域性条约、双边条约nn国际商业惯例nn各国国内合同法及冲突规范nn各国涉外贸易管理法nn国际组织决议nn标准合同InternationalTreatyA.WHATISINTERNATIONALLAW?
ThebodyofrulesandThebodyofrulesandnormnormsthatsthatregulateregulatesactivitiescarriedonoutsidesactivitiescarriedonoutsidethelegalboundariesofnations.thelegalboundariesofnations.ItregulatesthreeItregulatesthreeinternationalinternationalrelationshipsrelationships:
1)Thosebetween1)Thosebetweenstatestatesandstates.sandstates.2)Thosebetweenstatesandpersons.2)Thosebetweenstatesandpersons.3)Thosebetweenpersonsand3)Thosebetweenpersonsandpersons.persons.nnPublicinternationallaw;privatePublicinternationallaw;privateinternationallaw;internationalinternationallaw;internationaleconomiclaweconomiclaw,etc.etc.?
IsInternationalLawReallyLaw?
nnInternationallawislaw,becausenationsandindividualsregarditaslaw.nnItisdifferentfromcomity.nnComity:
Thepractice,orcourtesy,betweennationsoftreatingeachotherwithgoodwillandcivility.nnComityisnotlawbecausecountriesdonotregarditassomethingtheyarerequiredtorespect.B.THEMAKINGOFTERNATIONALLAWnn1.NoFormalLaw-makingMachinerynn2.BasicMechanismforCreatingInternationalLaw:
Consensusoftheinternationalcommunity.GeneralconsentoftheinternationalcommunityParticularconsentofastateC.SOURCESOFINTERNATIONALLAW1.1.Definition:
ThosethingswhichinternationalDefinition:
Thosethingswhichinternationaltribunalsrelyuponindeterminingthecontentoftribunalsrelyuponindeterminingthecontentofinternationallaw.internationallaw.2.2.AuthorizedSources:
Article38
(1)ofAuthorizedSources:
Article38
(1)ofthetheStatuteoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeStatuteoftheInternationalCourtofJustice(ICJ)(ICJ)liststhesourceswhichthatcourtispermittedtoliststhesourceswhichthatcourtispermittedtouse.use.a.a.ICJlooksto:
1)InternationalICJlooksto:
1)Internationalconventionconventions;s;2)International2)Internationalcustomcustom;3)3)GeneralprinciplesGeneralprinciplesoflaw.oflaw.b.b.Ininterpretingthese,theICJmayalsolookIninterpretingthese,theICJmayalsolookto:
to:
1)1)JudicialdecisionsJudicialdecisions.2)2)TeachingsofpublicistsTeachingsofpublicists.3.TreatiesandConventionsa.a.Definitions:
Definitions:
1)1)TreatiesareTreatiesareagreementagreementsbetweenoneormoresbetweenoneormorenations.
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