高考英语 阅读理解试题含答案.docx
- 文档编号:27008423
- 上传时间:2023-06-25
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:32
- 大小:39.24KB
高考英语 阅读理解试题含答案.docx
《高考英语 阅读理解试题含答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语 阅读理解试题含答案.docx(32页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高考英语阅读理解试题含答案
高考英语阅读理解试题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Onaverage,Americansspendabout10hoursadayinfrontofacomputerorotherelectronicdevicesandlessthan30minutesadayoutdoors.ThatisaclaimmadebyDavidStrayer,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofUtah.Inhis2017TEDTalk,Strayerexplainedthatallthistimespentwithtechnologyismakingourbrainstired.
Usinganelectronicdevicetoansweremails,listentothenewsandlookatFacebookputsalotofpressureonthefrontofthebrain,which,Strayerexplains,isimportantforcritical(有判断力的)thinking,problem-solvinganddecision-making.
So,itisimportanttogivethebrainarest.Andbeinginnaure,Strayerclaims,helpsgetatiredbrainawayfromtoomuchtechnology.Morethan15,000campersfromaroundtheworldattendedaninternationalcampingfestivalinSeptember.Thatiswhenfriendsandfamilytaketimeoffandescapetonatureforseveraldays.Theytakewalks,climb,explore,swim,sleep,eatandplay.Campingmaybejustwhatatiredbrainneeds.
TakeCarlforexample.HelivesinWestVirginiaandenjoyscamping.Hesaysthatstayingoutdoorsmakeshimfeelatease.Italsoprepareshimfortheworkhemustdo.KateSomersisanotherexamplewhoalsolivesinWestVirginia.Shesayssheenjoyscampingwithherhusbandandtwochildren.Shecallsita“regenerative”experience.
AttheUniversityofUtah,DavidStrayerhasstudiedbothshort-termandlong-termexposuretonature.Hefoundthatspendingshortamountsoftimeinnaturewithouttechnologydoescalmthebrainandhelpsittorememberbetter.However,hefound,itisthelong-termcontactwithnaturethatdoesthemostgood.Heandhisresearchteamfoundthatspendingthreedaysinnaturewithoutanytechnologyisenoughtimeforthebraintofullyrelaxandresetitself.
(1)WhatisDavidStrayer'sopinion?
A. Americansdislikeoutdooractivities.
B. Electronicequipmentshouldbequitted.
C. Newtechnologiesareadouble-edgedsword.
D. Electronicequipmentbringsgreatconvenience.
(2)WhydoesStrayerinsistwegooutdoors?
A. Totryanotherlifestyle.
B. Torefreshourbrain.
C. Tomakebetterdecisions.
D. Toplaywithourfamilyandfriends.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“regenerative”mean?
A. Reborn B. Memorable C. Remarkable D. Tiring
(4)Whichisthepropertitleforthepassage?
A. ElectronicEquipmentHarmstheBrain. B. GoodRestDevelopsGoodMemory.
C. TipsonUsingNewTechnologies.
D. BeinginNatureIsGoodfortheBrain.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文,主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息,因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动,让大脑休息。
(1)推理判断题。
根据第二段Usinganelectronicdevicetoansweremails,listentothenewsandlookatFacebookputsalotofpressureonthefrontofthebrain可知,电子产品和网络信息给我们带了方便,也给我们大脑产生了巨大的压力,故可知,科技是一把双刃剑,故选C。
(2)细节理解题。
根据第三段So,itisimportanttogivethebrainarest.Andbeinginnature,Strayerclaims,helpsgetatiredbrainawayfromtoomuchtechnology.可知,亲近大自然,可以让我们疲惫的大脑远离科技产品,让大脑获得休息,故选B。
(3)词义猜测题。
根据前文TakeCarlforexample.HelivesinWestVirginiaandenjoyscamping.Hesaysthatstayingoutdoorsmakeshimfeelatease.Italsoprepareshimfortheworkhemustdo.可知,喜欢露营,呆在户外让他感到轻松,能够为必须做的工作做好准备,故可知这个过程是一个再生的过程,让大脑休息的过程,故选A。
(4)主旨大意题。
本文主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息,因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动,让大脑休息,故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断,词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇说明类阅读,要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼),然后以此为线索,运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的:
段落、语句,仔细品味,同时根据上下文进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Mostadultsfindithardtorecalleventsfromtheirfirstfewyearsoflifeandnowscientistshavefoundexactlywhenthesechildhoodmemoriesfade(消失).
Anewstudyhasfoundthatmostthree-year-oldscanrecallalotofwhathappenedtothemoverayearearlier,andthesememoriespersistwhiletheyarefiveandsix,butbythetimetheyareoverseven,thesememoriesdecline(衰退)rapidly.
Mostchildrenbytheageofeightorninecanonlyrecall35%oftheirexperiencesfromundertheageofthree,accordingtothenewfindings.
Thescientistsbehindtheresearchsaythisisbecauseataroundthisagethewayweformmemoriesbeginstochange.Theysaythatbeforetheageofsevenchildrendonothaveasenseoftimeandplaceintheirmemories.Inolderchildren,however,theearlyeventstheycanrecalltendtobemoreadult-likeinthewaytheyareformed.Childrenalsohaveafarfasterrateofforgettingthanadults.Thefindingsalsohelptoexplainwhychildrencanoftenhaveclearmemoriesofeventsbutthenforgetthemjustacoupleofyearslater.
Theyoungstersfirstvisitedthelaboratoryattheageofthreeanddiscussedsixuniqueeventsfromtheirpast,suchasfamilyoutings,tripstothezoo,andthefirstdayofschool.Thechildrenthenreturnedforasecondsessionbetweentheagesoffiveandninetodiscussthesameevents.Theresearchersfoundthatbetweentheagesoffiveandseven,theamountofmemoriesthechildrencouldrecallremainedbetween63-72percent.However,theamountofinformationeight-tonine-year-oldchildrencouldrecalldroppedto35and36percent.
(1)Whatdoesthenewstudytellus?
A.Childhoodmemoriesdeclinewithyears.
B.Three-year-oldkidsarethecleverest.
C.Childhoodmemoriescanfadeeasily.
D.Someadultscannotrecallpastevents.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"persist"inParagraph2mean?
A.Change.
B.Remain.
C.Appear.
D.Return.
(3)WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?
A.Adultscannothaveclearmemoriesofpastevents.
B.Childrencanthinklikeadultswhentheygetolder.
C.Childrenunder7yearsoldhavedifferentwaysofformingmemories.
D.Childrenoftenforgetthingsbecausetheyhavenoideaoftimeorplace.
(4)Inthesecondsession,nine-year-oldchildren_________.
A.refusedtodiscussthesameevents
B.rememberedalltheirfamilyoutings
C.couldrecall72percentoftheirpastevents
D.onlyrememberedasmallpartoftheirpastevents
【答案】
(1)A
(2)B
(3)D
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了记忆消失的一些知识。
大多数三岁的孩子都能回忆起一年前发生在他们身上的许多事情,这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在,但到七岁以上时,这些记忆会迅速衰退。
在七岁之前,孩子们在记忆中没有时间感和位置感。
在5到7岁之间,孩子们能回忆起的记忆量保持在63%到72%之间。
然而,8至9岁儿童能够回忆起的信息量下降到35%和36%。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段“Anewstudyhasfoundthatmostthree-year-oldscanrecallalotofwhathappenedtothemoverayearearlier,andthesememoriespersistwhiletheyarefiveandsix,butbythetimetheyareoverseven,thesememoriesdecline(衰退)rapidly.”一项新的研究发现,大多数三岁的孩子都能回忆起一年前发生在他们身上的许多事情,这些记忆在他们五岁和六岁时仍然存在,但当他们超过七岁时,这些记忆迅速衰退。
可知新研究告诉了我们童年时的记忆随年龄而衰退。
故选A。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“butbythetimetheyareoverseven,thesememoriesdecline(衰退)rapidly.”到七岁以上时,这些记忆会迅速衰退,可知这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在,故划线单词persist的意思是:
存在,保留。
故选B。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“Theysaythatbeforetheageofsevenchildrendonothaveasenseoftimeandplaceintheirmemories.”他们说在七岁之前,孩子们在记忆中没有时间感和位置感。
可知孩子们经常忘记事情,因为他们没有时间感位置感,故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“ However,theamountofinformationeight-tonine-year-oldchildrencouldrecalldroppedto35and36percent.”然而,8至9岁儿童能够回忆起的信息量下降到35%和36%。
可知在第二阶段,九岁的孩子只记得他们过去的一小部分事情。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,同时根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Empathy(同理心)isoneofthosestrangequalities—somethingalmosteveryonewants,butfewknowhowtotrulygiveorreceiveit.Inaworldwhereself-satisfactionisemphasized,itisinshortsupplybuthighdemand.Thisisallthemorereasontoteachthenextgenerationwhatitmeanstohaveempathyforthosearoundthem.
WhatIsEmpathy?
—Manypeopleconfusesympathyandempathy,buttheyaretwodistinctvalues.Empathyisnotjusttheabilitytounderstandsomeone'sfeelings;criminalsoftentakeadvantageofpeoplebyappearingtounderstandtheirfeelingsandsubsequentlygainingtheirtrust.Empathyismorethanthat.Notonlyisittheabilitytorecognizehowsomeonefeels,butitalsovaluesandrespectsthefeelingsofanotherperson.Itmeanstreatingotherswithkindness,dignity,andunderstanding.
KidsNeedToSeeAdultsShowEmpathy—Whilesomechildrenaregiftedwithnaturallykindhearts,inmostcaseskidsneedtoseeempathymodeledbytheadultsaroundthem.Itbeginswiththewayparentsrelatetotheirchildren.Parentswhoshowaninterestinthethingsthatmattertotheirkidsandrespondtoemotionsinapositiveandcaringwayareteachingtheskillofempathy.
MeetEmotionalNeeds—Whenchildrenhavetheiremotionalneedsmet,twothingshappen.Theylearnhowtomeettheemotionalneedsofothersandtheyareanchoredinwhattheyarereceiving,meaningthattheyaresecureenoughtogivetootherswhentheneedarisesbutfirsttheyneedtoreceive.Anemptyjugcannotfillacup.
It'sagoodideatotalktokidsaboutemotionsandhowotherpeopleexperiencethem.Givetheiremotionsnames(forexample,jealousy,anger,andlove)andteachthemthatthesearenormal.Talktothemabouthowtohandleemotionsinapositivewayandpointoutsituationswhereotherpeopleareexperiencingemotions.Teachthemaboutrespectingtheemotionsofothersandshowthemhowtoactinasituationwherearesponseisrequired.
(1)Whyisitthatthenextgenerationaretaughttohaveempathy?
A. Becausepeopletendtocenterthemselves.
B. Becauseeveryonelacksempathy.
C. Becauseempathyisastrangequality.
D. Becauseit'sbettertogivethantoreceive.
(2)Whichsituationcanempathybeusedin?
A.Whenamathematicianiscalculatingtheareaofafarmland.
B.Whenateacheriscomfortingastudentabouthisfailureinexams.
C.Whenacriminalischeatingavictim.
D.Whenadancerisdancingtomusic.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence"Anemptyjugcannotfillacup"m
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 高考英语 阅读理解试题含答案 高考 英语 阅读 理解 试题 答案