江苏省南京市届高三零模考前复习卷英语00a31.docx
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江苏省南京市届高三零模考前复习卷英语00a31.docx
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江苏省南京市届高三零模考前复习卷英语00a31
江苏省南京市2022届高三零模考前复习卷英语试题
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3.Wheremightyoureadthisarticle?
A.Onatradingplatform.B.Inanewspaper.
C.Inafinancialreport.D.Onagovernmentwebsite.
Inordertohelpdiscoverspoilageandreducefoodwasteforsupermarketsandconsumers,researchershavedevelopednewlow-cost,smartphone-linked,eco-friendlyspoilagesensorsformeatandfishpackaging.
OneinthreeUKconsumersthrowawayfoodjustbecauseitreachestheuse-bydate,but60%ofthe£12.5billion-worthoffoodwethrowawayeachyearissafetoeat.
Theresearchers,whosefindingswerepublishedinACSSensors,saythesensorscouldalsoeventuallyreplacetheuse-bydate—awidelyusedindicatorofbeingfreshandeatable.
ThesensorscosttwoUScentseachtomake.Knownas“paper-basedelectricalgassensors(PEGS)”,theydetectspoilagegaseslikeammonia(apoisonousgaswithastrongunpleasantsmell)inmeatandfishproducts.Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.
TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhodevelopedPEGSmadethesensorsbyprintingcarbonelectrodesontoaspecialtypeofpaper.Thematerialsareeco-friendlyandharmless,sotheydon’tdamagetheenvironmentandaresafetouseinfoodpackaging.Thesensors,combinedwithatinyelectronicsystem,theninformnearbymobiledevices,whichidentifyandunderstandthedataaboutspoilagegases.
LeadauthorDrFiratGuderofImperial’sDepartmentofBioengineering,said,“Althoughthey’redesignedtokeepussafe,use-bydatescanleadtoeatablefoodbeingthrownaway.Theydon’talwaysreflectitsactualfreshness.Infact,peopleoftengetsickfromfood-bornediseasesduetopoorstorage,evenwhenanitemiswithinitsuse-bydate.”
“Thesesensorsarecheapenoughsowehopetoseesupermarketsusingthemwithinthreeyears.
OurgoalistousePEGSinfoodpackagingtoreduceunnecessaryfoodwaste.”
TheauthorshopethatPEGScouldhaveapplicationsbeyondfoodprocessing,likesensingchemicalsinagriculture,airquality,anddetectingdiseasemarkersinbreathlikethoseinvolvedinkidneydisease.
4.WhatisthefunctionofPEGSaccordingtothetext?
A.Toimprovethetasteoffoods.B.Toimprovetheserviceofstores.C.Tohelpsupermarketsstorefoods.D.Tohelppeopletestfoodfreshness.5.WhatroledoesthesmartphoneplaywhilePEGSarefunctioning?
A.Itactsasanelectronicnose.B.ItreadsthedatacollectedbyPEGS.
C.Ithelpsprintthegassensorsontopaper.D.Itdiscoversthespoilagegasesfromfoods.6.WhatdoesDr.FiratGudersayaboutuse-bydates?
A.Theyarenotcompletelyreliable.B.Theycanhelpreducefoodwaste.
C.Theyarebasedonscientificresearch.D.Theyarenotacceptedbytheconsumers.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthetext?
A.Theprocessofresearchingspoilagesensors.
B.Anewtechnologyinpackagingtoreducefoodwaste.C.Theapplicationofspoilagesensorsbeyondfoodprocessing.
D.Theinfluenceofuse-bydatesonsupermarketsandconsumers.
Ifyourin-boxiscurrentlyreportingunreadmessagesinthehundredsorthousands,youmighthaveahardtimebelievingthenews:
e-mailisonthedecline.
Atfirstthought,thatmightseemtobethecase.Theincominggeneration,afterall,doesn’tdo
e-mail.Oh,theymighthaveanaccount.Theyuseitonlyaswewoulduseafaxmachine:
asameanstocommunicatewithold-schoolfolksliketheirparentsortofulfillthesign-uprequirementsofWebsites.Theyrarelycheckit,though.
Today’sinstantelectronicmemos—suchastextingandFacebookandTwittermessages—aremoredirect,moreconcentrated,moreefficient.Theygowithoutthesalutation(称呼语)andthesignoff(签收);wealreadyknowthe“to”and“from.”Manycorporationsaremovingtomessagingnetworksforexactlythatreason:
moresignal,lessnoiseandlesstime.Thistrendisfurtherevidencethatstore-and-forwardsystemssuchase-mailandvoicemailareoutdated.Insteadofmyleavingyoualengthymessagethatyoupickuplater,Icannowsendyouaneasily-readmessagethatyoucanread—andrespondto—onthego.
Thecomingofthemobileeraisresponsibleforthedeclineofe-mail.Instantwrittenmessagesbringgreatconvincetopeople.Theycandealwiththemataboutanytime:
beforeamovie,inataxi,waitingforlunch.Andbecausethesemessagesareverybrief,they’resuitableforsmartphonetyping.
Doesthismeane-mailisonitswaytothedustbinofdigitalhistory?
Notnecessarily.E-mailstillhascertainadvantages.Ontheotherhand,tweetsandtextsfeelephemeral—youreadthem,thenthey’regone,intoanendlessstring,e-mailstillfeelslikesomethingyouhaveandthatyoucanfile,searchandreturntolater.It’seasytoimaginethatitwillcontinuetofeelmoreappropriateforformalcommunications:
agreements,importantnews,longerexplanations.
So,e-mailwon’tgoawaycompletely.Remember,we’vebeenthroughatransition(过度)likethisnotsolongago:
whene-mailwasontherise,peoplesaidthatpostalmailwasdead.That’snothowitworks.Postalmailfounditssmallermarket,andsowille-mail.Newtechnologyrarelyreplacesoldonecompletely;itjustaddsnewalternatives.
8.Whatwouldtheincominggenerationliketodowiththeire-mailaccounts?
A.Checkbankaccounts.B.Sendlongmessages.
C.Fillinsomeforms.D.Communicatewiththeircolleagues.9.Whichofthefollowingismainlydiscussedinparagraphs3and4?
A.Thepossiblereasonsbehindthedeclineofe-mail
B.Thelikesanddislikesoftheyounggeneration
C.Therapiddevelopmentofe-communicationchannelsD.Evidenceabouttheuncertainfutureofeasily-consumedmessages
10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ephemeral”inparagraph5mean?
A.Automatically-sending.B.Randomly-written.C.Hardly-recognized.D.Shortly-appearing.
11.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.It’stooearlytodeterminethedeclineofe-mail.
B.E-mailhasreasonstoexistwithitsownadvantages.C.E-mail,justlikepostalmailhascometoitsend.
D.Weshouldfeelsorryforthedeclineofe-mail.
Eventhoughsomepeoplebelievethatmoneymakestheworldgoaround,manypeoplewouldchoosehealthoverwealth.ForsomeonelikeviolinistRobertGupta,whowasonhiswaytobecomingaphysicianbeforejoiningtheLosAngelesPhilharmonicatage19,music,health,andwealthareallpartofthesamepackage.
Inadditiontomusic,GuptaisdeeplyinterestedinneurobiologyBecauseofhisinterests,hehashadthechancetoworkwithNathanielAnthonyAyers,atalentedmusicianwhosecareerwassidelinedbyschizophrenia.AlthoughAyersstudiedmusicattheJuilliardSchoolYorkCity,hismentalillnessgotinthewayofprofessionalsuccess.
AfterdroppingoutofJulliardandhavingunsuccessfulmedicaltreatmentforhisschizophrenia,AyersmovedtoLosAngeleswhereheendeduphomeless.In2005,ajournalistfortheLosAngelesTimesnamedSteveLopezheardAyersplayingmusicinthestreets.LopezwroteabookaboutAyersandbecamehisfriend.Theirfriendshipbecamethesubjectofamovie,andbecauseofthebookandthemovie,Ayershashadachancetoperformhismusicinsomeofthemostfamousconcerthallsintheworld.
ItseemedlikeAyershadfoundhishappyending.However,herefusestotakemedicationtotreathisschizophrenia.Hesaysitkeepshimfrom“hearingthemusic”.Becauseofthis,Ayersisstillsubjecttoschizophreniaandsometimesleaveshishometogobacktothestreets.
GuptawasintroducedtoAyersafterLopeztookhisfriendtoaperformanceofBeethoven’sFirstandFourthsymphonies,andAyersaskedGuptaforaviolinlesson.Whentheyfirstmet,Ayerswasonedge.Guptawasafraidthatifhetaughtthelessoninhisusualway,Ayerswouldreactviolently.Fin
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