高二英语下学期第一学段考试试题整理.docx
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高二英语下学期第一学段考试试题整理.docx
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高二英语下学期第一学段考试试题整理
甘肃省天水市2016-2017学年高二英语下学期第一学段考试试题
选择题(共50分)
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分30分)
第一节阅读理解(每小题2分,满分20分)
A
StrangeBaby-NamingLaws
Gemany
Parentsarebannedbylawfromusinglastnamesandthenamesofobjectsandproductsasfirstnames.Achild’sfirstnamesmustclearlyshowhisorhersex,andallnamesmustbeapprovedbytheofficeofvitalstatisties(人口统计)intheareainwhichthechildwasborn.
Iceland
Thecountry'snamingcommitteeconsultstheNationalRegisterofPersonstodetermineifanameisacceptable。
Ifparentspreferanamewhichisnotonthelist,theymustapplyforapprovalandpayafee,andthenamemustcontainonlylettersintheIcelandicaiphabet。
NewZealand
Thecountry’sBirths,Deaths,andMarriagesRegistrationActof1995doesn’tallowparentstochooseanamethat“mightcauseoffensetoareasonableperson;isunreasonablylong;oris,includes,orissimilartoanofficialtitleorrank,”including,apparently,AdolfHitlerandYeahDetroit—bothnamesrecentlyrejected.
Denmark
IfDanishparentspreferanamenotonthelistof7,000preapprovedbabynames,theymustgetpermissionfromlocalchurchandgovernmentofficials。
15to20percentofthe1,100reviewednames—includingcreativespellingsofcommonnames,lastnamesasfirstnames,andunusualnames—arerejectedeachyear.
1.Youcantellwhetherababyisagirloraboyaccordingtothefirstnamesin_____。
A。
GermanyB。
NewZealandC。
IcelandD。
Denmark
2.InIceland,thenamesshould______。
A。
beonthenameslistwithoutexceptionB.bepaidalargeamountofmoneyfor
C.containonlylettersintheRomanalphabetD。
beacceptedbytheNationalRegisterofPersons
3.InNewZealandthenaminglaw________。
A。
usedtoforbidtheuseofthenameofAdolfHitlerB.allowsnamessimilartoanofficialtittleorrank
C。
isconsiderateastohowotherpeoplefeelaboutthenamesD.doesn’tallowusinglastnamesasfirstnames
4.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat________.
A。
eachyearabout160—220reviewednamesarerejectedinDenmark
B.babies'namesshouldbeallowedbytheofficeofvitalstatisticsinIceland
C.AdolfHitlerisanamethatisbannedinalltheEuropeancountries
D.parentsmustgiveupbabies'namesifthenamesarenotonthelistinIreland
B
DearMr.Hill,
Weareappreciativeofyourinterestinourproducts。
Ifyouvisitourwebsite,you’llseemanyfavorableproductreviews。
I'veattachedourcompanycatalogueshowingourentirelineofproducts。
WedesignedtheTopEverestlinetobethemostelegantluggageyoucanfindanywhereintheworld.Somecustomerswanttheluggagetobeasneatly—fittedandlightweightaspossible,soweaskedourdesignerstodojustthat。
Youcannotfindamoreneatly—fittedandlightweightluggagethanours。
Inaddition,mostofourcustomerswanttheluggagetobetoughestandmostlong-lasting,sowechosethetoughestandmostlong-lastingmaterials
fortheEverestlineandsubjectedourfirstproductstothemostsevertests.Wehadthemrumoverbysteamrollers(压路机).Wealsohadtrucksrunoverthem。
Onlyafewproductssurvivedthesetests。
Werecoveredonlythosethatsurvivedthetests,finalizedtheirdesign,andputthemintoproduction.Youcancountonourproducts.Ifyouwanttopurchaseourproductsinalargequantity,wewillgiveyoua10%discount.Iamsureyourstorewillmakemoreprofitsthanever。
OnApril6IneedtogoonabusinesstripinTexas。
Icandropbyyourstoretomeetwithyouanddiscussourproductsindetail。
Ifwecanbeoffurtherservice,orifyouneedtogetmoreinformation,pleasecallusat356-589—6987atanytime.Wevalueyourbusinessandwanttohelpanywaywecan.
RobinCarter
TopEverest
5.Whatisanadvantageoftheluggage?
A。
Itisheavy.B。
Itistough.C。
Itisbigenough.D。
Itiseasytouse。
6.HowcanMr。
Hillreceiveapricereduction?
A.HeshouldorderbeforeApril6.B.Heshouldplaceanorderonline.
C。
HeshouldvisitMr。
Carter’sofficepersonally.D。
Heshouldbuyalargenumberoftheproducts。
7。
WhydoesMr。
Carterwritetheletter?
A.ToreplytoMr。
Hill’squestions.B。
Topromotesalesofhisproducts。
C。
TomakesurehewillmeetMr.Hill.D.Togiveadescriptionabouttheluggage。
C
LetusallraiseaglasstoAlphaGoandtheadvanceofartificial
intelligence.AlphaGo,DeepMind’sGo-playingAI,justdefeatedthe
bestGo-playinghuman,LeeSedol。
Butaswedrinktoitssuccess,we
shouldalsobegintryingtounderstanditmeansforthefuture。
ThenumberofpossiblemovesinagameofGoissohugethat,inorder
towinagainstaplayerlikeLee,AlphaGowasdesignedtoadoptahuman—likestyleofgameplaybyusingarelativelyrecentdevelopment—deeplearning。
Deeplearninguseslargedatasets,“machinelearning”algorithms(计算程序)anddeepneural(神经的)networkstoteachtheAIhowto performaparticularsetoftasks.RatherthanprogrammingcomplexGorulesandstrategiesintoAlphaGo,DeepMinddesignerstaughtAlphaGotoplaythegamebyfeedingitdatabasedontypicalGomoves。
Then,AlphaGoplayedagainstitself,tirelesslylearningfromitsownmistakesandimprovingitsgameplayovertime。
Theresultsspeakforthemselves.
Deeplearningrepresentsashiftintherelationshiphumanshavewiththeirtechnologicalcreations.ItresultsinAIthatdisplayssurprisingandunpredictablebehaviour.Commentingafterhisfirstloss,Leedescribedbeingshockedbyanunconventionalmoveheclaimednohumanwouldeverhavemade。
DemisHassabis,oneofDeepMind’sfounders,echoedthiscomment:
“We’reverypleasedthatAlphaGoplayedsomequitesurprisingandbeautifulmoves."
Unpredictabilityandsurprisesare—orcanbe—agoodthing。
Theycanindicatethatasystemisworkingwell,perhapsbetterthanthehumansthatcamebeforeit.SuchisthecasewithAlphaGo.However,unpredictabilityalsoindicatesalossofhumancontrol。
ThatHassabisissurprisedathiscreation’sbehavioursuggestsalackofcontrolinthedesign。
AndthoughsomelossofcontrolmightbefineinthecontextofagamesuchasGo,itraisesurgentquestionselsewhere.
HowmuchandwhatkindofcontrolshouldwegiveuptoAImachines?
HowshouldwedesignappropriatehumancontrolintoAIthatrequiresustogiveupsomeofthatverycontrol?
IstheresomeAIthatweshouldjustnotdevelopif
itmeansanylossofhumancontrol?
Howmuchofasayshouldcorporations,governments,expertsorcitizenshaveinthesematters?
Theseimportantquestions,andmanyotherslikethem,haveemergedinresponse,butremainunanswered。
Theyrequirehuman,nothuman—like,solutions。
SoaswedrinktothemilestoneinAI,let’salsodrinktotheunderstandingthatthetimetoanswerdeeplyhumanquestionsaboutdeeplearningandAIisnow.
8。
WhatcontributesmosttotheunconventionalmoveofAlphaGointhegame?
A。
Thecapabilityofself—improvement.B。
Theconstantinputoflargedatasets.
C.Theinstallationofdeepneutralnetworks. D。
TheknowledgeofGorulesandstrategies。
9。
HowshouldwedealwiththeunpredictabilityofAI?
A。
WeshouldstopAImachinesfromdevelopingevenfurther。
B.Weshouldcallonthegovernmenttosolvetheseproblemsforus.
C.Weshouldrelyonourselvesandcomeupwitheffectivesolutions.
D.Weshouldinventevenmoreintelligentmachinestosolveeverything。
10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthisremarkableadvanceinAI?
A.Supportive. B。
Optimistic。
C。
Doubtful。
D。
Cautious.
笫二节阅读填空(每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Doyouconstantlyusethecomputer,whetherforlearningorentertainment?
Computersgiveoffradiation(辐射)thatisbadforyourhealth,butherearesomewaystoprotectyourselffromcomputerradiation。
11GreenteacanbeabsorbedbythebodyeasilyintoaformofvitaminA,whichhelpsreduceradiation.
12。
Itisadvisabletoattacharadiationfilterplate(辐射过滤板)infrontofyourcomputer’sscreen。
Makesuretoavoidputtinganymetalsubstancesnearyourcomputerasthesemayhavereflectedsomeoftheelectromagneticwavesthatareharmfultoyourhealth.13.Thebrighterthescreenthehighertheradiationtherewillbeandviceversa。
Youcanalsoputsomeradiation-absorbingplantssuchasseveralcactinearyourcomputertopreventradiation.
Makesureyoudoaskincareprotectionbeforesittinginfrontofthecomputer。
14Washyourfacesoonafterusingthecomputerinordertoreduce70%oftheradiation.
15Oldcomputeringeneral,hasonetotwotimesmoreradiationsreleasedthanthenewonewithinthesamedistance.
A。
Andadjustthebrightnessofyourcomputerscreen。
B。
Applyalayeroffacialmasktoprotectyourself。
C.Andadjustthesoundlevelonyourcomputer。
D。
Themostefficientwayisbydrinkingsomecoffeeregularly.
E。
Thesimplestwayisbydrinking2or3cupsofgreenteaeveryday.
F.Ifpossible,purchaseanewcomputerinsteadofusinganoldmodelcomputer.
G.Italsohelpskeepoureyesseethingsclearlyinthedarkbyimprovingthevisualability.
笫三部分英语知识运用(满分20分)
完形填空(共20小题;每题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
NickwasnotthekindofboyIhadexpectedtospendmysummerwith。
Iwashopingtohavea relaxation thesummerbeforemybusysenioryear,__16__mymotheraskedmetodohera __17__。
Oneofhercolleaguesneededafull-time __18__。
“Youplannedtovolunteeratthelocalhospital,whynotvolunteerto ___19___Nickinstead?
”Thenshetoldmethatthissix-year-oldboywasnota ___20___child.
Nickwasalovelylittleboywhosufferedfrommanydisorders.Normalday-carecentreswouldnot ___21___him。
Asababy,hehadseriousearinfectionswhichlefthimwithequilibrium(平衡)problems.Hecouldn't ___22___orrunproperly.Iwashesitating___23___Iwastotakethejobwhenmymother ___24___,“Don’tyouw
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