英语四级真题及参考答案卷一仔细阅读.docx

英语四级真题及参考答案卷一仔细阅读.docx

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英语四级真题及参考答案卷一仔细阅读

2018年6月英语四级真题及参考答案（卷一）：

仔细阅读

　　PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.Weknowtheriskofdementia（痴呆）increaseswithage.Butifyouhavememoryslips，youprobablyneedn‘tworry.Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss.Afterage50，it’squitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeople，placesandthingquickly，saysDr.KirkDaffnerofBrighamandWoman‘sHospitalinBoston.Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainpartsshrink，especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportanttolearning，memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcanbereducedasbloodvesselsnarrow.Forgettingthenameofanactorinafavoritemovie，forexample，isnothingtoworryabout.Butifyouforgettheplotofthemovieordon’trememberevenseeingit，that‘sfarmoreconcerning，Daffnersays.Whenyouforgetentireexperiences，hesays，that’s“aredflagthatsomethingmoreseriousmaybeinvolved.”Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrowaveoven，orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyou‘vevisitedmanytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong.Buteventhen，Daffnersays，peopleshouldn’tpanic.Therearemanythingsthatcancauseconfusionandmemoryloss，includinghealthproblemsliketemporarystoppageofbreathing，highbloodpressure，ordepression，aswellasmedicationslikeantidepressants.Evenover-the-counterremedieslikeantihistaminescancontributetomemoryloss.Andthebestdefenseagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventitbybuildingupyourbrain‘scognitive（认知的）reserve，Daffnersays.“Readbooks，gotomovies，takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthatforceonetothinkinnovelways，”hesays.Inotherwords，keepyourbrainbusyandworking.Andalsogetphysicallyactive，becauseexerciseisaknownbrainbooster.

46.Whydoestheauthorsaythatoneneedn’tbeconcernedaboutmemoryslips？

　　A）Notallofthemaresymptomsofdementia.

　　B）Theyoccuronlyamongcertaingroupsofpeople.

　　C）Notallofthemarerelatedtoone‘sage.

　　D）Theyarequitecommonamongfifty-year-olds.

　　47.Whathappensaswebecomeagedaccordingtothepassage？

　　A）Ourinteractionskillsdeteriorate.

　　B）Somepartsofourbrainstopfunctioning.

　　C）Communicationwithinourbrainweakens.

　　D）Ourwholebrainstartsshrinking.

　　48.Whichmemory-relatedsymptomshouldpeopletakeseriously？

　　A）Totallyforgettinghowtodoone‘sdailyroutines.

　　B）Inabilitytorecalldetailsofone‘slifeexperiences.

　　C）Failuretorememberthenamesofmoviesoractors.

　　D）Occasionallyconfusingtheaddressesofone‘sfriends.

　　49.Whatshouldpeopledowhensignsofseriousmemorylossshowup？

　　A）Checkthebrain‘scognitivereserve.

　　B）Turntoaprofessionalforassistance.

　　C）Stopmedicationsaffectingmemory.

　　D）Exercisetoimprovetheirwell-being.

　　50.WhatisDrDaffner‘sadviceforcombatingmemoryloss？

　　A）Havingregularphysicalandmentalcheckups.

　　B）Takingmedicinethathelpsboostone‘sbrain.

　　C）Engaginginknownmemoryrepairactivities.

　　D）Stayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally.

参考答案：

46.[A].Notallofthemaresymptomsofdementia.

47.[C].Communicationwithinourbrainweakens.

48.[A].Totallyforgettinghowtodoone’sdailyroutines。

49.[C].Turntoaprofessionalforassistance.

50.[D].Stayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally

答案解析：

46.解析：

从原文第一段中的说法，如果你有健忘的情况，你可能不需要担心，痴呆的症状和年龄增长引起的健忘之间有明显的不同。

可以得出A.Notallofthemaresymptomsofdementia.不是所有的记忆力减退都是痴呆的症状，是正确答案。

47.解析：

从原文第三段中的说法，大脑就像身体的其他部位一样会变老，大脑的一些部位会萎缩，尤其是大脑中对于学习，记忆和规划重要的某些部位。

大脑细胞的变化能够影响大脑不同区域的交流。

可以得出C.Communicationwithinourbrainweakens.大脑内部的交流会减弱，是正确选项。

48.解析：

从原文第五段中的说法，忘记如何操作家里的东西，比如微波炉，或者忘记如何开车去以前已经拜访过很多次的朋友的家，这都是身体出问题的迹象。

可以得出A.Totallyforgettinghowtodoone’sdailyroutines。

完全忘记如何做日常工作，是正确选项。

49.解析：

从原文第七段中的说法，Daffner建议有严重健忘症状的人去找医生。

可以得出CTurntoaprofessionalforassistance.向专业人士求助，是正确选项。

50.解析：

从原文最后一段的说法，换句话说，保持你的大脑忙碌工作。

也要使身体活跃起来，可以得出DStayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally，保持身体和精神活跃，是正确选项。

　　PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　YouprobablyknowabouttheTitanic，butitwasactuallyjustoneofthreestate-of-theart（最先进的）oceanshipsbackintheday.TheOlympicclassshipswerebuiltbytheHarland&WolffshipmakersinNorthernIrelandfortheWhiteStarLinecompany.TheOlympicclassincludedtheOlympic，theBritannicandtheTitanic.WhatyoumaynotknowisthattheTitanicwasn‘teventheflagshipofthisclass.Allinall，theOlympicclassshipsweremarvelsofseaengineering，buttheyseemedcursedtosufferdisastrousfates.

　　TheOlympiclaunchedfirstin1910，followedbytheTitanicin1911，andlastlytheBritannicin1914.Theshipshadninedecks，andWhiteStarLinedecidedtofocusonmakingthemthemostluxuriousshipsonthewater.

　　Stretching269.13meters，theOlympicclassshipswerewondersofnavaltechnology，andeveryonethoughtthattheywouldcontinuetobesoforquitesometime.However，allsufferedterribleaccidentsontheopenseas.TheOlympicgotwreakedbeforetheTitanicdid，butitwastheonlyonetosurviveandmaintainasuccessfulcareerof24years.TheTitanicwasthefirsttosinkafterfamouslyhittingahugeicebergin1912.Followingthisdisaster，theBritannichitanavalminein1916andsubsequentlysankaswell.

　　Eachshipwascoal-poweredbyseveralboilersconstantlykeptrunningbyexhaustedcrewsbelowdeck.Mostrecognizableoftheshipdesignsaretheship‘ssmokestacks，butthefourthstackwasactuallyjustartisticinnatureandservednofunctionalpurpose.Whiletwooftheseshipssank，theywerealldesignedwithdouclehulls（船体）believedtomakethem“unsinkable”，perhapsamistakenideathatledtotheTitanic’sandtheBritannic‘stragicend.

　　TheOlympicsufferedtwocrasheswithothershipsandwentontoserveasahospitalshipandtrooptransportinWorldWarI.Eventually，shewastakenoutofserviceod1935，endingtheeraoftheluxuriousOlympicclassoceanliners.

　　51.WhatdoesthepassagesayaboutthethreeOlympicclassships？

　　A）Theyperformedmarvellouslyonthesea.

　　B）Theycouldallbreaktheiceintheirway.

　　C）Theyallexperiencedterriblemisfortunes.

　　D）Theyweremodelsofmodernengineering.

　　52.WhatdidWhiteStarLinehaveinmindwhenitpurchasedthethreeships？

　　A）Theircapacityofsailingacrossallwaters.

　　B）Theutmostcomfortpassengerscouldenjoy.

　　C）Theirabilitytosurvivedisastersofanykind.

　　D）Thelongvoyagestheywereabletoundertake.

　　53.Whatissaidaboutthefourthstackoftheships？

　　A）Itwasamerepieceofdecoration.

　　B）Itwastheworkofafamousartist.

　　C）Itwasdesignedtoletoutextrasmoke.

　　D）Itwaseasilyidentifiablefromafar.

　　54.WhatmighthaveledtothetragicendoftheTitanicandtheBritannic？

　　A）Theirunscientificdesigns.

　　B）Theircaptains'misjudgment.

　　C）Theassumptionthattheywerebuiltwiththelatesttechnology.

　　D）Thebeliefthattheycouldneversinkwithadouble-layerbody.

　　55.WhathappenedtotheshipOlympicintheend？

　　A）Shewasusedtocarrytroops.

　　B）ShewassunkinWorldWarⅠ。

　　C）Shewasconvertedintoahospitalship.

　　D）Shewasretiredafterhernavalservice.

　　参考答案：

　　51.[C]Theyallexperiencedterriblemisfortunes.

　　52.[B]Theutmostcomfortpassengerscouldenjoy.

　　53.[A]Itwasamerepieceofdecoration.

　　54.[D]Thebeliefthattheycouldneversinkwithadouble-layerbody.

　　55.[D]Shewasretiredafterhernavalservice.