平狄克微观经济学课件(英文)12.ppt
- 文档编号:2696028
- 上传时间:2022-11-07
- 格式:PPT
- 页数:35
- 大小:3.10MB
平狄克微观经济学课件(英文)12.ppt
《平狄克微观经济学课件(英文)12.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《平狄克微观经济学课件(英文)12.ppt(35页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Fernando&YvonnQuijanoPreparedby:
MonopolisticCompetitionandOligopoly12CHAPTERCopyright2009PearsonEducation,Inc.PublishingasPrenticeHallMicroeconomicsPindyck/Rubinfeld,7e.Chapter12:
MonopolisticCompetitionandOligopoly2of35Copyright2009PearsonEducation,Inc.PublishingasPrenticeHallMicroeconomicsPindyck/Rubinfeld,7e.CHAPTER12OUTLINE12.1MonopolisticCompetition12.2Oligopoly12.3PriceCompetition12.4CompetitionversusCollusion:
ThePrisonersDilemma12.5ImplicationsofthePrisonersDilemmaforOligopolisticPricing12.6CartelsChapter12:
MonopolisticCompetitionandOligopoly3of35Copyright2009PearsonEducation,Inc.PublishingasPrenticeHallMicroeconomicsPindyck/Rubinfeld,7e.MonopolisticCompetitionandOligopolymonopolisticcompetitionMarketinwhichfirmscanenterfreely,eachproducingitsownbrandorversionofadifferentiatedproduct.oligopolyMarketinwhichonlyafewfirmscompetewithoneanother,andentrybynewfirmsisimpeded.cartelMarketinwhichsomeorallfirmsexplicitlycollude,coordinatingpricesandoutputlevelstomaximizejointprofits.Chapter12:
MonopolisticCompetitionandOligopoly4of35Copyright2009PearsonEducation,Inc.PublishingasPrenticeHallMicroeconomicsPindyck/Rubinfeld,7e.MONOPOLISTICCOMPETITION12.1TheMakingsofMonopolisticCompetitionAmonopolisticallycompetitivemarkethastwokeycharacteristics:
1.Firmscompetebysellingdifferentiatedproductsthatarehighlysubstitutableforoneanotherbutnotperfectsubstitutes.Inotherwords,thecross-priceelasticitiesofdemandarelargebutnotinfinite.2.Thereisfreeentryandexit:
itisrelativelyeasyfornewfirmstoenterthemarketwiththeirownbrandsandforexistingfirmstoleaveiftheirproductsbecomeunprofitable.Chapter12:
MonopolisticCompetitionandOligopoly5of35Copyright2009PearsonEducation,Inc.PublishingasPrenticeHallMicroeconomicsPindyck/Rubinfeld,7e.MONOPOLISTICCOMPETITION12.1EquilibriumintheShortRunandtheLongRunBecausethefirmistheonlyproducerofitsbrand,itfacesadownward-slopingdemandcurve.Priceexceedsmarginalcostandthefirmhasmonopolypower.Intheshortrun,describedinpart(a),pricealsoexceedsaveragecost,andthefirmearnsprofitsshownbytheyellow-shadedrectangle.AMonopolisticallyCompetitiveFirmintheShortandLongRunFigure12.1Chapter12:
MonopolisticCompetitionandOligopoly6of35Copyright2009PearsonEducation,Inc.PublishingasPrenticeHallMicroeconomicsPindyck/Rubinfeld,7e.MONOPOLISTICCOMPETITION12.1EquilibriumintheShortRunandtheLongRunInthelongrun,theseprofitsattractnewfirmswithcompetingbrands.Thefirmsmarketsharefalls,anditsdemandcurveshiftsdownward.Inlong-runequilibrium,describedinpart(b),priceequalsaveragecost,sothefirmearnszeroprofiteventhoughithasmonopolypower.AMonopolisticallyCompetitiveFirmintheShortandLongRunFigure12.1(continued)Chapter12:
MonopolisticCompetitionandOligopoly7of35Copyright2009PearsonEducation,Inc.PublishingasPrenticeHallMicroeconomicsPindyck/Rubinfeld,7e.MONOPOLISTICCOMPETITION12.1MonopolisticCompetitionandEconomicEfficiencyUnderperfectcompetition,priceequalsmarginalcost.Thedemandcurvefacingthefirmishorizontal,sothezero-profitpointoccursatthepointofminimumaveragecost.ComparisonofMonopolisticallyCompetitiveEquilibriumandPerfectlyCompetitiveEquilibriumFigure12.2Chapter12:
MonopolisticCompetitionandOligopoly8of35Copyright2009PearsonEducation,Inc.PublishingasPrenticeHallMicroeconomicsPindyck/Rubinfeld,7e.MONOPOLISTICCOMPETITION12.1MonopolisticCompetitionandEconomicEfficiencyUndermonopolisticcompetition,priceexceedsmarginalcost.Thusthereisadeadweightloss,asshownbytheyellow-shadedarea.Thedemandcurveisdownward-sloping,sothezero-profitpointistotheleftofthepointofminimumaveragecost.ComparisonofMonopolisticallyCompetitiveEquilibriumandPerfectlyCompetitiveEquilibriumFigure12.2(continued)Inbothtypesofmarkets,entryoccursuntilprofitsaredriventozero.Inevaluatingmonopolisticcompetition,theseinefficienciesmustbebalancedagainstthegainstoconsumersfromproductdiversity.Chapter12:
MonopolisticCompetitionandOligopoly9of35Copyright2009PearsonEducation,Inc.PublishingasPrenticeHallMicroeconomicsPindyck/Rubinfeld,7e.MONOPOLISTICCOMPETITION12.1TABLE12.1ElasticitiesofDemandforBrandsofColasandCoffeeBrandElasticityofDemandColasRoyalCrown2.4Coke5.2to5.7GroundcoffeeFolgers6.4MaxwellHouse8.2ChockFulloNuts3.6WiththeexceptionofRoyalCrownandChockFulloNuts,allthecolasandcoffeesarequitepriceelastic.Withelasticitiesontheorderof4to8,eachbrandhasonlylimitedmonopolypower.Thisistypicalofmonopolisticcompetition.Chapter12:
MonopolisticCompetitionandOligopoly10of35Copyright2009PearsonEducation,Inc.PublishingasPrenticeHallMicroeconomicsPindyck
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 平狄克 微观经济学 课件 英文 12