英语六级真题含答案共3套.docx

英语六级真题含答案共3套.docx

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英语六级真题含答案共3套

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第

1套）

SectionC

Directions:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Amongthegovernment’smostinterestingreportsisonethatestimateswhatparentsspendon

theirchildren.Notsurprisingly,thecostsaresteep.Foramiddle-class,husband-and-wifefamily

（averagepretaxincomein2009:

$76,250）,spendingperchildisabout$12,000ayear.With

inflationthefamily’sspendingonachildwilltotal$286,050by.age17

Thedrystatisticsoughttoinformtheongoingdeficitdebate,becauseabudgetisnotjusta

catalogofprogramsandtaxes.Itreflectsasociety’sprioritiesandvalues.Oursocietydoesnot

despiterhetoric（说辞）tothecontrary—putmuchvalueonraisingchildren.Presentbudget

policiestaxparentsheavilytosupporttheelderly.Meanwhile,taxbreaksforchildrenaremodest.Ifdeficitreductionaggravatesthesebiases,moreAmericansmaychoosenottohavechildrenortohavefewerchildren.Downthatpathlieseconomicdecline.

havestagnant（萧条的）orshrinking

marketsforgoodsandservices.With

olderpopulations,

theyresistchange.Tostabilizeits

population—discounting

immigration—womenmusthavean

averageoftwochildren.That

’safertility2rate.0.Manyof

countrieswithstrugglingeconomies

arewellbelowthat.

Thoughhavingachildisa

deeply

personaldecision,it’shapedby

culture,religion,

economics,andgovernmentpolicy.

“Noaonegoodhanswer

”astowhyfertilityvariesamong

countries,sayssociologistAndrew

Cherlin

ofTheJohnsHopkinsUniversity.

Erodingreligious

beliefinEuropemaypartlyexplainloweredbirthrates.InJapanyoungwomenmayberebelling

againsttheirmothers’isolatedlives

ofchild

rearing.Generaloptimismandpessimismcount.

HopefulnessfueledAmerica’babys

boom.

AftertheSoviet

Union’collapse,saysCherlin,

“anxietyforthefuture”depressedbirthratesRussiaandinEasternEurope.

thenumberoffamilyworkersandprovidingsupportsforparentsintheiroldage.Inwealthysocieties,thelogicoftenreverses.Governmentnowsupportstheelderly,diminishingtheneedfor

children.Bysomestudies,thesafetynetsforretireeshavereducedfertilityratesby0.5childrenintheUnitedStatesandalmost1.0inWesternEurope,reportseconomistRobertSteininthejournal

NationalAffairs.Similarly,somecouplesdon’thavechildrenbecausetheydon’twanttosacrifice

theirownlifestylestothelimeandexpenseofafamily.

YoungAmericansalreadyfaceableaklabormarketthatcannotinstill（注入）confidence

abouthavingchildren.Pilingonhighertaxeswon’thelp,“Ifhighertaxesmakeitmoreexpensive

toraisechildren,”saysNicholasEberstadtoftheAmericanEnterpriseInstitute,“peopl

twiceabouthavinganotherchild.

tseems”likeThacommonsense,despitethemultipleinfluences

onbecomingparents.

注意：

此部分试题请在

答题卡

2上作答。

56.Whatdowelearnfromthegovernmentreport?

A）Inflationincreasesfamilies’expenses.

B）Raisingchildrenisgettingexpensive.

C）Budgetreductioninaroundthecorner.

D）Averagefamilyexpenditureisincreasing.

57.Whatissaidtobetheconsequenceofashrinkingpopulation?

A）Weakenednationalstrength.C）Economicdownturn.

B）Increasedimmigration.D）Socialinstability.

58.WhataccountedforAmerica’sbabyboom?

A）Optimismforthefuture.C）Religiousbeliefs.

B）Improvedlivingconditions.D）Economicprosperity.

59.Whydopeopleinwealthycountriesprefertohavefewerchildren?

A）Theywanttofurtherimprovetheireconomicwell-being.

B）Theycannotaffordthetimeandexpensesofrearingchildren.

C）Theyareconcernedaboutthefutureofthecominggeneration.

D）Theydon’trelyontheirchildrentosupporttheminoldage.

60.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthe?

passage

A）Toinstillconfidenceintheyoungaboutraisingchildren.

B）Toadvisecouplestothinktwicebeforehavingchildren.

C）Toencouragetheyoungtotakecareoftheelderly.

D）Toappealfortaxreductionforraisingchildren.

PassageTwo

Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Spaceexplorationhasalwaysbeentheprovinceofdreamers:

Thehumanimaginationreadilysoarswherehumaningenuity（创造力）strugglestofollow.AVoyagetotheMoon,oftencitedasthefirstsciencefictionstory,waswrittenbyCyranodeBergeracin1649.Cyranowasdeadandburiedforagoodthreecenturiesbeforethefirstmannedrocketsstartedtofly.

In1961,whenPresidentKennedydeclaredthatAmericawouldsendamantothemoonbythedecade’send,thosewords,too,hadadreamlikequality.Theyresonated（共鸣）withoptimism

andambitioninmuchthesamewayasthemostfamousdreamspeechofall,deliveredbyMartinLutherKingJr.twoyearslater.Bytheendofthedecade,bothvisionshadyieldedconcreteresultsandtransformedAmericansociety.Andyetinmanywaysthetwodreamsendedupatoddswith

eachother.Thefightforracialandeconomicequalityisintenselypragmatic（讲求实用的）and

immediateinitsimpact.Theurgetoexplorespaceisjusttheopposite.Itisfigurativelyandliterallyotherworldlyinitsaims.

Whenthedustsettled,thespacedreamerslostout.Therewasnograndfollow-uptotheApollomissions.Thetechnologicallycompromisedspaceshuttleprogramhasjustcometoanend,withnosuccessor.Theperpetualargumentisthatfundsaretight,thatwehavemorepressingproblemshereonEarth.Amidthecurrentconcernsaboutthefederaldeficit,reachingtowardthe

starsseemsadispensableluxury—asifsavingone-thousandthofasingleyear’budgetswouldsolveourproblems.

Buthumaningenuitystruggleson.NASAisdevelopingaseriesofroboticprobesthatwill

getthemostbangfromabuck.TheywillserveasmodemMagellans,mappingoutthesolarsystemforwhateverexplorersfollow,whethermanormachine.Ontheflipside,companieslikeVirginGalacticareplottingabottom-upassaultonthespacedreambymakingitarealitytothepublic.Privatespaceflightcouldliewithinreachofrichciviliansinafewyears.Anotherdecade

ortwoanditcouldgomainstream.

Thespacedreamersendupbenefitingallofus—notjustbecauseofthewaytheyexpandhumanknowledge,orbecauseofthespin-offtechnologiestheyproduce,butbecausethetwotypesofdreamsfeedoffeachother.BothMartinLutherKingandJohnKennedyappealedtotheideathathumanscantranscendwhatwereonceconsideredinherentlimitations.Todaywefaceseemingchallengesinenergy,theenvironment,healthcare.Tomorrowwewilltranscendtheseaswell,andthedreamerswilldeservealotofthecredit.Themoreevidencewecollectthatourspeciesiscapableofgreatness,themorewewillactuallyachieveit.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

61.TheauthormentionsCyranodeBergeracinordertoshowthat_________.

A）imaginationisthemotherofinvention

B）ingenuityisessentialforsciencefictionwriters

C）ittakespatienceforhumanstorealizetheirdreams

D）dreamershavealwaysbeeninterestedinsciencefiction

62.HowdidthegeneralpublicviewKennedy’sspaceexplorationplan?

A）ItsymbolizedtheAmericanspirit.

B）Itwasasurgentasracialequality.

C）Itsoundedverymuchlikeadream.

D）Itmadeanancientdreamcometrue.

63.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutAmerica’saimtoexplorespace?

A）Itmaynotbringaboutimmediateeconomicgains.

B）Itcannotberealizedwithouttechnologicalinnovation.

C）Itwillnothelptherealizationofracialandeconomicequality.

D）Itcannotbeachievedwithoutagoodknowledgeoftheotherworlds.

64.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspaceprograms?

A）Critical.C）Unbiased.B）Reserved.D）Supportive.

65.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheproblemsfacinghumanbeings?

A）Theyposeaseriouschallengetofuturehumanexistence.

B）Theycanbesolvedsoonerorlaterwithhumaningenuity.

C）Theirsolutionsneedjointeffortsofthepublicandprivatesectors.

D）Theycanonlybesolvedbypeoplewithoptimismandambition.

56~60BCADD61~65ACADB

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第

2套）

SectionC

PassageOne

Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

TherewasatimenotlongagowhennewsciencePh.D.sintheUnitedStateswereexpectedtopursueacareerpathinacademia（学术界）.Buttoday,mostgraduatesendupworkingoutsideacademia,notonlyinindustrybutalsoincareerssuchassciencepolicy,communications,and

patentlaw.Partlythisisaresultofhowbleaktheacademicjobmarketis,butthere'salsoarisingawarenessofcareeroptionsthatPh.D.scientistshaven'ttrainedfordirectly—butforwhichtheyhaveusefulknowledge,skills,andexperience.Still,there'sahugedisconnectbetweenthewaywe

currentlytrainscientistsandtheactualemploymentopportunitiesavailableforthem,andanurgentneedfordramaticimprovementsintrainingprogramstohelpclosethegap.Onecritical

stepthatcouldhelptodrivechangewouldbetorequirePh.D.studentsandpostdoctoralscientiststofollowanindividualdevelopmentplan（IDP）.

In2002theU.S.FederationofAmericanSocietiesforExperimentalBiologyrecommendedthat

everypostdoctoralresearcherputtogetheranIDPmconsultationwithanadviser.Sincethen,severalacademicinstitutionshavebeguntorequireIDPsforpostdocsAndinJune,theU.S.NationalInstitutesofHealth（NIH）Biomedical