英语修辞.Euphemism.ppt
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英语修辞.Euphemism.ppt
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EnglishRhetoricEnglishRhetoricFiguresofRelationshipFiguresofRelationshipFiguresofRelationship9.Euphemism委婉9.Euphemism委婉SeeP221Euphemism-eu:
good;pheme:
word;ism:
idea,fromGreekword“euphemismos”meaning“goodspeech”,istheuseofapleasant,politeorharmlesssoundingwordorexpressiontomakeharsh,rudeorinfamoustruths.A.Death,illness,oldage1)todie:
topassaway;(逝世了)todepart;(去世了)togotosleep;togotoheaven;togotothenextworld;togowest;(归西了)(moretocome)A.Death,illness,oldagetogotoglory:
(升天了)tojointhemajority(去见祖先了)tobegone(逝世了)tobenomore(不在了)AndChinese:
谁来料理他的后事?
后事?
A.Death,illness,oldage2)oldage,senility:
gettingon(inyears);pastonesprime;feelingonesage;secondchildhoodOldpeople:
seniorcitizensStupidpupil,Fatpeople3)stupidpupil:
aslowlearner;under-achiever;cerebrallychallenged4)Fatpeople:
weight-watchers;peopleofgenerousgirthwearersofplus-sizeclothesB.Toilethabits,etc.1)tourinateortodefecate:
togothebathroom;dotheirbusiness;answernaturescall;(infants)sitonthepotty;(dogs)makingamess(intheparks,onthestreets)Toilet2)Menslavatory:
Gents;thejohn(e.g.IsawJohncomeintothejohn.)thewashroom;head(navy);watercloset(W.C.)Toilet3)WomenslavatoryLadies;thepowderroom;Mrs.JonesC.Povertyandunemployment1)DISMISS,SACK;layoff;easesb.out;give/getthewalkingticket;pinkslipC.Povertyandunemployment2)penniless:
Outofpocket;hardup;inreducedcircumstances;badlyoffC.Povertyandunemployment3)indebt:
indifficulties;inembarrassingobligationto4)thepoor:
thehave-nots;theunderprivileged5)unemploymentmother:
welfaremother6)livingondole:
onrelief;onwelfarebenefits7)slums:
sub-standardhousingD.Menialjobsorprofessionsoflowsocialstanding1)amaid,housekeeper,etc.domestichelp;day-help;live-inhelp2)chiefwaiter,waitress:
captain;hostess3)realestateagent:
realtor(不动产经纪人)4)hairdresser:
beautician;hair-stylist;hairdresserD.Menialjobsorprofessionsoflowsocialstanding6)undertaker(殡葬者):
mortician;personindeathcareindustry7)rat-catcher:
pestcontroloperator;exterminatingengineer(扑灭老鼠工程师);D.MenialjobsorprofessionsoflowsocialstandingThemotivehereisplainlyto“uplift”theseprofessionsbyname,ifnotbystatus.Itreflectsasenseofinferiorityaswellasastrivingfor“betterthings.”E.Politicalandmilitaryactivities1)lies:
terminologicalinexactitude;2)aggression:
preemptiveaction;policeaction3)retreat,rout:
phasedwithdrawal4)admitdefeat:
concedethevictoryto5)concentrationcamps:
strategicvillagesorhamletsF.Somerecentexamplesforeuphemism1)todyehair:
totintorcolorhair2)manicurist:
anailtechnician3)janitor(gatekeeper):
superintendent;custodian4)short,nottall:
verticallychallengedF.Somerecentexamplesforeuphemism5)notbeautiful:
aestheticallychallenged6)mistress(ofmarriedman):
outsidewife7)roguestates:
statesofconcern8)secretedisease:
sexualdiseaseMoreexamples1)aplainface:
anuglygirl2)weartheapronhigh:
pregnant3)hardofhearing:
deafHomeworkCollectmoreexamplesforeuphemism
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