工程材料常用词汇表中英文.docx
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工程材料常用词汇表中英文.docx
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工程材料常用词汇表中英文
工程材料常用词汇表
A
奥氏体austenite
奥氏体本质晶粒度austeniteinhorentgrainsize
奥氏体化austenitization,austenitiizing
B
白口铸铁whitecastiron
白铜whitebrass,copper-nickelalloy
板条马氏体lathmartensite
棒材bar
包晶反应peritecticreaction
薄板thinsheet
薄膜技术thinfilmtechnique
贝氏体bainite
本质晶粒度inherentgrainsize
比强度strength-to-weightratic
变质处理inoculation,modification
变质剂modifyingagent,modificator
表面处理surfacetreatment
表面粗糙度surfaceroughness
表面淬火surfacequenching
表面腐蚀surfacecorrosion
表面硬化surfacehardening
玻璃glass
玻璃态vitreousstate,glassstate
玻璃钢glassfiberreinforcedplastics
玻璃纤维glassfiber
不可热处理的non-heat-treatable
不锈钢stainlesssteel
布氏硬度Brinellhardness
C
材料强度strengthofmaterial
残余奥氏体residualaustenite
残余变形residualdeformation
残余应力residualstress
层状珠光体lamellarpearlite
超导金属superconductingmetal
成核nucleate,nucleation
成形forming,shaping
成长growth,growing
磁材料magneticmaterials
冲击韧性impacttoughness
纯铁pureiron
粗晶粒coarsegrain
脆性brittleness
脆性断裂brittlefracture
淬火quenching,quench
淬透性hardenability
淬硬性hardenability
D
带材baud,strip
单晶singlecrystal,unitcrystal
单体monomer,element
氮化层nitrationcase
氮化物nitride
刀具cuttingtool
导磁性magneticconductivity
导电性electricconductivity
导热性heatconductivity,thermalconductivity
导体conductor
等离子堆焊plasmasurfacing
等离子弧喷涂plasmaspraying
等离子增强化学气相沉积Plasmachemicalvapourdeposition(PCVD)
等温转变曲线isothermaltransformationcurve
低合金钢lowalloysteel
低碳钢lowcarbonsteel
低碳马氏体lowcarbon?
martensite
低温回火lowtempering
点阵常数gratingconstant,latticeconstant
电镀electroplating,galvanize
电弧喷涂electricarcspraying
电子显微镜electronmicroscope
定向结晶directionalsolidificationS
端淬试验endquenchingtest
断口分析fractureanalysis
断裂强度breakingstrength,fracturestrength
断裂韧性fracturetoughness
断面收缩率contractionofcrosssectionalarea,
锻造forge,forging,smithing
多晶体polycrystal
E
二次硬化secondaryhardening
二元合金binaryalloy,two-componentalloy
F
防锈的rust-proot,rustresistant
非金属non-metal,nonmetal
非晶态amorphousstats
分子键molecularbond
分子结构molecularstructure
分子量molecularweight
酚醛树脂bakelite,phenolicresin
粉末治金powdermetallurgy
粉末复合材料particulatecomposite
腐蚀corrosion,corrode,etch,etching
腐蚀剂corrodent,corrosive,etchant
复合材料compositematerial
G
感应淬火inductionquenching
刚度rigidity,stiffness
钢steel
钢板steelplate
钢棒steelbar
钢锭steelingot
钢管steeltube,steelpipe
钢丝steelwire
钢球steelball
杠杆定理leverrule,leverprinciple
高分子聚合物highpolymer,superpolymer
高合金钢highalloysteel
高锰钢highmanganesssteel
高频淬火highfrequencyquenching
高速钢highspeedsteel,quick-cuttingsteel
高碳钢high-carbonsteel
高碳马氏体highcarbonmartensite
高弹态elastomer
高温回火hightempering
各向同性isotropy
各向异性anisotropy,anisotropism
工程材料engineeringmaterial
工具钢toolsteel
工业纯铁industrialpureiron
工艺technology
共价键covalentbond
共晶体eutectic
共晶反应eutecticreaction
共析体eutectoid
共析钢eatectoidsteel
功能材料functionalmaterials
固溶处理solidsolutiontreatment
固溶强化solutionstrengthening
固溶体solidsolution
固相solidphase
光亮热处理brightheattreatment
滚珠轴承钢ballbearingsteel
过饱和固溶体supersaturatedsolidsolution
过共晶合金hypereutecticalloy
过共析钢hypereutectoidsteel
过冷over-cooling,supercooling
过冷奥氏体supercooledaustenite
过冷度degreeofsupercooling
过热overheat,superheat
H
焊接welding,weld
航空材料aerialmaterial
合成纤维syntheticfiber
合金钢alloysteel
合金化alloying
合金结构钢structuralalloysteel
黑色金属ferrousmetal
红硬性redhardness
滑移slip,glide
滑移方向glidedirection,slipdirection
滑移面glideplane,slipplane
滑移系slipsystem
化合物compound
化学气相沉积chemicalvapoureposition(CVD)
化学热处理chemicalheattreatment
J
基体matrix
机械混合物mechanicalmixture
机械性能mechanicalproperty
激光热处理heattreatmentwithalaserbeam
激光laser
激光熔凝lasermeltingandconsolidation
激光表面硬化surfacehardeningbylaserbeam
加工硬化workhardening
加热heating
胶粘剂adhesive
结构材料structuralmaterial
结晶crystallize,crystallization
结晶度crystallinity
金属材料metalmaterial
金属化合物metalliccompound
金属键metallicbond
金属组织metalstructure
金属结构metallicframework
金属塑料复合材料plastimets
金属塑性加工metalplastic?
working
金属陶瓷metalceramic
金相显微镜metallographicmicroscope,metalloscope
金相照片metallograph
晶胞cell
晶格crystallattice
晶格常数latticeconstant
晶格空位latticevacancy
晶粒crystalgrain
晶粒度grainsize
晶粒细化grainrefining
晶体结构crystalstructure
聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)
聚合度degreeofpolymerization
聚合反应polymerization
绝热材料heat-insulatingmaterial
绝缘材料insulatingmaterial
K
抗拉强度tensilestrength
抗压强度compressionstrength
颗粒复合材料particlecomposite
扩散diffusion,diffuse
L
老化aging
莱氏体ledeburite
冷变形colddeformation
冷加工coldwork,coldworking
冷却cool,cooling
冷作硬化coldhardening
离子ion
粒状珠光体granularpearlite
连续转变曲线continuouscoolingtransformation(CCT)curve
孪晶twincrystal
孪生twinning,twin
螺旋位错helicaldislocation
洛氏硬度Rockwellhardness
M
马氏体martensite(M)
密排六方晶格close-packedxagonallattice(C.P.H.)
面心立方晶格face-centredcubiclattice(F.C.C.)
摩擦friction
磨损wear,abrade,abrasion
模具钢diesteel
Mf点martensitefinishingpoint
Ms点martensitestartingpoint
N
纳米材料nanostructuredmaterials
耐磨钢wear-resistingsteel
耐磨性wearability,wearresistance
耐热钢heatresistantsteel,hightemperaturesteel
内耗internalfriction
内应力internalstress
尼龙nylon
粘弹性viscoelasticity
凝固solidify,solidification
扭转强度torsionalstrength
扭转疲劳强度torsionalfatiguestrength
P
泡沫塑料foamplastics,expandedplastics
配位数coordinationnumber
喷丸硬化shot-peening
疲劳强度fatiguestrength
疲劳寿命fatiguelife
片状马氏体lamellarmartensite,platetypemartensite
普通碳钢ordinarysteel,plaincarbonsteel
Q
气体渗碳gascarburizing
切变shear
切削cut,cutting
切应力shearingstress
球化退火spheroidizingannealing
球墨铸铁nodulargraphitecastiron,spheroidalgraphitecastiron
球状珠光体globularpearlite
屈服强度yieldingstrength,yieldstrength
屈强比yielding-to-tensileratio
屈氏体troolstite(T)
去应力退火reliefannealing
R
热处理heattreatment
热加工hotwork,hotworking
热喷涂thermalspraying
热固性thermosetting
热塑性hotplasticity
热硬性thermohardening
柔顺性flexibility
人工时效artificialageing
刃具cuttingtool
刃型位错edgedislacation,bladedislocation
韧性toughness
溶质solute
溶剂solvent
蠕变creep
蠕墨铸铁quasiflakegraphitecastiron
软氮化softnitriding
S
扫描电镜scanningelectronmicroscope(SEM)
上贝氏体upperbainite
渗氮nitriding
渗硫sulfurizing
渗碳carburizing,carburization
渗碳体cementite(Cm)
失效failure
石墨graphite(G)
时间-温度转变曲线timetemperaturetransformation(TTT)curve
时效硬化age-hardening
实际晶粒度actualgrainsize
使用寿命servicelife
使用性能usability
树枝状晶dendrite
树脂resin
双金属bimetal,duplexmetal
水淬waterquenching,waterhardening,waterquench
松弛relax,relaxation
塑料plastics
塑性plasticity,ductility
塑性变形plasticdeformation
索氏体sorbite(S)
T
弹簧钢springsteel
弹性elasticity,spring
弹性变形elasticdeformation
弹性极限elasticlimit
弹性模量elasticmodulus
碳素钢carbonsteel
碳含量carboncontent
碳化物carbide
碳素工具钢carbontoolsteel
陶瓷ceramic
陶瓷材料ceramicmaterial
体心立方晶格body-centeredcubiclattice(B.C.C.)
体型聚合物three-dimensionalpolymer
调质处理quenchingandtempering
调质钢quenchedandtemperedsteel
铁碳平衡图iron-carbonequilibriumdiagram
透明(结晶)陶瓷crystallineceramics
同素异构转变allotropictransformation
涂层coat,coating
退火anneal,annealing
托氏体troostite(T)
W
弯曲bend,bending
完全退火fullannealing
微观组织microstructure
维氏硬度Vickershardness
未经变质处理的uninoculated
温度temperature
无定形的amorphous
物理气相沉积physicalvapourdeposition(PVD)
X
下贝氏体lowerbainite
线型聚合物linearpolymer
纤维fibre,fiber
纤维增强复合材料filamentreinforcedcomposite
显微照片metallograph,microphotograph,micrograph
显微组织microscopicstructure,microstructure
橡胶rubber
相phase
相变phasetransition
相图phasediagram
消除应力退火stressreliefannealing
形状记忆合金Shapememoryalloys
形变deformation
性能performance,property
X射线结构分析X-raystructuralanalysis
Y
压力加工presswork
亚共晶铸铁hypoeutecticcastiron
亚共析钢hypoeutectoidsteel
氧化物陶瓷oxideceramics
延伸率elongationpercentage
盐溶淬火saltbothquenching
液相liquidphase
应变strain
应力stress
应力场强度因子stressintensityfactror
应力松弛relaxationofstress
硬质合金carbidealloy,hardalloy
油淬oilquenching,oilhardening
有机玻璃methyl-methacrylate,plexiglass
有色金属nonferrousmetal
匀晶uniformgrain
孕育处理inoculation,modification
Z
再结晶退火recrystallizationannealing
载荷load
增强塑料reinforcedplastics
针状马氏体acicularmartensite
正火normalize,normalization
致密度tightness
支化型聚合物branchedpolymer
智能材料intelligentmaterials
中合金钢mediumalloysteel
轴承钢bearingsteel
轴承合金bearingalloy
珠光体pearlite(P)
柱状晶体columnarcrystal
铸造cast,foundry
自然时效naturalageing
自由能freeenergy
组元component,constituent
组织structure
α钛合金αtitaniumalloy
—END—
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