份大学英语1第2次.docx
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份大学英语1第2次.docx
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份大学英语1第2次
2017年12月份大学英语
(1)-(-第2次-)
第2次作业
一、阅读理解(本大题共100分,共5小题,每小题20分)
1.
Thereisawidespreadbeliefthatpeoplewhogetoninlifemaybesuccessfulnotbecausetheydeserveit,butbecauseofinfluentialfriendsortherightbackground.Sometimesitmayjustbeacomfortingandharmlessbelief,whileattheotherextremeitcanbeverydestructive.Ioncemetabrilliantyoungengineerwhoworkedinachemicalplant.Becauseofherknowledgeandexperience,sheshouldhavebeenpromotedtoProductionManager.Instead,thejobwenttoamanwhowastotallyunsuitedforthepost.Everyoneknewthatheonlygotitbecausehewaspoliticallyacceptabletohissuperiors.Thisinjusticedemoralizedtheyoungengineerandmanyofhercolleagues.Italsomeantthatthefactorywasmuchlessefficientthanitcouldhavebeen.
Allthesame,weshouldnotbepessimistic.Moreandmore,themodernworlddependsonhavingpeoplewhoareinthejobbecausetheyaregoodenough,notjustbecausetheirfacefits.Thereisastoryofafactoryownerwhosentforanengineertoseetoamachine,whichwouldnotgo.Heexaminedit,thentookoutahammerandtappedit,once.Themachinestartedupimmediately.Whenhepresentedhisbill,theownerprotested,"Thiscan'tberight!
$100justfortappingamachinewithahammer?
"Theengineerwroteoutanewbill:
"Fortappingamachine,$1;forknowingwheretotapit,$99."
(1).
Itisbelievedthatsomepeoplehavesucceededinlifebecause____.
A.
theyfeelsuperiortoothers
B.
theyarebothinfluentialandpowerful
C.
theyhavesomespecialadvantages
D.
theyhaveapoorbackground
(2).
Theengineeratthechemicalplantwasnotpromotedbecause____.
A.
itismoredifficultforawomantogetapromotionthanforhermalecolleagues
B.
herbossdidnotthinkshehadtherightqualificationsforthejob
C.
themanwhogothispromotionwasmoreexperiencedthanshewas
D.
herbossesdidnotapproveofherpoliticalviewsandopinions
(3).
Theengineerwhorepairedthemachinewasrighttocharge$100because____.
A.
hewastheonlypersonwhocouldfindoutwhatwaswrongwithit
B.
thefactoryownercouldnothaverepairedithimself
C.
hehitthemachinetogetitstartedagain
D.
hewaschargingforhisknowledgeandexpertskills
(4).
Theauthor'sattitudetowardthewidespreadbeliefis____.
A.
positive
B.
negative
C.
neutral
D.
sympathetic
(5).
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?
____
A.
Havinginfluentialfriendsorrightbackgroundseemshelpfulsometimes.
B.
Theengineerhadgoodreasontooverchargethefactoryowner.
C.
Notallthosewhoaregoodintheirjobshavethechancetobepromoted.
D.
Thosewhoaregoodintheirjobarestilllargelyneededbythemodernsociety.
2.
Inthe1940s,urbanAmericansbeganamassmovetothesuburbsinsearchoffreshair,elbowroomandprivacy.Suburbsbegantosprawloutacrossthecountryside,sincemostofthosemakingthemoveweremiddle-class,theytookwiththemthetaxmoneythecitiesneededtomaintaintheneighborhood,inwhichtheyhadlived.Thepeopleleftinthecitieswereoftenthosewhoweretoooldortoopoortomove.Thus,manycitiesbegantofallintodisrepair.Crimebegantosoar,andpublictransportationwasneglected.(Inthepastsixtyyears,SanFranciscoistheonlycityintheUnitedStatestohavecompletedanewmasstransitsystem.)Meanwhile,housingconstructioncostscontinuedtorisehigherandhigher.Middle-classhousingwasallowedtodecay,andlittlenewhousingwasconstructed.
Eventually,manydowntownareasexistedforbusinessonly.Duringthedaytheywouldbefilledwithpeopleworkingintheofficesandatnighttheywouldbedeserted.Giventhesecircumstances,somebusinessexecutivesbeganasking,"Whybotherwithgoingdowntownatall?
Whynotmovetheofficestothesuburbssothatwecanliveandworkinthesamearea?
"Graduallysomeofthelargercompaniesbeganmovingoutofthecities,withtheresultthaturbancentersdeclinedevenfurtherandthesuburbsexpandedstillmore.ThismovementofbusinessestothesuburbsisnotconfinedtotheUnitedStates.BusinesseshavealsobeenmovingtothesuburbsinStockholm,Sweden,inBonn,Germany,andinBrussels,Belgiumaswell
(1).
Whatdidthecitylosewhenthosepeoplemovedouttothesuburbs?
____
A.
houses
B.
cars
C.
jobs
D.
taxmoney
(2).
Whatarenottheresultingeffectsoncitieswhenthosepeoplemovedout?
____
A.
Thereweremorecrimes.
B.
Citieswereinabadcondition.
C.
Onlyonemasstransitsystemwascompleted.
D.
Somesmallcompaniesmovedinwhilelargeronesmovedout.
(3).
Accordingtothepassage,thesuburbs____.
A.
weredesertedatnight
B.
weredesertedatnight
C.
hadahighconstructioncost
D.
hadsomedeclinedbusinesscenter
(4).
WhichofthefollowingstatementsareTrueaccordingtothepassage?
____
A.
SomecompaniesintheUnitedStatesmovedtoSweden,GermanyandBelgium.
B.
Freshair,spaciousroomandbeingawayfromothersattractpeopletomovetothesuburbs.
C.
Peoplewouldn'tpaytaxwhentheymovedoutofcities.
D.
Theneighborhoodshouldbemaintainedbyoldandpoorpeople.
(5).
Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
____
A.
UrbanRenewal
B.
SuburbanSprawl
C.
Effectsofthemovetothesuburbs
D.
DevelopmentoftheSuburbs
3.
MountainclimbersaroundtheworlddreamaboutgoingupMountEverest(珠穆朗玛峰).Itisthehighestmountainintheworld.Butmanypeoplewhohaveclimbedthemountainhaveleftwastematerialthatisharmingtheenvironment.
AteamofAmericansisplanningthelargestclean-upefforteveronMountEverest.Theywillmaketheriskytripupthemountainnextmonth.
TheteamofeightAmericanswillbeguidedbymorethantwentySherpasofNepal(尼泊尔夏尔巴人).Theirgoalistoremoveallthetrash(废物,垃圾)theysee.Theywillspendtwomonthscleaningupthemountainbygatheringoxygenbottles,fuelcontainers,batteries,drinkcans,humanwasteandotherkindsoftrash.Theyareexpectedtoremoveatleastthreetonsoftrashinlargebags.
TeamleaderRobertHoffmanismakinghisfourthtripupthemountain.HesayshehopestobringEveresttotheconditionitwasinbeforethefirstsuccessfulclimbfiftyyearsago.Hesayshehopestheeffortwillinfluenceotherpeopletocleanuptheenvironmentcloserhome.
HumanwasteonEverestisamajorconcern.Sotheclean-upteamwilltakealongnewlydevelopedequipmenttocollectandtreathumanwaste.Overtheyears,thewastearticleshavepollutedthemountain.Inthewarmseasonwhentheicemelts,thepollutedwaterflowstoNepalivillagesbelow.TheproblemhasgottenworseinrecentyearsbecauseclimbingEveresthasbecomemorepopular.
(1).
WhatarethoseAmericansconcernedaboutwhentheyareplanningthetripupMountEverest?
____
A.
Theenvironmentpollutionofthemountain.
B.
Thesuccessinclimbingupthemountain.
C.
Theequipmentfortheirtriptothemountain.
D.
Therisksfacingtheclimbersofthemountain.
(2).
Fromthepassagewecanlearnthattheclean-upeffort____.
A.
isopposedbythelocalpeople
B.
isthelargestonesupportedbyNepal
C.
isencouragedbytheAmericangovernment
D.
isthegreatestoneevermadeonMountEverest
(3).
WhatdoestheAmericanteamplantodoonthetripupthemountain?
____
A.
TomakeEverestevencleanerthanitwas.
B.
Totellclimbersnottoleavewastematerials.
C.
Totakeawayallthetrashtheycouldfindthere.
D.
Tocollectandtreathumanwastebeforetheicemelted.
(4).
TeamleaderMr.HoffmanhopestoturnMountEverestinto____.
A.
itsformerstateafewyearsago
B.
itsoriginalconditionhalfacenturyago
C.
aplacewithnopollutionatall
D.
thecleanestmountainintheworld
(5).
Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthispassage?
____
A.
ARiskyTripUpMountEverest
B.
PollutiononMountEverest
C.
MountEverest—Clean-upEffort
D.
RobertHoffmanandHisClean-upTeam
4.
SincefoundinghisMicrosoftcomputersoftwarecompanyin1975,BillGates,thispale-skinned,soft-handedlittlegeniushasturnedthecompanyintoatransnationalmonsterwithamarketcapitalizationof$US38billionvaluethatmakesitbiggerthanFord,GeneralMotorsorBoeing.BillGates’sown30percentshareofthecompanyhasmadehim,at38,thesecondrichestindividualintheUS,worthsomewhereabout$9billion.
Forbesmagazinerecentlyestimatedthat,ifyouconvertedhispersonalwealthintoRollsRoyces,theywouldstretchnose-to-tailfromSeattle,Microsoft’shometown,toVancouverinCanada,adistanceof500kilometers.Gatesandhiswifewillbemovingintoa$US25millionhouseontheshoreofLakeWashington.
Microsoftempire,whichwasfoundedonthemotto"Acomputeroneverydeskandineveryhome,runningMicrosoftSoftware"."Sometimeswe’ddropthe‘ineveryhome’bit,"Gatessays,"andsometimeswe’ddropthe‘runningMicrosoft’bit,dependingonwhoweweretalkingto."Inthe18yearssincehefirstsuspectedthatthemicroprocessorchipwasgoingtochangetheworld,Gates’svisionhasprovedremarkablyprescient.Aswellasbusinessundergoingcomputerization,aquarterofAmericanhomesnowcontainapersonalcomputerorPC,withasmanyagainplanningtobuyoneinthenexttwoyears.TheymaynotallberunningMicrosoftprograms,butabout90percentofthemare.
EvensoGatesadmitsithasbeenalongerwaitthanheoriginallyanticipated.Hethoughtthatcomputerdevelopmentswouldhappenmuch
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