山东省菏泽市学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题.docx
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山东省菏泽市学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题.docx
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山东省菏泽市学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题
【全国市级联考】山东省菏泽市2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题
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一、阅读选择
EasyHabitsThatHelpYouLiveLonger
♦Goforajog
Amongallthethingsyoucandotoachievelongevity,oneofthemostcriticalistoexercise.Aerobicactivity,likerunning,isimportantforgettingyourbloodpumpingandyourheartworking.Arecentstudyshowedthataone-hourrunaddssevenhourstoyourlife,uptofourhoursperweek.Peoplewhorunhavea25to40percentreducedriskofearlydeath,andliveaboutthreeyearslonger.
♦Getmoresun—butnottoomuch
The“Sunshinevitamin”-vitaminD,thatis-hasbeenshowntofightdisease,improvebonehealth,andavoiddepression.Onestudyevenfoundittoextendlifespanby33percent.ButbecausevitaminDcomesfromthesun,andourmodemlivesdon'tletusspendmuchtimeoutside,wemightnotbegettingenough.Getting15to30minutesofsunexposureadayshouldbeenoughforvitaminDproduction.
♦Eatmoreplantprotein
ArecentstudyfromHarvardfoundthatpeoplewhoateadiethighinprocessedmeatslikeham,wereatahigherriskofdeath—butthosewhogottheirproteinfromplantshadalowerrisk,especiallyofheartdisease-relateddeaths.Thestudysaidthatforeverythreepercentincreaseincaloriesfromplantproteintherewasareductioninriskofdeathby10percent.
♦Eatnuts
Althoughyoumaythinknutsareunhealthybecausetheyarecaloricallyhigh,theexactoppositeistrue—theycanactuallyextendyourlife.AstudyfromHarvardfoundthatdailynut-eaterswere20percentlesslikelytodieduringthestudy.Specifically,theratesofdeathfromheartandbreathingdiseasewerereduced.Otherresearchhasshownwalnutshaveahugeroleinhearthealthbecauseoftheamountofantioxidants(抗氧剂)theycontain.
1.Howlongcanyouextendyourlifeinaweekbyrunning?
A.1hour.B.4hours.
C.7hours.D.28hours.
2.Whatisspecialaboutpropersunshinecomparedwiththeotherthreetips?
A.Itlengthslife.
B.Itbenefitsbone.
C.Itfightsheartdiseases.
D.Itmakesbreathingsystemhealthy.
3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthelasttwotips?
A.Plantfoodisbetterthanmeat.
B.Heartdiseasecausesthemostdeaths.
C.Nutsareunhealthyfood.
D.Properdietsimprovehealth.
LastyearsheandIrescuedseveralhurtstreetbabydogsandwehadthehomelessmommadogvaccinated(接种疫苗)byalocalanimalrescuehereinMumbai,Indiawhereweliveasforeigners.Wehavebeenmeaningtogovolunteeratthesheltereversince.Iwasrecentlyfeelingthepushtoservemore,soIscheduledaSaturdayvisit.
Mydaughterhadsocialinvitesandwastorn,butshealsofeltthepushtovisitthesheltersoplannedtogojoinherfriendslaterintheday.Wepiledupoldblankets,sheetsandpillowstotakealonganddonate.Onarrivingandtouringwemet500dogsand200catsbeingcaredforatthisshelter.
Afterthetourweservedmealstothepuppiesinthesick/injuredpuppyward.Weheldandcomfortedthosewhowouldclearlysurvivetheirinjuriesandseveralwhoweresosickthatthevolunteervetonhandsaidtheyhada50/50chanceofbeingalivenextweek.Thenweledtwosick,abandonedyoungkittenswithaneyedropper.
WhilefeedingtheanimalsIwatchedtheworkerswhowerecleaningoutsomeofthedoghouseswithhealthydogswhowouldbereturnedtothestreets.Iwassotouchedbyhowoftentheystoppedintheirdutytopetandplaywiththesedogs.Themanyworkersandvolunteersarepaidnothingtosupporttheseanimalsandtheydoitwithsuchlove.
MydaughterandIstayedfor4-5hours,beyondthetimeshehadscheduledtomeetfriendsforlunch.Shechosetoskiphersocialdateandspendmoretimewiththeseanimalsdespitethetoughconditions.Tiredanddirty,wefeltblessedtosharesometimewithpeoplewhocaredeeplyforrelievingthesufferingofsomanyvulnerablebeings.
4.Whydidtheauthorplantopayavisittotheshelter?
A.Toapplytobeavolunteer.
B.Torescuehurtstreetbabydogs.
C.Totreathomelessmommadogs.
D.Todomoreworkforhomelessanimals.
5.Howwouldthehurtanimalsintheshelterend?
A.Notallofthemcouldkeepalive.
B.Theirlifewouldcometonormal.
C.Theywouldlivetherealltheirlife.
D.Theywouldbeadoptedbypeople.
6.Whywastheauthordeeplymovedwhilevolunteering?
A.Theanimalsledahappylifeintheshelter.
B.Somanyhealthyanimalswouldgotostreets.
C.Theworkersshoweddeeplovetotheanimals.
D.Theworkersarepaidlittletodotheirwork.
7.Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthor’sdaughter?
A.Sheforgotherappointment.
B.Shemissedherappointment.
C.Shetriedtoavoidherappointment.
D.Shewaseagertoreturntocareforanimals.
RenownedBritishphysicistStephenHawkingdiedpeacefullyathishomeintheBritishuniversitycityofCambridgeinMarch14atage76.
Hawking,whose1988book“ABriefHistoryofTime”becameanunlikelyworldwidebestsellerandcemented(奠定)hissuperstarstatus,dedicatedhislifetounlockingthesecretsoftheUniverse.HeheldthepostofLucasianProfessorofMathematicsattheUniversityofCambridge,whichisapositionthatwasonceheldbySirIsaacNewton.
Bornin1942inOxford,wherehisparentsspentthefinalmonthsofpregnancytoavoidthebombingsofLondon,Hawkingwassaidtohavebeenagoodstudentalthoughitwasn’tuntilhewasinhis20sthathistruepotentialbegantoreallyshinethrough.HavinginitiallywantedtostudyMathematics,StephenHawkingchose,instead,toreadnaturalscienceswithemphasisonPhysics.
HavingfoundUniversitylifeboring,somuchsothathejoinedtheUniversityrowingteamtorelievetheboredom,itwasonlyfollowinganoralexaminationthathewasawardedafirstclassdegree.
WhileatCambridge,Hawkingwasdiagnosedwithamotorneurone(神经元)disease.Hewasinitiallygiventwotothreeyearstolive.Theillnessgraduallyrobbedhimofmobility,leavinghimconfinedtoawheelchair,almostcompletelyparalysedandunabletospeakexceptthroughhistrademarkvoicesynthesiser(合成器).
StephenHawkingledanincredibleandwelldocumentedlife.HewasreferredtoinmanyTVprograms,films,andevensongs,andappearedashimselfinanumberofprogramsincludingRedDwarfandtheBigBangTheory.Hisgeniusandwitwonoverfansfromfarbeyondtheworldofastrophysics(天体物理学),earningcomparisonswithAlbertEinsteinandSirIsaacNewton.
8.Whichofthefollowingistrueabout“ABriefHistoryofTime”?
A.Itisnotpopularwithcommonreaders.B.Itisaboutthesecretsoftheuniverse.
C.ItmainlydealswithMathematicalproblems.D.Itwasimpossibletobeabestseller.
9.WhydidHawkingjointheUniversityrowingteam?
A.Toimprovehishealth.B.Tomakehisuniversitylifelessboring.
C.Toimprovehisgradeinuniversity.D.Toreducetheeffectofhisdisease.
10.WhatdowelearnaboutStephenHawkingfromthelastparagraph?
A.Hedidn’tliketoappearinanyprograms.
B.Heisonlyrecognizedintheworldofastrophysics.
C.HeisnotasfamousasAlbertEinsteinandSirIsaacNewton.
D.Hewasmulti-talented.
11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.LifeandachievementsofStephenHawking.
B.ThedeathofStephenHawking.
C.EarlylifeofStephenHawking.
D.StephenHawkingandhiswork.
GardenpartiesareoneofthetraditionsthatbeganintheUnitedKingdomandFranceanumberofcenturiesago.BoththeBritishandFrenchversionshaverootsintheweekendgetawaysthatwereenjoyedbytheupperclasses.Intheafternoonsandevenings,thegroundsoftheestates(房产)wouldbesoftlylitwithcandlesandlanterns,foodpreparedandsetinlongbuffettablesfortheguests,andcomfortableseatingalwayswithinreach.
Peopletendedtodressupforthesetypesofoutdoorevents,whichmadethemquiteafestiveoccasion.Stringbandsoftenprovidedagracefulmelodythatservedasoneofthewaysthattheeleganttoneoftheoccasionwassetandmaintained.
Today,theconceptlivesonaroundtheworld.Nolongerjustaneventforthewelltodo,thegardenpartyisaweekendgatheringinmanyneighborhoods.Neighborsareinvitedtocomeenjoytheoutdoorsbyattendingacookout,completewithplentyofgrilledfood,lotsofseating,andusuallyplentytodrink.Itisnotunusualforafewsimplegamestobeavailableaswell,dependingonthesizeofthespace.Musicdoesnotnecessarilyhavetobeprovidedbyalivebandanymore,althoughsomepeoplepreferthechatterandlaughterofpeopleenjoyingthemselvestoanytypeofmusicalaccompaniment.
Themodernversioncanbeveryfreeform,oruseaspecialoccasionorthemeasthebasisfortheevent.Forexample,abirthdayisagreatreasontothrowthistypeofparty.Majorpatrioticholidaysoftenprovidethetheme,withthedecorationsrevolvingaroundthenationalcolorsandothersymbols.Funtimes,suchasValentine’sDayorandEasteregghunt,canalsobethereasonforputtingtogetheraparty.Aslongastheeventtakesplaceoutdoors,haspeopletointeract,andincludesfoodanddrink,theeventiscomplete.
12.Whydidtheupperclassesholdgardenpartiescenturiesago?
A.Toentertainthemselves.
B.Togetawayfromhome.
C.Toshowofftheirestates.
D.Toknowotherupperclasspeople.
13.Whatdoweknowaboutgardenpartiesthatareheldtoday?
A.Theyarestillheldmainlyfortherich.
B.Theyhaveverydifferentconceptsnow.
C.Theyalwayshavelivebandperformances.
D.Theycanbeenjoyedbycommonpeople.
14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A.Gardenpartieshavebecomeinformaltoday.
B.Gardenpartieshavevariousthemestoday.
C.Gardenpartiesareusuallyheldonbirthdays.
D.Gardenpartiesarenotalwaysheldoutdoors.
15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitlefo
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