职称英语理工类B级考前押题.docx
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职称英语理工类B级考前押题.docx
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职称英语理工类B级考前押题
2015年职称英语理工类B级考前押题
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1-15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.Thefootballteam,forthemostpart,wereconfidentofwinningthematch.
A.mostlyB.partlyC.onlyD.really
2.Atfirsthedid’trealizethathehadsucceeded.
A.knowB.findoutC.recognizeD.lookinto
3.Toframeuphisboss,Dickhadtomakeupevidence.
A.collectB.discloseC.inventD.generate
4.Thegovernmentlaunchedamassivecampaignagainstcrimesinthebigcities.
A.proposedB.decidedC.beganD.studied
5.Itisveryconsiderateofyoutoremembermybirthday.
A.thoughtfulB.considerableC.carefiilD.concerned
6.1wasamazedatthebeautyofthemountainwhenIreachedtothetop.
A.excitedB.astonishedC.happyD.unpleasant
7.Theupperatmosphereisbelievedtoconsistofanumberofroughlyconcentriclayers,whichincludethetroposphere(对流层)andstratosphere(平流层).
A.plainlyB.repeatedlyC.nearlyD.changeably
8.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.
A.beforeB.roundC.afterD.over
9.Hemadegreatshowofreluctance,butfinallyacceptedmyoffer.
A.emotionB.unwillingnessC.angerD.postpone
10.Hissuccessinworkhastemptedmanytotrythisnewmethod.
A.attractedB.calledC.inspiredD.implied
11.Shecouldfixthemachinewithoutreferringtotheinstructions.
A.understandingB.observingC.consultingD.obtaining
12.1didn’thavemuchconfidenceinmytalentasafilmactor.
A.wisdomB.giftC.performanceD.show
13.HerdeathwasagrieftohimandIdoubtifheeverrecoveredafterwards.
A.gotbyB.gotthroughC.gotonD.gotover
14.Themostprominentcharacteristicofhandwritingisundoubtedlyletterformationandslant.
A.presumablyB.inmanycasesC.surelyD.withoutbias
15.Fondindustryreliesmainlyonagricultureforrawmaterial.
A.dependsonB.dependentonC.derivesfromD.derivedfrom
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16-22题,每题1分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
TheRaceintoSpace
AmericanmillionaireDennisTitowillalwaysbefamous.Hewasthefirsttouristinspace.“IspentsixtyyearsonEarthandeightdaysinspaceandfrommyviewpoint,itwastwoseparatelives,”Titoexplained.Helovedhistimeinspace.“Beinginspaceandlookingbackatearthisoneofthemostrewardingexperiencesahumanbeingcanhave.”
Thiskindofexperienceisn’tcheap.Itcost$20million.However,Titoachievedhisdreamsohewashappy.“Formeitwasalifedream.ItwasadreamthatbeganwhenIdidn’thaveanymoney,”hetoldreporters.
On30April2002,MarkShuttleworthbecametheworld’ssecondspacetourist.ShuttleworthisaSouthAfricanbusinessman.Attheageoftwenty-eighthealsopaid$20millionfortheeight-daytrip.
BothTitoandShuttleworthboughttheirticketsfromacompanycalledSpaceAdventures.Thecompanyhasaround100peoplealreadyontheirwaitinglistforflightsintospace.Thespaceshiptotakethemdoesn’texistyet.
Manyofthecustomersarepeoplewholikeadventure.TheyarethekindofpeoplewhoalsowanttoclimbMountQomolangma.Othercustomersarepeoplewholovespace.However,thesepeopleareworried.Becauseit’ssoexpensive,onlyveryrichpeoplecangointospace.Theywantspacetraveltobeavailabletomorepeople.
Thatdaymaysoonbehere.InterOrbitalSystems(IOS)planstosenduptofourtouristsaweekintospace.ThetourswilldepartfromanislandinTonga.Thecompanypromisesapackagethatincludesforty-fivedaysofastronauttraininginRussiaandCalifornia,sevendaysinspace,andavacationinTongafor$2million.
However,spaceflightisstillverydangerous.BillReaddyisNASA’sdeputyassistantadministratorforspaceflight.Hesaysthatthechancesofdyingareabout1in500.Becauseofthisitmaytaketimebeforespacetourismreallytakesoff.Youmightbeabletogoup,butwillyoucomedown?
16.DennisTitowasthefirsttouristinspace.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
17.MarkShuttleworthisanengineerfromtheUnitedStates.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
18.BothTitoandShuttleworthhaveclimbedMountQomolangma.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
19.SpaceAdventureshasabout100customerswaitingfortheirtravelintospace.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
20.SpaceAdventuresalreadyhasaspaceship.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
21.IOSwillsenditstouristsintospacefromTonga.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
22.BillReaddythinksspaceflightisverydangerous.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题,每题1分,共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1、3、4、5段每段选择1个最佳标题;
(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
Carbondioxide
1ThemoleculesofcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmosphereaffecttheheatbalanceoftheEarthbyactingasaone-wayscreen.Althoughthesemoleculesallowradiationatvisiblewavelengths,wheremostoftheenergyofsunlightisconcentrated,topassthrough,theyabsorbsomeofthelonger-wavelengthinfraredemissionsradiatedfromtheEarth’ssurface,radiationthatwouldotherwisebetransmittedbackintospace.FortheEarthtomaintainaconstantaveragetemperature,suchemissionsfromtheplanetmustbalanceincomingsolarradiation.Iftherewerenocarbondioxideintheatmosphere,heatwouldescapefromtheEarthmuchmoreeasily.Thesurfacetemperaturewouldbesomuchlowerthattheoceansmightbeasolidmassofice.
2Today,however,thepotentialproblemistoomuchcarbondioxide.Theburningoffossilfuelsandtheclearingoftheforestshaveincreasedatmosphericcarbondioxidebyabout15percentinthe1sthundredyears,andwecontinuetoaddcarbondioxidetotheatmosphere.Couldtheincreaseincarbondioxidecauseaglobalriseinaveragetemperatureandcouldsucharisehaveseriousconsequencesforhumansociety?
Mathematicalmodelsthatallowustocalculatetheriseintemperatureasafunctionoftheincreaseindicatethattheanswerisprobablyyes.
3Underpresentconditionsatemperatureof-18°Ccanbeobservedatanaltitudeof5to6kilometersabovetheEarth.Belowthisaltitude(calledtheradiatinglevel),thetemperatureincreasesbyabout6°CperkilometerapproachingtheEarth’ssurface,wheretheaveragetemperatureisabout15°C.Anincreaseintheamountofcarbondioxidemeansthattherearemoremoleculesofcarbondioxidetoabsorbinfraredradiation.Asthecapacityoftheatmospheretoabsorbinfraredradiationincrease,theradiatinglevelaridthetemperatureofthesurfacemustrise.
4Onemathematicalmodelpredictsthatdoublingtheatmosphericcarbondioxidewouldraisetheglobalmeansurfacetemperatureby2.5°C.Thismodelassumesthat,theatmosphere’srelativehumidityremainsconstantandthetemperaturedecreaseswithaltitudeatarateof6.5°Cperkilometer.
5Theassumptionofconstantrelativehumidityisimportant,becausewatervaporintheatmosphereisanotherefficientabsorberofradiationatinfraredwavelengths.Becausewarmaircanholdmoremoisturethancoolair,therelativehumiditywillbeconstantonlyiftheamountofwatervaporintheatmosphereincreasesasthetemperaturerises.Therefore,moreinfraredradiationwouldbeabsorbedandreradiatedbacktotheEarth’ssurface.Theresultantwarmingatthesurfacecouldbeexpectedtomeltsnowandice,reducingtheEarth’sreflectivity.Moresolarradiationwouldthenbeabsorbed,leadingtoafurtherincreaseintemperature.
23.Paragraph1_____
24.paragraph3_____
25.Paragraph4_____
26.Paragraph5_____
27.Nowadays,toomuchcarbondioxide_____.
28.Theradiatinglevelandthetemperatureofthesurfacemustrisebecauseofthe_____.
29.Onlyiftheamountofwatervaporintheatmosphereincreasesasthetemperaturerises,theatmosphere’srelativehumidity_____.
30.Anincreaseintheamountofcarbondioxidemeansthattherearemoremoleculesofcarbondioxide_____.
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31-45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第1篇WalkingtoExercisetheBrain
Doyouthinksittingandstudyingallthetimewillimproveyourgrades?
Thinkagain.Gettingsomeexercisemayhelp,too.
Newresearchwitholderpeoplesuggeststhattakingregularwalkshelpsthempayattentionbetterthaniftheydidn’texercise.
Previousresearchhadshownthatmicelearn,remember,andpayattentionbetterafterafewweeksofworkingoutonarunningwheel.Micethatexercisehavegreaterbloodflowtothebrainthanthosewhodon’t.Theirbraincellsalsomakemoreconnections.
NeuroscientistsfromtheUniversityatUrbana-Champaignwantedtofindoutifthesamethingistrueforpeople.First,theymeasuredthephysicalfitnessof41adults,ages58to77,aftereachpersonwalked1mile.Then,participantslookedatarrowsonacomputerscreenandhadtousecomputerkeystoshowwhichwayoneparticulararrowwaspointing.
Adultswhowerephysicallyfitwerefasteratthearrowtask,andtheiranswerswerejustasaccurateastheirlessfitpeers,theresearchersfound.Thefitterparticipantsalsohadmorebloodflowtoapartoftheirbrainresponsibleforpayingattentionandmakingdecisions.
Inasecondstudy,15elderlypeoplewhocompleteda6-monthaerobic-trainingcoursewerefasteratattentiontaskscomparedwith14seniorswhojustdidstretchingandtoningexercisesforthesameamountoftime.
So,evengoingforawalkevery2or3daysforjust10to45minutescanhelp.Thatshouldbegoodnewsforyourgrandparents.
Theeffectsofexercisingonthebrainsofyoungerpeoplehaven’tbeenstudiedyet.Still,itcan’thurttotakeoccasionalstudybreaksandgofor
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