文都英语四级CET4真题.docx
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文都英语四级CET4真题.docx
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文都英语四级CET4真题
2011年12月大学英语四级真题
PartⅠ Writing (30minutes)
注意:
此部分试题在答题卡1上.
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftimes."Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.
PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
Directions:
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentencewiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
WhyIntegrityMatters
WhatIsIntegrity?
Thekeytointegrityisconsistency-notonlysettinghighpersonalstandardsforoneself(honesty,responsibility,respectforothers,fairness)butalsolivinguptothosestandardseachandeveryday.Onewhohasintegrityisboundbyandfollowsmoralandethical(道德上的)standardsevenwhenmakinglife'shardchoices,choiceswhichmaybecloudedbystress,pressuretosucceed,ortemptation.
Whathappensifwelie,cheat,steal,orviolateotherethicalstandards?
Wefeeldisappointedinourselvesandashamed.Butalapse(缺失)ofintegrityalsoaffectsourrelationshipswithothers.Trustisessentialinanyimportantrelationship,whetherpersonalorprofessional.Whocantrustsomeonewhoisdishonestorunfair?
Thusintegritymustbeoneofourmostimportantgoals.
RiskyBusiness
Weareeachresponsibleforourowndecisions,evenifthedecision,makingprocesshasbeenunderminedbystressorpeerpressure.Therealtestofcharacteriswhetherwecanlearnfromourmistake,byunderstandingwhyweactedaswedidandthenexploringwaystoavoidsimilarproblemsinthefuture.
Makingethicaldecisionsisacriticalpartofavoidingfutureproblems.Wemustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan'tseetheriskswe'retaking,wecan'tmakeresponsiblechoices.Toidentifyrisks,weneedtoknowtherulesandbeawareofthefacts.Forexample,onewhodoesn'tknowtherulesaaboutplagiarism(剽窃)mayaccidentallyusewordsorideaswithoutgivingpropercreditoronewhofailstokeepcarefulresearchnotesmayunintentionallyfailtoquoteandcitesourcesasrequired.Butthefactthatsuchaviolationis"unintentional"doesnotexcusethemisconduct,Ignoranceisnotadefense.
"ButEverybodyDoesIt"
Mostpeoplewhogetintroubledoknowtherulesandfactsbutmanagetofoolthemselvesabouttherisksthey'retakingbyusingexcuses:
"Everyoneelsedoesit.""I'mnothurtinganyone",or"Ireallyneedthisgrade."Excusescangetveryelaborate:
"IknowI'mlookatanother'sexam,eventhoughI'msupposedtokeepmyeyesonmyownpaper,butthat'snotcheatingbecauseI’mjustcheckingmyanswers,notcopying."Wemustbehonestaboutouractionsandavoidexcuses,ifwefoolourselvesintobelievingwe'renotdoinganythingwrong,wecan'tseetherealchoicewe'remaking-andthatleadstobaddecisions.
Toavoidfoolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest:
Askhowyouwouldfeelifyouractionswerepublicandanyonecouldbewatchingoveryoreshoulder.Ifyou'dratherhideyouractions,that'sanindicationthatyou'retakingariskandrationalizingittoyourself.
EvaluatingRisks
Todecidewhetherariskisworthtaking,youmustexaminetheconsequences,inthefutureaswellasrightnow,negativeaswellaspositive,andtoothersaswellastoyourself.Thosewhotakeriskstheylaterregretusuallyfocusonimmolatebenefitsandsimplyhaven'tconsideredwhatmightgowrong.Theconsequencesofgettingcaughtareseriousandmayincludea"O"onatestorassignment,an"F"intheclass,suspension(暂令停学)ordismissalfromschoolandaruinedreputation.Infact,whenyoubreakaroleorlaw,youlosecontroloveryourlifeandgiveothersthepowertoimposepunishmentthatyouhavenocontrolover.Thisisanextremelyvulnerable(脆弱的)position.Theremaybesomemattersoflifeanddeathorhighestprinciple,whichmightjustifysucharisk,buttherearen'tmanythingsthatfallinthiscategory.
GettingAwaywithit-OrNot
Thosewhodon'tgetcaughtpayanevenhigherprice.Acheaterdoesn'tlearnfromthetest,whichdeprives(剥夺)himherofaneducation.Cheatingunderminesconfidenceandindependence:
thecheaterisafraud,andknowsthatwithoutdishonesty,he/shewouldhavefailed.Cheatingdestroysself-respectandintegrity,leavingthecheaterashamed,guiltyandafraidofgettingcaught.
Worstofall,acheaterwhodoesn'tgetcaughtthefirsttimeusuallycheatsagain,notonlybecausehe/sheisfartherbehind,butalsobecauseitseems"easier."Thisslipperyslopeoferodingethicsandbiggerrisksleadsonlytodisaster.Eventually,thecheatergetscaught,andthelaterhe/shegetscaught,theworsetheconsequences.
CheatingHurtsOther,Too
Cheatersoftenfeelinvisible,asiftheiractions"don'tcount"anddon'treallyhurtanyone.Butindividualchoiceshaveanintensecumulative(累积的)effect.Cheatingcanspreadlikeadisease.Recentstatisticssuggest30%ormoreofcollegestudentscheat.Ifaclassisgradedonacurve,cheatinghurtsothers'grades.Evenifthereisnocurve,cheating"poisons"theclassroom,andothersmayfeelpressuredtojoinin.("IfIdon'tcheatIcan'tcompetewiththosewhodo")Cheatingalsohasadestructiveimpactonteachers.Therealrewardofgoofteachingisseeingstudentslearn.Butacheatersays."I'mnotinterestedinwhatyou'retryingtoteach,allIcareaboutisstealingagrade,regardlessoftheeffectonothers."Theendresultisadestructiveattackonthequalityofyoureducation.Finally,cheatingcanhurtthereputationoftheuniversityandharmthosewhoworkedhardfortheirdegree.
WhyIntegrityMatters
Ifcheatingbecomesthenorm,thenweareinbigtrouble.Wemustrelyonthehonestyandgoodfaithofothers,ifnot,wecouldn'tputmoneyinthebank,buyfood,clothing,ormedicinefromothers,driveacrossabridge,getonaplane,gotothedentist--thelistisendless.Therearemanyexamplesofthevastharmthatiscausedwhenindividualsforgetorignoretheeffecttheirdishonestycanhave.Thesavingsandloanscandal,thestockmarketandjunkbondswindles,and,ofcourse,Watergate,haveunderminedthefaithofmanyAmericansintheintegrityofpoliticalandeconomicleadersandsocietyasawhole.Suchincidentstakeatremendoustollonournation'seconomyandourindividualwell-being.Forexample,butforthesavingsandloandebacle,theremightbefundsavailabletoreducethenationaldebtandpayforeducation.
Insum,weallhaveacommonstakeinourschool,ourcommunity,andoursociety.Ouractionsdomatter.Itisessentialthatweactwithintegrityinordertobuildthekindofworldinwhichwewanttolive.
1.Apersonofintegritynotonlysetshighmoralandethicalstandardsbutalso_______.
A)stickstothemintheirdailylife
B)makesthemknowntoothers
C)understandstheirtruevalues
D)seesthatothersalsofollowthem
2.Whatroledoesintegrityplayinpersonalandprofessionalrelationships?
A)Ithelpstocreateteamspirit
B)Itfacilitatescommunication
C)Itisthebasisofmutualtrust
D)Itinspiresmutualrespect
3.whymustwelearntoidentifytheriskswearegoingtotake?
A.Toensurewemakeresponsiblechoices.
B.Toavoidbeingoverwhelmedbystress.
C.sothatwedon’tbreakanyrules.
D.sothatwedon’trunintotrouble.
4.Violationofaruleismisconductevenif_______?
A.ithascausednoharm.
B.itisclaimedtobeunintentional.
C.ithasgoneunnoticed.
D.itiscommittedwithgoodintentions.
5.Whatshouldonedoifhedoesn’twishtofoolhimself?
A.Avoidmakingexcuses.
B.Listentootherpeople’sadvice.
C.Makehisintensionspublic.
D.Haveotherswatchoverhisshoulder.
6.Thosewhotakeriskstheyregretlateron_______.
A.willoftenbecomemorecautious
B.areusuallyveryaggressive
C.valueimmediatebenefitsmost.
D.mayloseeverythingintheend
7.Accordingtotheauthor,acheaterwhodoesn’tgetcaughtrightawaywill_______.
A)paymoredearly
B)becomemoreconfident
C)bewidelyadmired
D)feelsomewhatlucky
8.Cheatersatexamdon’tcareabouttheireducation,alltheycareaboutishowto
9.Integritymattersinthatallsocialactivitiesrelyonpeople’s.
10.ManyAmericanslostfaithintheintegrityoftheirpoliticalleadersasaresultof.
PartIIIListeningComprehension
SectionA
11.A.ReadthenoticeonthewindowB.Getanewbusschedule
C.GoandaskthestaffD.BoardthebustoCleveland
12.A.Hewaslookingforwardtoseeingthegiraffes.
B.Heenjoyedwatchingtheanimalperformance.
C.HegothometoolatetoseetheTVspecial
D.HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.
13.A.Shewantstotakethemostdirectway.
B.Shemaybelateforthefootballgame.
C.Sheisworriedaboutmissingherflight.
D.Sheiscurrentlycaughtinatrafficjam.
14.A.AtarestaurantB.InafishshopC.AtaclinicD.Onafishingboat
15.A.Heisanexperiencedsalesmanager.
B.Heisbeinginterviewedforajob.
C.Heisaclosefriendofthewoman.
D.Heisgoodatansweringtrickyquestions.
16.A.Themanshouldconsiderhisprivacyfirst.
B.Themanwillchoosealow-rentapartment.
C.Themanisnotcertainifhecanfindaquieterplace
D.Themanisunlikelytomoveoutofthedormitory.
17.A.Thewomanisgoingtomakehertopicmorefocused.
B.Themanandwomanareworkingonajointproject.
C.Oneshouldchooseabroad
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