普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语题目辽宁卷附答案.docx
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普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语题目辽宁卷附答案.docx
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普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语题目辽宁卷附答案
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语(辽宁卷)
第I卷
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)(略)
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑
A
Anewstudyshowsstudentswhowritenotesbyhandduringlecturesperformbetteronexamsthanthosewhouselaptops(笔记本电脑)
Studentsareincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornote-takingbecauseofspeedandlegibility(清晰度).Buttheresearchhasfoundlaptopusersarelessabletorememberandapplytheconceptstheyhavebeentaught.
Researchersperformedexperimentsthataimedtofindoutwhetherusingalaptopincreasedthetendencytomakenotes“mindlessly”bytakingdownwordforwordwhattheprofessorsaid.
Inthefirstexperiment,studentsweregiveneitheralaptoporpenandpaper.Theylistenedtothesamelecturersandweretoldtousetheirusualnote-takingskills.Thirtyminutesafterthetalk,theywereexaminedontheirabilitytorememberfactsandonhowwelltheyunderstoodconcepts.
Theresearchersfoundthatlaptopuserstooktwiceasmanynotesasthosewhowrotebyhand.However,thetypistsperformedworseatrememberingandapplyingtheconcepts.Bothgroupsscoredsimilarlywhenitcametomemorizingfacts.
Theresearcher’sreportsaid,“Whilemorenotesarebeneficial,ifthenotesaretakenmindlessly,asismorelikelythecaseonalaptop,thebenefitdisappears.”
Inanotherexperimentaimedattestinglong-termmemory,studentstooknotesasbeforebutweretestedaweekafterthelecture.Thistime,thestudentswhowrotenotesbyhandperformedsignificantlybetterontheexam.
Thesetwoexperimentssuggestedthathandwrittennotesarenotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstanding,butthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuture.
21.Moreandmorestudentsfavorlaptopsfornote-taking,becausetheycan________.
A.writemorenotesB.digestconceptsbetter
C.gethigherscoresD.understandlecturesbetter
22.Whiletakingnotes,laptopuserstendtobe________.
A.skillfulB.mindless
C.thoughtfulD.tireless
23.Theauthorofthepassageaimsto________.
A.examstheimportanceoflong-termmemory
B.stressthebenefitoftakingnotesbyhand
C.explaintheprocessoftakingnotes
D.promotetheuseoflaptops
24.Thepassageislikelytoappearin________.
A.anewspaperadvertisementB.acomputertextbook
C.asciencemagazineD.afinancereport
B
(Q=Question;A=Answer)
SituationI
Q:
Ifsomeonesitsrightnexttomeinanemptymovietheater,isitrudetomove?
A:
Maybe,butnobodywillfaultyouforit.Chancesarethattheclosesitterdoesn’trealizehedisturbsyou,sohemaymissyourannoyance.Youundoubtedlyaren’tthefirstpersonhe’smetwhoneedsenoughroom.Forgivehisbadjudgment,movequietlyandenjoytheshow.
SituationII
Q:
IfIusethebathroomatastore,doIneedtobuysomething?
A:
Considerfrequencyandurgency.Isthisaone-timethingoranemergency?
Ifso,youdon’thavetobuyanything,butitwouldbekindyoudid.However,ifyouregularlyusethebathroomatthisplace,thenyouareacustomer,andyoushouldactlikeone.
SituationIII
Q:
Ifsomeoneistalkingloudlyonthebus,isthereanicewaytoaskhimtokeepitdown?
A:
No.Tryothermeans:
1)Stareathimuntilhegetsawareofitandquietsdown.2)Liftyourfingerinasilencemotion(动作)andsmile.3)Putonearphonesandignorehim.
SituationIV
Q:
IfIremembermyfriend’sbirthdayadaylate,shouldIapologizeorjustwishherahappybirthdaylikenothinghappened?
A:
Thisisthereasonwhythewordbelatedwasinvented.“Happybelatedbirthday!
”isshortfor:
“Well,IknowIforgot,butthenIremembered.Forgivemeandhappybirthday.”
SituationV
Q:
CanIlieaboutseeingatextbecauseIwastoobusyorlazytorespond(回复)toit?
A:
Don’tlie.Receivingatextdoesnotmeanyouneedtorespondtoit.Whywasteaperfectlygoodliewhenthetruthwillserve?
“yes,”youcansayifeverasked,“Isawit.”Noexplanationisneededastowhyyoudon’trespond.
25.Youwillgetannoyedinatheaterwhen_______.
A.apersonistooactive.
B.apersonistoorudetoyou.
C.apersontalkstooloudly.
D.apersonsitstooclosetoyou.
26.Howwillyouquietsomeonedowninapublicplace?
A.Bymakingfunofhimcontinuously.
B.Bylookingpurposefullyathim.
C.Bytalkingtohimdirectly.
D.Bypointingangrilyathim.
27.Theunderlinedword“belated”inSituationIVprobablymeans______.
A.predictedB.returnedC.cancelledD.delayed.
28.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Modernwaystomindyourmanners.
B.Differentwaystochangeother’smanners.
C.Propermannerstoofferhelptoothers.
D.Goodmannerstotalktopeople.
C
Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,likeanimals,treescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenextgeneration?
UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarecompetingforsurvivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwronghewas.Infact,theoppositeistrue:
treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupport,passingaroundnecessarynutrition“dependingonwhoneedsit.”
Nitrogen(氮)andcarbonaresharedthroughmilesofundergroundfungi(真菌)networks,makingsurethatalltreesintheforestecologicalsystemgiveandreceivejusttherightamounttokeepthemallhealthy.Thishiddensystemworksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons(神经元)inourbrains,andwhenonetreeisdestroyed,itaffectsall.
Simardtalksabout“mothertrees,”usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.Sheexplainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.Whenhumanscutdown“mothertrees”withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties”orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.
“Wedidn’ttakeanynoticeofit.”Simardsayssadly.“Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying,butwenevergivethemchance.”Ifwecouldputacrossthemessagetotheforestryindustry,wecouldmakeahugedifferencetowardsourenvironmentalprotectioneffortsforthefuture.
29.Theunderlinedsentence“theoppositeistrue”inParagraph2probablymeansthattrees__________.
A.competeforsurvivalB.protecttheirownwealth
C.dependoneachotherD.providesupportfordyingtrees.
30.“Mothertrees”areextremelyimportantbecausethey_______.
A.lookthelargestinsizeintheforest
B.passonnutritiontoyoungtrees
C.seemmorelikelytobecutdownbyhumans
D.knowmoreaboutthecomplex“treesocieties”
31.Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto_______.
A.how“treesocieties”workB.howtreesgrowold
C.howforestryindustrydevelopsD.howyoungtreessurvive
32.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.OldTreesCommunicateLikeHumans
B.YoungTreesAreInNeedOfProtection
C.TreesAreMoreAwesomeThanYouThink
D.TreesContributeToOurSociety.
D
TravisisthemanagerofG&Gwhereheisresponsibleforfortyemployees(雇员)andprofits(利润)ofover&2millionperyear.He'sneverlatetowork.Hedoesnotgetupsetonthejob.Whenoneofhisemployeesstartedcryingafteracustomerscreamedather.Travistookheraway.“Yourworkinguniformisyourshelter,”hetoldher.“Nothinganyonesayswilleverhurtyou.Youwillalwaysbeasstrongasyouwanttobe.”
TravispickedupthatlectureinoneofhisG&Gtrainingcourses,aneducationprogramthatbeganonhisfirstdayandcontinuesthroughoutanemployee'soccupation.Thetraininghas,Travissays,changedhislife.G&Ghastaughthimhowtolive,howtofocus,howtogettoworkontime,andhowtomasterhisemotions(情绪).Mostimportantly,ittaughthimwillpower.
Atthecenterofthateducationisanextremefocusonanall-importanthabit:
willpower.Dozensofcasesshowthatwillpoweristhesinglemostimportanthabitforaperson'ssuccess.
Andthebestwaytostrengthenwillpoweristomakeitintoahabit.“Sometimesitlookslikepeoplewithgreatself-controlaren’tworkinghard---–butthat’sbecausethey’vemadeitautomatic,”AngelaDuckworth,oneoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaresearcherssaid,“Theirwillpoweroccurswithoutthemhavingtothinkaboutit.”
Thecompanyspentmillionsofdollarsdevelopingprogramsofstudytotrainemployeesonself-control.Managerswroteworkbooksthatserveasguidestohowtomakewillpowerahabitinworkers'lives.Thosecoursesare,inpart,whyG&Ghasgrownfromasleepycompanyintoalargeonewithmorethanseventeenthousandstoresandprofitsofmorethan&10billionayear.
33.WelearnfromParagraph2thatemployeesinG&Gmust________.
A.learntogivelectures
B.attendeducationprograms
C.designaworkinguniform
D.developacommonhobby
34.Willpowerwillbecomeahabitwhenemployeescan_________.
A.focusontheprofits
B.benefitfromthejob
C.protectthemselveswell
D.controltheirfeelingswell
35.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.G&Ghasgrownintoalargecompany
B.G&Gwillspendhalfitsprofitstrainingemployees
C.G&Gmaybecomemoresuccessfulinthefuture.
D.G&Ghastoproducemoreworkbooksformanagers.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
选项中有两项为多余项。
Eyesightplaysaveryimportantroleinourdailylife.Everywakingmoment,theeyesareworkingtoseetheworldaroundus.OverfortypercentofAmericansworryaboutlosingeyesight,butit’seasytoincludestepsintoourdailylifetoensurehealthyeyes.Herear
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